The inhibitory effect of Ulva fasciata on culturability, motility, and biofilm formation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus ATCC17802

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Qiao ◽  
Rong Jia ◽  
Yuqin Luo ◽  
Lijuan Feng
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Ulva Fasciata

scholarly journals Myricetin as an Antivirulence Compound Interfering with a Morphological Transformation into Coccoid Forms and Potentiating Activity of Antibiotics against Helicobacter pylori

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2695
Author(s):  
Paweł Krzyżek ◽  
Paweł Migdał ◽  
Emil Paluch ◽  
Magdalena Karwańska ◽  
Alina Wieliczko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Morphological Transformation ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Coccoid Form ◽  
Stomach Diseases ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori, a gastric pathogen associated with a broad range of stomach diseases, has a high tendency to become resistant to antibiotics. One of the most important factors related to therapeutic failures is its ability to change from a spiral to a coccoid form. Therefore, the main aim of our original article was to determine the influence of myricetin, a natural compound with an antivirulence action, on the morphological transformation of H. pylori and check the potential of myricetin to increase the activity of antibiotics against this pathogen. We observed that sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of this compound have the ability to slow down the process of transformation into coccoid forms and reduce biofilm formation of this bacterium. Using checkerboard assays, we noticed that the exposure of H. pylori to sub-MICs of myricetin enabled a 4–16-fold reduction in MICs of all classically used antibiotics (amoxicillin, clarithromycin, tetracycline, metronidazole, and levofloxacin). Additionally, RT-qPCR studies of genes related to the H. pylori morphogenesis showed a decrease in their expression during exposure to myricetin. This inhibitory effect was more strongly seen for genes involved in the muropeptide monomers shortening (csd3, csd6, csd4, and amiA), suggesting their significant participation in the spiral-to-coccoid transition. To our knowledge, this is the first research showing the ability of any compound to synergistically interact with all five antibiotics against H. pylori and the first one showing the capacity of a natural substance to interfere with the morphological transition of H. pylori from spiral to coccoid forms.

Evaluation of antibacterial, teratogenicity and antibiofilm effect of sulfated chitosans extracted from marine waste against microorganism

2021 ◽  
pp. 088391152110142
Author(s):  
Velu Gomathy ◽  
Venkatesan Manigandan ◽  
Narasimman Vignesh ◽  
Aavula Thabitha ◽  
Ramachandran Saravanan
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Marine Litter ◽  
Ionization Time ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Ft Ir

Biofilms play a key role in infectious diseases, as they may form on the surface and persist after treatment with various antimicrobial agents. The Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, S. typhimurium, P. aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli most frequently associated with medical devices. Chitosan sulphate from marine litter (SCH-MW) was extracted and the mineral components were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The degree of deacetylation (DA) of SCH was predicted 50% and 33.3% in crab and shrimp waste respectively. The elucidation of the structure of the SCH-MW was portrayed using FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The molecular mass of SCH-MW was determined with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF). The teratogenicity of SCH-MW was characterized by the zebrafish embryo (ZFE) model. Antimicrobial activity of SCH-MW was tested with the agar well diffusion method; the inhibitory effect of SCH-MW on biofilm formation was assessed in 96 flat well polystyrene plates. The result revealed that a low concentration of crab-sulfated chitosan inhibited bacterial growth and significantly reduced the anti-biofilm activity of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria relatively to shrimp. It is potentially against the biofilm formation of pathogenic bacteria.

scholarly journals A Real-Time Thermal Sensor System for Quantifying the Inhibitory Effect of Antimicrobial Peptides on Bacterial Adhesion and Biofilm Formation

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2771
Author(s):  
Tobias Wieland ◽  
Julia Assmann ◽  
Astrid Bethe ◽  
Christian Fidelak ◽  
Helena Gmoser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Thermal Sensor ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Static Conditions

The increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pathogenic bacteria is a global threat to human and veterinary medicine. Beyond antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) might be an alternative to inhibit the growth of bacteria, including AMR pathogens, on different surfaces. Biofilm formation, which starts out as bacterial adhesion, poses additional challenges for antibiotics targeting bacterial cells. The objective of this study was to establish a real-time method for the monitoring of the inhibition of (a) bacterial adhesion to a defined substrate and (b) biofilm formation by AMPs using an innovative thermal sensor. We provide evidence that the thermal sensor enables continuous monitoring of the effect of two potent AMPs, protamine and OH-CATH-30, on surface colonization of bovine mastitis-associated Escherichia (E.) coli and Staphylococcus (S.) aureus. The bacteria were grown under static conditions on the surface of the sensor membrane, on which temperature oscillations generated by a heater structure were detected by an amorphous germanium thermistor. Bacterial adhesion, which was confirmed by white light interferometry, caused a detectable amplitude change and phase shift. To our knowledge, the thermal measurement system has never been used to assess the effect of AMPs on bacterial adhesion in real time before. The system could be used to screen and evaluate bacterial adhesion inhibition of both known and novel AMPs.

scholarly journals Biofilm formation by Vibrio parahaemolyticus on different surfaces and its resistance to sodium hypochlorite

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janaina Viana da Rosa ◽  
Natália Volpato da Conceição ◽  
Rita de Cássia dos Santos da Conceição ◽  
Cláudio Dias Timm
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Density ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Farfantepenaeus Paulensis ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Fish Industry

ABSTRACT: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important pathogen for both fish industry and consumers. It forms biofilm which makes it difficult to eliminate this microorganism using sanitizers. This study aimed to assess biofilm formation on different surfaces and effect of biofilm on resistance to sanitizers. Eight isolates of biofilm-forming V. parahaemolyticus were tested for the ability to form biofilms on a number of surfaces including high density polyethylene, stainless steel, glass, exoskeleton of Farfantepenaeus paulensis (Pink Shrimp), and operculum of Micropogonias furnieri (Whitemouth Croaker). Efficiency of sanitizer sodium hypochlorite against the bacteria was evaluated in the biofilms formed on the surface of the materials used; out the eight strains analyzed four formed biofilm on different surfaces. The present study shows that there are variations between surfaces in terms of biofilm formation, with more than one bacterial strain being able to form biofilm on the surface of the operculum of M. furnieri and on high density polyethylene as well. One isolate formed biofilm on glass, and one isolate formed biofilm on stainless steel. Sanitizers reduced biofilm formation on all surfaces. Based on our findings, we concluded that V. parahaemolyticus isolates have different ability to form biofilm on different surfaces. No isolates formed biofilm on shrimp shells. Results of this study also showed that sodium hypochlorite eat a concentration of 20 parts per million (20ppm) of Cl2, albeit not able to eliminate bacteria reported in biofilms, is still capable of reducing bacterial populations.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial and anti-biofilm potencies of dermcidin-derived peptide DCD-1L against Acinetobacter baumannii: an in vivo wound healing model

2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Farshadzadeh ◽  
Maryam Pourhajibagher ◽  
Behrouz Taheri ◽  
Alireza Ekrami ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Modarressi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Bacterial Attachment ◽  
Burn Wound ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

Abstract Background The global emergence of Acinetobacter baumannii resistance to most conventional antibiotics presents a major therapeutic challenge and necessitates the discovery of new antibacterial agents. The purpose of this study was to investigate in vitro and in vivo anti-biofilm potency of dermcidin-1L (DCD-1L) against extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-, pandrug-resistant (PDR)-, and ATCC19606-A. baumannii. Methods After determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of DCD-1L, in vitro anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm activities of DCD-1L were evaluated. Cytotoxicity, hemolytic activity, and the effect of DCD-1L treatment on the expression of various biofilm-associated genes were determined. The inhibitory effect of DCD-1L on biofilm formation in the model of catheter-associated infection, as well as, histopathological examination of the burn wound sites of mice treated with DCD-1L were assessed. Results The bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation in all A. baumannii isolates were inhibited at 2 × , 4 × , and 8 × MIC of DCD-1L, while only 8 × MIC of DCD-1L was able to destroy the pre-formed biofilm in vitro. Also, reduce the expression of genes involved in biofilm formation was observed following DCD-1L treatment. DCD-1L without cytotoxic and hemolytic activities significantly reduced the biofilm formation in the model of catheter-associated infection. In vivo results showed that the count of A. baumannii in infected wounds was significantly decreased and the promotion in wound healing by the acceleration of skin re-epithelialization in mice was observed following treatment with 8 × MIC of DCD-1L. Conclusions Results of this study demonstrated that DCD-1L can inhibit bacterial attachment and biofilm formation and prevent the onset of infection. Taking these properties together, DCD-1L appears as a promising candidate for antimicrobial and anti-biofilm drug development.

scholarly journals Biofilm Formation and Methylene Blue-mediated Photodynamic Inactivation of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus in the Sea Food Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoting Zhang ◽  
Qian Wu ◽  
Shuze Tang ◽  
William W Riley ◽  
Zhenqiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Crystal Violet ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Photodynamic Inactivation ◽  
Log Reduction

This study was conducted to better understand the mechanism of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus biofilm formation and to assess the inactivation effects of methylene blue-mediated photodynamic inactivation (PDI) technology as a preventative measure. Optical microscopy, following crystal violet staining, was used to observe the kinetics of V. parahaemolyticus biofilm formation. The crystal violet-based assay was performed in microtiter plates, and it was employed to determine which factors were most influential in the formation of the biofilms. Colony counting and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) were used to test the inactivation effect of methylene blue-mediated photodynamic technology on the biofilms. V. parahaemolyticus has the ability to form biofilms, as evidenced by their immediate adherence to glass surfaces and rapid maturity, within 24 h. High (7%) or low (0.5%) salinity was not conducive to the formation of biofilms, and rotational speed greater than 130 rpm also inhibited the process. A 4.05 log reduction in the concentration of viable biofilm cells was obtained with 100 μg/mL methylene blue and 20 min irradiation (24.996 J/cm2), but planktonic cells were more susceptible to the methylene blue-mediated photodynamic reaction (5.46 log reduction). The results presented here show that the methylene blue-mediated PDI technology is an effective means to inactivate V. parahaemolyticus by disrupting its membrane integrity and to inhibit the pathogen’s formation of protective biofilms. This technology is a valid tool that can be used to enhance food safety in the sea food industry.

scholarly journals Effect of tannic acid on urease and protease produced from Proteus mirabilis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
Omar S. Al-Zaidi ◽  
Luma abd alhady Zwein
Keyword(s):  
Tannic Acid ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Protease Production ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
Vitek 2 ◽  
Different Sources

Back ground: P.mirabilis is a gram negative bacterium, motile with its peritrichous flagella .Widely distributed in environment, especially in contaminated water and soil, Many virulence factors like LPS, urease, protease, hemolysin and biofilm formation play an important roles in the pathogenicity of P. mirabilis. Urease is a Nickel containing enzyme causes elevation of urine pH after hydrolyzing urea to ammonia and CO2 forming stones that blocks the urinary track. Aims: The effect of tannic acid on the production of urease and protease.                                                                        Material and methods: Twenty one isolates of Proteus were collected from different sources, Clinical and animal sources all isolates were cultured on MacConkey and blood agar and identification of P. mirabilis by, Vitek -2 compact system. Determine the effect of tannic acid on the production of urease and protease.                                                                                              Results: Twenty one isolates of Proteus were identified depending on Vitek-2 compact system, after identification, it turns out that only 18  isolate were P. mirabilis. All isolates were 100% able to produce urease and 72.2%  isolate were able to produce protease. The addition of tannic acid showed an inhibitory effect on urease and protease production. Conclusion: The effect of tannic acid on urease and protease depending on concentration, type of strain, incubation period, number of isolates and truculence of isolate.  

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Evaluation of Conventional Antibiotics, Garlic and Ginger on Isolates from Fish Pond Water Samples in Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 118-132
Author(s):  
O. R. Umeh ◽  
E. I. Chukwura ◽  
E. L. Okoye ◽  
E. M. Ibo ◽  
P. I. Egwuatu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Vibrio Parahaemolyticus ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Conventional Antibiotics

Medicinal plants are used by almost 80% of the world’s population for their basic health care because of their low cost and ease in availability. In the last few decades, many bacteria have continued to show increasing resistance against current antibiotics. Aim: In this study, phytochemical screening and antibacterial effects of conventional antibiotics, garlic and ginger on test isolates from fish pond water samples were evaluated between May-November, 2019. Methods: Standard methods for phytochemical screening and antibacterial analysis were employed. Results: The results showed that amongst the antibiotics used for susceptibility test, Amoxicilin (30 µg) was mostly resisted by all the bacterial isolates except Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Salmonella typhi while erythromycin (10 µg) was unable to inhibit Bacillus subtilis. Ciprofloxacin (10 µg) and pefloxacin (10 µg) inhibited the growth of all the isolates except Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The test isolates showed variable susceptibility to the garlic and ginger extracts (ethanol, methanol and hot water). The extracts inhibited the isolates in descending order; ginger ethanol > ginger methanol > garlic methanol > ginger hot water > garlic ethanol > garlic hot water. Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio cholerae and Staphylococcus aureus showed little resistant to the extracts while these extracts showed better activity on Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis. Synergistic effect of garlic and ginger (500mg/ml) inhibited the growth of all the isolates with ethanol extracts having the highest zone diameter (29 mm) on Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis while hot water extracts had the least zone of inhibition (18 mm) on Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. The minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration for ethanol, methanol and hot water extracts ranged from 31.25mg/ml to 62.5mg/ml and 62.5mg/ml to 125mg/ml respectively. Conclusion: The outcomes of susceptibility experiment depicted that ethanol and methanol extracts of garlic and ginger (each alone and in combination) showed more inhibitory effect than aqueous extracts and also the combination of ethanol, methanol and aqueous extracts resulted in inhibitory effect greater than each of the extracts when used singly. The use of ginger and garlic for control of fish pathogens appears to be justified.

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