Effect of Superheated Steam Roasting on the Phenolic Antioxidant Properties of Cocoa Beans

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1932-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahidu Zzaman ◽  
R. Bhat ◽  
Tajul A. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidant ◽  
Cocoa Beans

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and FTIR Characterization of High-Molecular Weight Melanoidin Fractions from Different Types of Cocoa Beans

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oracz ◽  
Zyzelewicz
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Molecular Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Different Types

Melanoidins from real foods and model systems have received considerable interest due to potential health benefits. However, due to the complexity of these compounds, to date, the exact structure of melanoidins and mechanism involved in their biological activity has not been fully elucidated. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the total phenolic content, antioxidant properties, and structural characteristics of high-molecular weight (HMW) melanoidin fractions isolated by dialysis (>12.4 kDa) from raw and roasted cocoa beans of Criollo, Forastero, and Trinitario beans cultivated in various area. In vitro antioxidant properties of all studied HMW cocoa fractions were evaluated by four different assays, namely free radical scavenging activity against DPPH● and ABTS●+ radicals, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and metal-chelating ability. Additionally, the structure–activity relationship of isolated HMW melanoidin fractions were analyzed using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The results show that roasting at a temperature of 150 °C and a relative air humidity of 0.3% effectively enhances the total phenolics content and the antioxidant potential of almost all HMW cocoa melanoidin fractions. The ATR-FTIR analysis revealed that the various mechanisms of action of HMW melanoidins isolates of different types of cocoa beans related to their structural diversity. Consequently, the results clearly demonstrated that HMW cocoa fractions isolated from cocoa beans (especially those of Criollo variety) roasted at higher temperatures with the lower relative humidity of air possess high antioxidant properties in vitro.

COLOUR AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF COCOA BEANS FROM PODS STORAGE AND FERMENTATION USING SHALLOW BOX

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-307
Author(s):  
Khairul Bariah Sulaiman ◽  
◽  
Tajul Aris Yang ◽  
Fazilah Ariffin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Cocoa Beans

scholarly journals Effect of Post-Harvest Preservation and Extraction Methods on Antioxidant Properties of Alternanthera Sessilis Red

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.14) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Syafiqah Shaharuddin ◽  
Azizah Othman ◽  
Wan Nor I’zzah Wan Mohd Zain
Keyword(s):  
Superheated Steam ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Superheated Steam Drying ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction ◽  
Steam Drying

Herbs with antioxidant properties are usually preserved and extracted before being converted into commercial products. The main focus of this study was to determine the effect of preservation of A. sessilis red as well as extraction method on its antioxidant properties. A. sessilis red was preserved using two different methods; freeze drying and superheated steam drying, followed by extraction with 70% ethanol using conventional extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction. Drying in the superheated steam oven displayed shorter drying period of 1 hour compared to freeze drying (several days). Combination of superheated steam drying and ultrasonic-assisted extraction showed the highest extraction yields (12.99%). Results showed that superheated steam drying and ultrasonic-assisted extraction displayed an increase in the total phenolic content. In terms of antioxidant capacity, A. sessilis extracts obtained from superheated steam drying has higher radical scavenging activity (72.39% - 76.70%) than those freeze-dried (60.68% - 65.33%). Meanwhile, ultrasonic-assisted extraction had negatively impacted the radical scavenging activity of the extracts due to the formation of free radicals that are related to acoustic cavitation. As for ferric reducing antioxidant power, both superheated steam drying and ultrasonic assisted extraction yielded extracts with greater capacity. Present result shows that the combination of superheated steam drying and ultrasonic-assisted extraction enhanced total phenolic content by 60% and improved antioxidant activity based on ferric reducing antioxidant power assay 

scholarly journals Extraction, separation, and evaluation of antioxidant effect of the different fractions of polyphenols from cocoa beans

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Sergio M. Pico-Hernández ◽  
Cristian J. Murillo-Méndez ◽  
Luis J. López-Giraldo
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Extraction And Separation ◽  
Extraction Separation ◽  
Cubic Model ◽  
Ultrasound Bath ◽  
Solid Liquid

Polyphenol Extracts (PE) hold antioxidant properties, which might be related to positive effects on human health. It has been stated that PE, obtained from cocoa beans, contain fractions of flavan-3-ols with different degrees of polymerization (DP). However, it is unknown which of the fractions or their mixture drives the best antioxidant activity. This paper reports the study conducted to elucidate the role of each fraction (with different DP) on Antioxidant Capacity (AC). First, the process of extraction and separation of polyphenols’ fractions in cocoa beans was executed; afterward, AC was determined for each fraction individually and their combinations (monomers, dimers and oligomers). Solid-liquid extraction was made by using a 50% (v/v) ethanol solution and a mass:solvent ratio of 1:120 in an ultrasound bath. PE were separated into monomers, dimers, and oligomers by HPLC using a semipreparative column. The results obtained show that PE contain 95.35, 7.45, and 21.75 mg EE (epicatechin equivalents) / g ds of monomers, dimers, and oligomers, respectively. Finally, the AC of each fraction  was evaluated using a complete cubic model mix design. According to the results, the best AC was obtained for dimers. However, when monomers, dimers and oligomers were mixed, an antagonistic effect on AC was observed.

scholarly journals Study of Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Properties of Various Mix of Chocolate Milk Masses with Different Protein Content

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogumiła Urbańska ◽  
Tomasz Szafrański ◽  
Hanna Kowalska ◽  
Jolanta Kowalska
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Chocolate Milk ◽  
Polyphenol Content ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Total Polyphenols ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
The Masses

The aim of the study was to analyze the antioxidant character of conched chocolate milk masses, taking into account different protein content in milk. For the study, cocoa liquor obtained from roasted and unroasted cocoa beans from different regions, as well as milk powder obtained by spray and cylindrical drying were used. The analysis that was carried out showed that the protein content of powdered milk products ranged from about 11.6% (w/w) to over 31% (w/w). Lower content of polyphenols and lower antioxidant activity were shown in the masses to which the addition of milk with higher protein content was applied. The analysis of antioxidant character of chocolate milk masses showed higher total polyphenols content in masses prepared from unroasted cocoa beans liquor.

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