A Simple and Accurate Resistance Identification Method of Rice to Neck Blast Disease In Vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 164 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 936-945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Lan ◽  
Ying-Qing Yang ◽  
Hong-Fan Chen ◽  
Jun-Xi Jiang ◽  
Xiang-Min Li
Keyword(s):  
Blast Disease ◽  
Identification Method ◽  
Neck Blast

scholarly journals ANTIFUNGAL POTENTIAL OF ETHANOL EXTRACTS OF ALLIUM SATIVUM AND ALLIUM AMPELOPRASUM

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Shahid Khan ◽  
Neeta Raj Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Allium Ampeloprasum ◽  
Antifungal Potential ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Objective: In vitro analysis of Allium sativum and Allium ampeloprasum was performed to evaluate their antifungal potential against Alternaria triticina (ITCC 5496), causative agent of leaf blight in wheat and Magnaporthe oryzae (ITCC 6808), causative agent of blast disease in rice.Methods: Ethanol extracts of A. ampeloprasum and A. sativum were prepared by crushing their bulb in liquid nitrogen and then immersing them in 90% ethanol and 100% ethanol separately. The antifungal activity test was determined by quantitative assay using 96-well microtiter plate and results were statistically analyzed using GraphPad Prism v. 5.03.Results: A. triticina and M. oryzae showed above 90% and 95% growth inhibition, respectively against the ethanol extracts of A. ampeloprasum. Conversely, growth inhibition of either fungus remained mostly below 35% against ethanol extracts of A. sativum at all tested concentrations.Conclusion: Ethanol extracts of A. ampeloprasum have relatively higher antifungal potential than ethanol extracts of A. sativum and could be considered as a natural alternative to chemical fungicides.Keywords: Allium sativum, Allium ampeloprasum, Alternaria triticina, Magnaporthe oryzae.

In vitro evaluation of bio-agents against Pyricularia oryzae (Cav.) causing rice blast disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Kumar Kulmitra ◽  
Neha Sahu ◽  
V.B. Sanath Kumar ◽  
Thejesha A. G. ◽  
Amlan Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Dual Culture

The five different bio-agents viz., Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, T. virens, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis were evaluated against Pyricularia oryzae at four and eight days after incubation through dual culture technique. Among the five different bio-agents, highest per cent inhibition of mycelial growth of fungus was recorded in T. virens i.e. 67 per cent and 70 percent after four and eight days after incubation respectively with mean of 68.5 per cent followed by Trichoderma viride with the inhibition of 61 and 63 per cent respectively with mean of 62 per cent. The Pseudomonas fluorescens did not show any inhibition of mycelial growth of P. oryzae as the pathogen over grew the bio-agents.

scholarly journals Structural basis of pathogen recognition by an integrated HMA domain in a plant NLR immune receptor

eLife ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Maqbool ◽  
H Saitoh ◽  
M Franceschetti ◽  
CEM Stevenson ◽  
A Uemura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Immune Receptor ◽  
Immune Receptors ◽  
Direct Recognition

Plants have evolved intracellular immune receptors to detect pathogen proteins known as effectors. How these immune receptors detect effectors remains poorly understood. Here we describe the structural basis for direct recognition of AVR-Pik, an effector from the rice blast pathogen, by the rice intracellular NLR immune receptor Pik. AVR-PikD binds a dimer of the Pikp-1 HMA integrated domain with nanomolar affinity. The crystal structure of the Pikp-HMA/AVR-PikD complex enabled design of mutations to alter protein interaction in yeast and in vitro, and perturb effector-mediated response both in a rice cultivar containing Pikp and upon expression of AVR-PikD and Pikp in the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana. These data reveal the molecular details of a recognition event, mediated by a novel integrated domain in an NLR, which initiates a plant immune response and resistance to rice blast disease. Such studies underpin novel opportunities for engineering disease resistance to plant pathogens in staple food crops.

scholarly journals Evaluation in vitro du potentiel antagoniste de Trichoderma harzianum du Burkina Faso contre Magnaporthe grisea, l’agent causal de la pyriculariose du riz, isolées au Mali

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3053-3065
Author(s):  
Yaya Kone ◽  
Tobdem Gaston Dabire ◽  
Hamadoun Amadou ◽  
Irénée Somda
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Magnaporthe Grisea ◽  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Variétés Résistantes ◽  
Antagonistic Potential ◽  
Risques Sanitaires

Magnaporthe grisea, pathogène du riz est cosmopolite et cause d’énormes dégâts au Mali. L’utilisation de variétés résistantes et de fongicides chimiques sont efficaces pour son contrôle, mais présentent des limites objectives avec le contournement des gènes de résistances par l’agent pathogène, ainsi que les risques sanitaires et environnementaux que présentent les fongicides. Avec cette information de base, cette étude s’est proposée de développer une stratégie de lutte biologique utilisant des antagonismes naturels afin de contrôler M. grisea. Dix souches de M. grisea du Mali ont été caractérisées morphologiquement et moléculairement pour confirmer leurs identité et variabilité. L’action antagoniste in vitro de 05 souches de T. harzianum a été évaluée sur ces souches pathogènes. M. grisea et T. harzianum ont ainsi été mises en confrontation directe dans des boites de Petri pendant 06 jours. Les croissances radiales du pathogène ont été évaluées et les coefficients d’antagonisme calculés. L’analyse moléculaire a indiqué que toutes les souches appartiennent à M. grisea et présentent de fortes homologies avec les souches de références du NCBI. L’analyse des séquences a indiqué trois groupes légèrement distingués. Toutes les souches de T. harzianum ont inhibé la croissance du pathogène avec des coefficients d’antagonisme compris entre 0,50 et 0,78.Mots clés: Riz, Magnaporthe grisea, In vitro, Trichoderma harzianum, antagonisme. English Title: In vitro evaluation of the antagonistic potential of Trichoderma harzianum from Burkina Faso against Magnaporthe grisea, the causative agent of rice blast disease, isolated in MaliMagnaporthe grisea, a rice pathogen, is cosmopolitan and causes enormous damage in Mali. The use of resistance cultivars and chemical fungicide are generally effective control methods. However, the durability of genetic resistance is often short-lived because of the pathogen’s ability to rapidly evolve to overcome resistance gene, and then environmental and toxicity threat of chemicals employment. With this basic information, this study proposed to develop an alternative strategy to control M. grisea with T. harzianum. M. grisea from Mali has been characterized morphologically and molecularly to confirm their identity and variability. The in vitro antagonistic action of 05 strains of T. harzianum was tested. M. grisea and T. harzianum were thus confronted with a direct confrontation in the Petri dishes during 06 days. The radial growths of the pathogen were evaluated and the coefficients of antagonism calculated. Molecular analysis with all strains corresponds to M. grisea and strong assertions with NCBI reference strains. Sequence analysis indicated three slightly distinguished groups. T. harzianum strains inhibited growth of the pathogen with antagonistic coefficients between 0.50 and 0.78.Keywords: Rice, Magnaporthe grisea, In vitro, Trichoderma harzianum, antagonism

scholarly journals Reaction of Different Rice Lines Against Leaf and Neck Blast under Field Condition Of Chitwan Valley

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
KD Puri ◽  
SM Shrestha ◽  
KD Joshi ◽  
GB KC
Keyword(s):  
Field Condition ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Pyricularia Grisea ◽  
Leaf Blast ◽  
Neck Blast ◽  
Chitwan Valley ◽  
Moderately Resistant

The severity of the rice blast disease (Pyricularia grisea) of both leaf and neck varies with different environment and it becomes destructive under favorable condition. The leaf and neck blast resistance and susceptible interaction of 30 different tropical rice lines were evaluated under low-, mid- and up-land conditions of Chitwan district and classified on the basis of disease severity with respect to susceptible check, Masuli. Of them, 5, 10, 12 and 3 rice lines were resistant to leaf blast, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible susceptible, respectively. Similarly, for the neck blast nine lines were resistant, thirteen moderately resistant, seven moderately susceptible and one was susceptible. The progenies from Masuli/MT4 had the highest leaf and neck blast susceptible reaction, while the most of progenies from IPB (Irradiated Pusa Basmati), KalinghaIII_IR64, Radha 32_ KIII and Masuli_IR64 were resistant, and the most promising sources against leaf and neck blast resistance. Therefore, the progenies from these parents can be used in breeding the resistant variety. Key words: Pyricularia grisea, resistance, rice lines J. Inst. Agric. Anim. Sci. 27:37-44 (2006)

Mikroorganisma Antagonis Sebagai Kawalan Biologi Penyakit Utama Padi

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allicia Jack ◽  
Kogeethavani Ramachandran
Keyword(s):  
Paenibacillus Polymyxa ◽  
Gene Bank ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Rice Soils ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence Analysis ◽  
Fungal Isolates

In present study, 26 microbes consisted of 11 fungal isolates and 16 bacterial isolates were screened against blast disease pathogen (Pyricularia oryzae). All isolates were screened in vitro via dual culture bioassay. All fungal isolates collected were isolated from aerobic rice soils and the endophyic bacteria were isolated from the stem of healthy rice plants. Five isolates have been identified to be potential biocontrol agents as they recorded high PIRG (percentage inhibition of radial growth) values of more than 80%. Two isolates were identified as Trichoderma (F15 and F16) while the rest of them were bacteria isolates (I5, I6 and I16). 16S rDNA sequence analysis results showed that all three bacterial isolates were 100% similar to Paenibacillus polymyxa (Gene Bank assession number:  GU332610.1).

scholarly journals PAF104, a Synthetic Peptide to Control Rice Blast Disease by Blocking Appressorium Formation in Magnaporthe oryzae

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1407-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aarón Rebollar ◽  
Belén López-García
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Synthetic Peptide ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Appressorium Formation ◽  
Hydrophobic Surfaces

Magnaporthe oryzae is the most devastating pathogen of rice and the main cause of crop losses worldwide. The successful management of blast disease caused by this fungus is a clear necessity. The synthetic peptide PAF104 has been characterized by its inhibition of M. oryzae appressorium formation on hydrophobic surfaces. Growth and the ability of conidia to germinate was not affected by PAF104, indicating the lack of toxicity on fungal conidia. The addition of the cutin monomer 1,16-hexadecanediol does not interfere with the inhibitory effect of PAF104 on in vitro hydrophobic surfaces. On the other hand, inhibition of appressorium formation by PAF104 was nullified by the exogenous addition of cAMP. Our results suggest that PAF104 affects the Pmk1 pathway by repression of the gene expression of MoMSB2, which encodes a sensing surface protein, and the mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase kinase MST11. The pathogenicity of M. oryzae was reduced after PAF104 treatment specifically blocking appressorium formation. Our results support PAF104 as a promising compound to control rice blast disease by blocking a specific target related to appressorium formation, a process essential for infection of rice leaves. Moreover, PAF104 is proposed as a lead compound to develop novel specific fungicides with improved properties.

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