Poor correlation between predicted ideal and prescribed digoxin dose: a community-based pharmacokinetic study in the elderly

2001 ◽  
Vol 9 (S1) ◽  
pp. 23-23
Author(s):  
K. Holden ◽  
W. Sheldon ◽  
P. Earle ◽  
A. Dawson ◽  
J. Frater
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacokinetic Study ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Digoxin Dose

A Community-Based Survey and Screening for Depression in the Elderly

Crisis ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirofumi Oyama ◽  
Tomoe Sakashita ◽  
Kei Hojo ◽  
Naoki Watanabe ◽  
Tohru Takizawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Depression Screening ◽  
Reference Region ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Intervention Region ◽  
Initial Survey

Background: In addition to implementing a depression screening program, conducting a survey beforehand might contribute to suicide risk reduction for the elderly. Aims: This study evaluates outcomes of a community-based program to prevent suicide among individuals aged 60 and over, using a quasiexperimental design with an intervention region (41,337 residents, 35.1% aged 60 and over) and a neighboring reference region. Methods: Our 2-year intervention program included an anonymous survey by random sample in the entire intervention region and, in the second year, a depression screening with follow-up by a psychiatrist in the higher-risk districts. Changes in the risk of completed suicide were estimated by the incidence-rate ratio (IRR). Results: The risk for men in the intervention region was reduced by 61% (age-adjusted IRR = 0.39; 90% CI = 0.18–0.87), whereas there was a (statistically insignificant) 51% risk reduction for women in the intervention region, and no risk reduction for either men or women in the reference region. The ratio of the crude IRR for elderly men in the intervention region to that for all elderly men in Japan was estimated at 0.42 (90% CI = 0.18–0.92), showing that the risk reduction was greater than the national change. Conclusions: The management of depression through a combination of an initial survey and subsequent screening holds clear promise for prompt effectiveness in the prevention of suicide for elderly men, and potentially for women.

scholarly journals A Study on Supply–Demand Satisfaction of Community-Based Senior Care Combined with the Psychological Perception of the Elderly

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Jiangang Shi ◽  
Wenwen Hua ◽  
Daizhong Tang ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Quanwei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Government

Based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory and customer satisfaction theory, we constructed a satisfaction model for supply–demand satisfaction for community-based senior care (SSCSC) combined with the psychological perspective of the elderly, and four dimensions of basic living needs (BLNs), living environment (LE), personal traits (PTs), and livability for the aged (LA) were selected to construct the model. The data were obtained from 296 questionnaires from seniors over 50 years old (or completed by relatives on their behalf, according to their actual situation). Twenty-two observed variables were selected for the five latent variables, and their interactions were explored using structural equation modeling. The results showed that LA was the most significant factor influencing SSCSC, and it was followed by BLNs and LE. PTs did not show a direct effect on LA, but they could have an indirect effect on SSCSC through influencing BLNs and LE. Based on the current state of community aging satisfaction, we propose to establish a community elderly care service system based on the basic needs of the elderly population, providing differentiated and refined elderly care services and improving the level of aging-friendly communities. This study provides references for the government to formulate relevant policies and other supply entities to make strategic decisions and has important implications for further enhancing community elderly services to become an important part of the social security system for the elderly.

scholarly journals Power, Legitimacy, and Urgency of Community-Based Tourism Stakeholders in Northeastern Thailand

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Mattara Sripun ◽  
Sekson Yongvanit ◽  
Richard Pratt
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional Differentiation ◽  
Stakeholder Salience ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Doctoral Research ◽  
Stakeholder Groups ◽  
Northeastern Thailand

This paper examines the dynamics of Community-Based Tourism (CBT) stakeholder salience namely; power, legitimacy and urgency. Data is drawn from a doctoral research fieldwork, undertaken from 2013-2016 in two long running CBT villages in Northeastern Thailand which are Ban Prasat; an archaeological site in Nakhon Ratchasima province, and the ethnic Phu Tai cultural village of Ban Khok Kong in Kalasin province. Instruments include secondary data, participatory and non-participatory observations, and in-depth interviews using semi-structured questions with 53 key informants selected from 5 pre-defined stakeholder groups. Content analysis is employed using a modified stakeholder salience framework. The paper is structured into four main parts; an introduction to the theoretical foundations of the research, the examination of “legitimate” stakeholder groups and their dynamic relations, the discussion of stakeholder salience’s fundamental concepts of “who and what really matters”, and the limitations of applying a stakeholder approach in the CBT context. Findings unfold subtle but complex layers of process dynamics and stakeholder relationship. Women and the elderly are the backbone of a CBT process. Stakeholders play various roles based on group member skills. Roles and responsibilities are contingent, inclusive, and non-hierarchical. Functional differentiation serves as a management parameter and determines stakeholder urgency. Though CBT is managed through a participatory decision making process, the leaders are the most powerful stakeholder groups controlling tourism resources and regulations. CBT stakes are collective benefits. Normative legitimacy is found to be the most critical aspect. Interest overlap and the dynamic range of the stakeholder interrelations found in both CBT communities are too contingent and transitory for a unified thought on CBT management. Stakeholder interrelations transit as the setting evolves and the stakeholders themselves make decisions or change their opinions. This subjective element highlights moral essentiality and leadership dependence. Legitimacy is inevitably another form of power.

Functional Assessment of Elderly Clients of a Rural Community-Based Long-Term Care Program: A 10-Year Cohort Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank J. Elgar ◽  
Graham Worrall ◽  
John C. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Care Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Home Care Services ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Affective Functioning

ABSTRACTAs the demand for home care services increases, health care agencies should be able to predict the intake capacity of community-based long-term care (CBLTC) programs. Two hundred and thirty-seven clients entering a CBLTC program were assessed for activities of daily living (ADL) and cognitive and affective functioning and were then followed to monitor attrition and reasons why clients left the program. Compromised ADL functioning at baseline increased likelihood of death and institutionalization by 2 per cent each year. Over a 10-year period, reduced cognitive functioning at baseline increased the risk of death by 9 per cent and decreased the likelihood of leaving the program due to improvement by 18 per cent. Reduced affective functioning at baseline increased the risk of institutionalization during the course of the study by 3 per cent. Routine functional assessments with the elderly may help in the management of similar home care programs.

Informant-Reported Discrimination, Dementia, and Cognitive Impairment in Older Brazilians

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jose M. Farfel ◽  
Lisa L. Barnes ◽  
Ana Capuano ◽  
Maria Carolina de Moraes Sampaio ◽  
Robert S. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Racially Diverse ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Poor Cognitive Function ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Everyday Discrimination

Background: Self-reported discrimination is a source of psychosocial stress that has been previously associated with poor cognitive function in older African Americans without dementia. Objective: Here, we examine the association of discrimination with dementia and cognitive impairment in racially diverse older Brazilians. Methods: We included 899 participants 65 years or older (34.3% Black) from the Pathology, Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias Study (PARDoS), a community-based study of aging and dementia. A structured interview with informants of the deceased was conducted. The interview included the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) Scale for the diagnosis of dementia and cognitive impairment proximate to death and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) as a second measure of cognitive impairment. Informant-reported discrimination was assessed using modified items from the Major and Everyday Discrimination Scales. Results: Discrimination was reported by informants of 182 (20.2%) decedents and was more likely reported by informants of Blacks than Whites (25.3% versus 17.6%, p = 0.006). Using the CDR, a higher level of informant-reported discrimination was associated with higher odds of dementia (OR: 1.24, 95% CI 1.08 –1.42, p = 0.002) and cognitive impairment (OR: 1.21, 95% CI: 1.06 –1.39, p = 0.004). Similar results were observed using the IQCODE (estimate: 0.07, SE: 0.02, p = 0.003). The effects were independent of race, sex, education, socioeconomic status, major depression, neuroticism, or comorbidities. Conclusion: Higher level of informant-reported discrimination was associated with higher odds of dementia and cognitive impairment in racially diverse older Brazilians.

scholarly journals An Energy-Efficient Fall Detection Method Based on FD-DNN for Elderly People

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4192
Author(s):  
Leyuan Liu ◽  
Yibin Hou ◽  
Jian He ◽  
Jonathan Lungu ◽  
Ruihai Dong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Fall Detection ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Sleep Mode ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity

A fall detection module is an important component of community-based care for the elderly to reduce their health risk. It requires the accuracy of detections as well as maintains energy saving. In order to meet the above requirements, a sensing module-integrated energy-efficient sensor was developed which can sense and cache the data of human activity in sleep mode, and an interrupt-driven algorithm is proposed to transmit the data to a server integrated with ZigBee. Secondly, a deep neural network for fall detection (FD-DNN) running on the server is carefully designed to detect falls accurately. FD-DNN, which combines the convolutional neural networks (CNN) with long short-term memory (LSTM) algorithms, was tested on both with online and offline datasets. The experimental result shows that it takes advantage of CNN and LSTM, and achieved 99.17% fall detection accuracy, while its specificity and sensitivity are 99.94% and 94.09%, respectively. Meanwhile, it has the characteristics of low power consumption.

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