Technological potential of the use of ultrasound and freeze concentration in Fuyu persimmon juice

The problems of multifold increase of technological potential of developing countries are considered in the article. To solve them, i.e. to organize effectively tapping into global knowledge and their absorption, the performance of two diffusion channels is considered: open knowledge transfer and commercial knowledge transfer. The models of technological catching-up are investigated. Two of them are found to give an opportunity of effective use of international competition and global technology knowledge as a driver of technology development.

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SEPARATION OF POLLUTANTS FROM WATER USING THE FREEZE - CONCENTRATION PROCESS

Environmental Engineering and Management Journal ◽

10.30638/eemj.2011.136 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 955-958 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shunitz Tanaka ◽

Yingjie Dai ◽

Ying Zhang ◽

Baiyin Liu ◽

Masahiro Teduka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Concentration Process ◽

Freeze Concentration

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Evaluation of the Technological Potential of Grape Peels Through Patent Document Analysis: Agro-industrial Waste with Biotechnological Potential

Recent Patents on Nanotechnology ◽

10.2174/1872210514999200730172649 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

Author(s):

Euzelia Lima de Souza ◽

Ingrid Lessa Leal ◽

Marcelo Andres Umsza-Guez ◽

Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado

Keyword(s):

Waste Product ◽

The United States ◽

Industrial Applications ◽

Natural Form ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Research Technology ◽

Technological Potential ◽

Promising Area ◽

Patent Documents ◽

Grape Peel

Background: Grape (Vitis viniferaL.) is consumed by old world populations in its natural form and is used to produce wine or juice. Currently, China is the largest grape producer in the world. The red grapes stand out because of their phytochemical composition, more specifically their high resveratrol levels. Resveratrol is a compound that has a number of different beneficial effects on health and is mainly used in the food and cosmetic industries. Grape peel is a waste product and new strategies based on nanotechnology can minimize its environmental impact and add value to this residue. Objectives: The first objective of this study was to evaluate the technological potential of utilizing grape peel by researching and analyzing information extracted from patent documents filed worldwide in order to identify the main countries that hold the research technology, the main depositors and inventors, and the main areas of application. The second aim was to research and investigate grape peel products that have been created using nanotechnology. Methods: An analysis of all patented documents related to grape peel processes, products, or different industrial applications that may use nanotechnology was carried out. This was achieved by undertaking a Derwent Innovation Index (DII) database search. Results: A total of 752 patent documents were identified in the surveyed area. These were assessed for depositor country of origin, type of depositor, inventors, evolution of deposits over time, and areas of application. Only 6% of the total represented products and processes in the nanotechnology area. There was a growth in the number of patent filings from 2015, which showed that the researched area is a current and developing technology with new application possibilities. The main depositing countries were China, the United States, and Japan, which dominate the researched technology. The identified documents discussed using grape peel to develop new food, medical and dental products. Conclusion: Over the last few years, different approaches have been suggested for the production of nanoproducts based on grape peel. The results from this study showed that although incipient, nanotechnology is a promising area of research that can be explored by universities and companies because the products could have significant positive characteristics and, even though they are made out of a byproduct, have great application potential.

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The Relevance of Old World Archaeology to the First Entry of Man into New Worlds: Colonization Seen from the Antipodes

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/0033-5894(77)90060-6 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 128-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Sylvia J. Hallam

Keyword(s):

Demographic Data ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

The North ◽

Technological Potential ◽

The Pacific ◽

Peopling Of The Americas ◽

Rapid Spread ◽

History Of ◽

Economic Innovation ◽

Considerable Complexity

Following several discussions in recent numbers of Quaternary Research on the peopling of the Americas, this paper suggests that movements into the New World should be viewed in the wider context of subsistence, technology, and movement around the western littorals of the Pacific, resulting in the colonization not of one but of two new continents by men out of Asia. Specific points which have been raised by these recent papers are reviewed in the light of Australian, Wallacian, and East Asian data.(1) The earliness of watercraft is evidenced by chronology of the human diaspora through Wallacia and Greater Australia.(2) The simplistic nomenclature of chopper-flake traditions masks considerable complexity and technological potential, revealed in detailed Antipodean studies.(3) These traditions also have great potential for adapting to differing ecological zones, evidenced within Greater Australia; and for technological and economic innovation there, through Southeast Asia, and to Japan and the north Asian littoral.(4) The history of discovery and the nature of the evidence from Australia cannot validly be used to controvert early dates in the Americas.(5) Demographic data from Australia suggest that total commitment to a rapid-spread “bowwave” model for the peopling of new continents may be unwise.

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Freeze concentration of dilute aqueous solution

BUNSEKI KAGAKU ◽

10.2116/bunsekikagaku.17.354 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 354-355 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Atsushi MIZUIKE ◽

Shigeki KANO

Keyword(s):

Aqueous Solution ◽

Freeze Concentration ◽

Dilute Aqueous Solution

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Gate Control of Superconductivity in Mesoscopic All-Metallic Devices

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14051243 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (5) ◽

pp. 1243

Author(s):

Claudio Puglia ◽

Giorgio De Simoni ◽

Francesco Giazotto

Keyword(s):

Probability Distributions ◽

Superconducting Properties ◽

Microscopic Mechanism ◽

Technological Potential ◽

Half Wave ◽

Thermal Origin ◽

Gate Control ◽

Titanium Wire ◽

Field Emission Of Electrons ◽

Gating Effect

The possibility to tune, through the application of a control gate voltage, the superconducting properties of mesoscopic devices based on Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer metals was recently demonstrated. Despite the extensive experimental evidence obtained on different materials and geometries, a description of the microscopic mechanism at the basis of such an unconventional effect has not been provided yet. This work discusses the technological potential of gate control of superconductivity in metallic superconductors and revises the experimental results, which provide information regarding a possible thermal origin of the effect: first, we review experiments performed on high-critical-temperature elemental superconductors (niobium and vanadium) and show how devices based on these materials can be exploited to realize basic electronic tools, such as a half-wave rectifier. Second, we discuss the origin of the gating effect by showing gate-driven suppression of the supercurrent in a suspended titanium wire and by providing a comparison between thermal and electric switching current probability distributions. Furthermore, we discuss the cold field-emission of electrons from the gate employing finite element simulations and compare the results with experimental data. In our view, the presented data provide a strong indication regarding the unlikelihood of the thermal origin of the gating effect.

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Advances in Cryochemistry: Mechanisms, Reactions and Applications

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26030750 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 750

Author(s):

Lu-Yan An ◽

Zhen Dai ◽

Bin Di ◽

Li-Li Xu

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Chemical Reactions ◽

Common Sense ◽

Reaction Rate ◽

Concentration Effect ◽

Biological Products ◽

Freeze Concentration ◽

New Strategy ◽

The 1960S

It is counterintuitive that chemical reactions can be accelerated by freezing, but this amazing phenomenon was discovered as early as the 1960s. In frozen systems, the increase in reaction rate is caused by various mechanisms and the freeze concentration effect is the main reason for the observed acceleration. Some accelerated reactions have great application value in the chemistry synthesis and environmental fields; at the same time, certain reactions accelerated at low temperature during the storage of food, medicine, and biological products should cause concern. The study of reactions accelerated by freezing will overturn common sense and provide a new strategy for researchers in the chemistry field. In this review, we mainly introduce various mechanisms for accelerating reactions induced by freezing and summarize a variety of accelerated cryochemical reactions and their applications.

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Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida-type interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in heavy metal/ferromagnet heterostructures

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-23586-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Taehyun Kim ◽

In Ho Cha ◽

Yong Jin Kim ◽

Gyu Won Kim ◽

Andrey Stashkevich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Exchange Coupling ◽

Spin Orbit Coupling ◽

Conduction Electrons ◽

Indirect Exchange ◽

Metal Atoms ◽

Technological Potential ◽

Interfacial Modification ◽

Coupling Phenomena ◽

Moriya Interaction

AbstractThe manipulation of magnetization with interfacial modification using various spin-orbit coupling phenomena has been recently revisited due to its scientific and technological potential for next-generation memory devices. Herein, we experimentally and theoretically demonstrate the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction characteristics penetrating through a MgO dielectric layer inserted between the Pt and CoFeSiB. The inserted MgO layer seems to function as a chiral exchange interaction mediator of the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction from the heavy metal atoms to ferromagnet ones. The potential physical mechanism of the anti-symmetric exchange is based on the tunneling-like behavior of conduction electrons through the semi-conductor-like ultrathin MgO. Such behavior can be correlated with the oscillations of the indirect exchange coupling of the Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida type. From the theoretical demonstration, we could provide approximate estimation and show qualitative trends peculiar to the system under investigation.

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