Motility, biofilm formation and associated gene expression in Vibrio parahaemolyticus impaired by co‐culture with live Ulva fasciata

ABSTRACT In this work, we describe a new gene controlling lateral flagellar gene expression. The gene encodes ScrG, a protein containing GGDEF and EAL domains. This is the second GGDEF-EAL-encoding locus determined to be involved in the regulation of swarming: the first was previously characterized and named scrABC (for “swarming and capsular polysaccharide regulation”). GGDEF and EAL domain-containing proteins participate in the synthesis and degradation of the nucleotide signal cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) in many bacteria. Overexpression of scrG was sufficient to induce lateral flagellar gene expression in liquid, decrease biofilm formation, decrease cps gene expression, and suppress the ΔscrABC phenotype. Removal of its EAL domain reversed ScrG activity, converting ScrG to an inhibitor of swarming and activator of cps expression. Overexpression of scrG decreased the intensity of a 32P-labeled nucleotide spot comigrating with c-di-GMP standard, whereas overexpression of scrG Δ EAL enhanced the intensity of the spot. Mutants with defects in scrG showed altered swarming and lateral flagellin production and colony morphology (but not swimming motility); furthermore, mutation of two GGDEF-EAL-encoding loci (scrG and scrABC) produced cumulative effects on swarming, lateral flagellar gene expression, lateral flagellin production and colony morphology. Mutant analysis supports the assignment of the primary in vivo activity of ScrG to acting as a phosphodiesterase. The data are consistent with a model in which multiple GGDEF-EAL proteins can influence the cellular nucleotide pool: a low concentration of c-di-GMP favors surface mobility, whereas high levels of this nucleotide promote a more adhesive Vibrio parahaemolyticus cell type.

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The inhibitory effect of Ulva fasciata on culturability, motility, and biofilm formation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC17802

International Microbiology ◽

10.1007/s10123-021-00165-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yan Qiao ◽

Rong Jia ◽

Yuqin Luo ◽

Lijuan Feng

Keyword(s):

Biofilm Formation ◽

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Ulva Fasciata

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Growth, Development, and Gene Expression in a Persistent Streptococcus gordonii Biofilm

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.71.8.4759-4766.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 71 (8) ◽

pp. 4759-4766 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

Keeta S. Gilmore ◽

Pravina Srinivas ◽

Darrin R. Akins ◽

Kenneth L. Hatter ◽

Michael S. Gilmore

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Bacterial Population ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Nutrient Flux ◽

Gene Expression Patterns ◽

Significant Shift ◽

Streptococcus Gordonii ◽

Growth Development

ABSTRACT A model for the protracted (30-day) colonization of smooth surfaces by Streptococcus gordonii that incorporates the nutrient flux that occurs in the oral cavity was developed. This model was used to characterize the biphasic expansion of the adherent bacterial population, which corresponded with the emergence of higher-order architectures characteristic of biofilms. Biofilm formation by S. gordonii was observed to be influenced by the presence of simple sugars including sucrose, glucose, and fructose. Real-time PCR was used to quantify changes in expression of S. gordonii genes known or thought to be involved in biofilm formation. Morphological changes were accompanied by a significant shift in gene expression patterns. The majority of S. gordonii genes examined were observed to be downregulated in the biofilm phase. Genes found to be upregulated in the biofilm state were observed to encode products related to environmental sensing and signaling.

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LuxQ-LuxU-LuxO Pathway Regulates Biofilm Formation by Vibrio parahaemolyticus

Microbiological Research ◽

10.1016/j.micres.2021.126791 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 126791

Author(s):

Min Liu ◽

Xinyuan Zhu ◽

Ce Zhang ◽

Zhe Zhao

Keyword(s):

Biofilm Formation ◽

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus

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PrfA Led to Reduced Biofilm Formation and Contributed to Altered Gene Expression Patterns in Biofilm-Forming Listeria monocytogenes

Current Microbiology ◽

10.1007/s00284-013-0377-7 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 372-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Qin Luo ◽

Junli Shang ◽

Xiaoqin Feng ◽

Xinxin Guo ◽

Liang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Gene Expression Patterns ◽

Altered Gene Expression ◽

Altered Gene

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Indole Acts as an Extracellular Cue Regulating Gene Expression in Vibrio cholerae

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.01240-08 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 191 (11) ◽

pp. 3504-3516 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

Ryan S. Mueller ◽

Sinem Beyhan ◽

Simran G. Saini ◽

Fitnat H. Yildiz ◽

Douglas H. Bartlett

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Vibrio Cholerae ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Signal Molecule ◽

Control Of Gene Expression ◽

Protozoan Grazing ◽

Extracellular Signal ◽

Grazing Resistance ◽

Indole Signaling

ABSTRACT Indole has been proposed to act as an extracellular signal molecule influencing biofilm formation in a range of bacteria. For this study, the role of indole in Vibrio cholerae biofilm formation was examined. It was shown that indole activates genes involved in vibrio polysaccharide (VPS) production, which is essential for V. cholerae biofilm formation. In addition to activating these genes, it was determined using microarrays that indole influences the expression of many other genes, including those involved in motility, protozoan grazing resistance, iron utilization, and ion transport. A transposon mutagenesis screen revealed additional components of the indole-VPS regulatory circuitry. The indole signaling cascade includes the DksA protein along with known regulators of VPS production, VpsR and CdgA. A working model is presented in which global control of gene expression by indole is coordinated through σ54 and associated transcriptional regulators.

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Norlichexanthone Reduces Virulence Gene Expression and Biofilm Formation in Staphylococcus aureus

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0168305 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. e0168305 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Mara Baldry ◽

Anita Nielsen ◽

Martin S. Bojer ◽

Yu Zhao ◽

Cathrine Friberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Virulence Gene ◽

Virulence Gene Expression

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Biofilm formation by Vibrio parahaemolyticus on different surfaces and its resistance to sodium hypochlorite

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20180612 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (12) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Janaina Viana da Rosa ◽

Natália Volpato da Conceição ◽

Rita de Cássia dos Santos da Conceição ◽

Cláudio Dias Timm

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽

High Density Polyethylene ◽

High Density ◽

Bacterial Populations ◽

Farfantepenaeus Paulensis ◽

Materials Used ◽

Fish Industry

ABSTRACT: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important pathogen for both fish industry and consumers. It forms biofilm which makes it difficult to eliminate this microorganism using sanitizers. This study aimed to assess biofilm formation on different surfaces and effect of biofilm on resistance to sanitizers. Eight isolates of biofilm-forming V. parahaemolyticus were tested for the ability to form biofilms on a number of surfaces including high density polyethylene, stainless steel, glass, exoskeleton of Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pink Shrimp), and operculum of Micropogonias furnieri (Whitemouth Croaker). Efficiency of sanitizer sodium hypochlorite against the bacteria was evaluated in the biofilms formed on the surface of the materials used; out the eight strains analyzed four formed biofilm on different surfaces. The present study shows that there are variations between surfaces in terms of biofilm formation, with more than one bacterial strain being able to form biofilm on the surface of the operculum of M. furnieri and on high density polyethylene as well. One isolate formed biofilm on glass, and one isolate formed biofilm on stainless steel. Sanitizers reduced biofilm formation on all surfaces. Based on our findings, we concluded that V. parahaemolyticus isolates have different ability to form biofilm on different surfaces. No isolates formed biofilm on shrimp shells. Results of this study also showed that sodium hypochlorite eat a concentration of 20 parts per million (20ppm) of Cl2, albeit not able to eliminate bacteria reported in biofilms, is still capable of reducing bacterial populations.

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Cyclic Diguanylate Regulates Virulence Factor Genes via Multiple Riboswitches inClostridium difficile

mSphere ◽

10.1128/msphere.00423-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Robert W. McKee ◽

Carissa K. Harvest ◽

Rita Tamayo

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Clostridium Difficile ◽

Biofilm Formation ◽

Toxin Production ◽

Intestinal Colonization ◽

Cyclic Diguanylate ◽

Signaling Molecule ◽

Content Type ◽

Surface Motility

ABSTRACTThe intracellular signaling molecule cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP) regulates many processes in bacteria, with a central role in controlling the switch between motile and nonmotile lifestyles. Recent work has shown that inClostridium difficile(also calledClostridioides difficile), c-di-GMP regulates swimming and surface motility, biofilm formation, toxin production, and intestinal colonization. In this study, we determined the transcriptional regulon of c-di-GMP inC. difficile,employing overexpression of a diguanylate cyclase gene to artificially manipulate intracellular c-di-GMP. Consistent with prior work, c-di-GMP regulated the expression of genes involved in swimming and surface motility. c-di-GMP also affected the expression of multiple genes encoding cell envelope proteins, several of which affected biofilm formationin vitro. A substantial proportion of the c-di-GMP regulon appears to be controlled either directly or indirectly via riboswitches. We confirmed the functionality of 11 c-di-GMP riboswitches, demonstrating their effects on downstream gene expression independent of the upstream promoters. The class I riboswitches uniformly functioned as “off” switches in response to c-di-GMP, while class II riboswitches acted as “on” switches. Transcriptional analyses of genes 3′ of c-di-GMP riboswitches over a broad range of c-di-GMP levels showed that relatively modest changes in c-di-GMP levels are capable of altering gene transcription, with concomitant effects on microbial behavior. This work expands the known c-di-GMP signaling network inC. difficileand emphasizes the role of the riboswitches in controlling known and putative virulence factors inC. difficile.IMPORTANCEInClostridium difficile, the signaling molecule c-di-GMP regulates multiple processes affecting its ability to cause disease, including swimming and surface motility, biofilm formation, toxin production, and intestinal colonization. In this study, we used RNA-seq to define the transcriptional regulon of c-di-GMP inC. difficile. Many new targets of c-di-GMP regulation were identified, including multiple putative colonization factors. Transcriptional analyses revealed a prominent role for riboswitches in c-di-GMP signaling. Only a subset of the 16 previously predicted c-di-GMP riboswitches were functionalin vivoand displayed potential variability in their response kinetics to c-di-GMP. This work underscores the importance of studying c-di-GMP riboswitches in a relevant biological context and highlights the role of the riboswitches in controlling gene expression inC. difficile.

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