In vitro evaluation of bio-agents against Pyricularia oryzae (Cav.) causing rice blast disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhilesh Kumar Kulmitra ◽  
Neha Sahu ◽  
V.B. Sanath Kumar ◽  
Thejesha A. G. ◽  
Amlan Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Dual Culture

The five different bio-agents viz., Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, T. virens, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis were evaluated against Pyricularia oryzae at four and eight days after incubation through dual culture technique. Among the five different bio-agents, highest per cent inhibition of mycelial growth of fungus was recorded in T. virens i.e. 67 per cent and 70 percent after four and eight days after incubation respectively with mean of 68.5 per cent followed by Trichoderma viride with the inhibition of 61 and 63 per cent respectively with mean of 62 per cent. The Pseudomonas fluorescens did not show any inhibition of mycelial growth of P. oryzae as the pathogen over grew the bio-agents.

Effects of Trichoderma Species on the Growth of Fusarium Verticillioides

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-425
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Sanjeev Kumar ◽  
Balkishan Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Fusarium Verticillioides ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Virens ◽  
Trichoderma Species

Six biocontrol treatments viz., Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma harzianum, T. harzianum + T. viride, T. harzianum + T. virens and T. viride + T. virens were evaluated to test the antagonism against Fusarium verticillioides under in vitro conditions. The maximum growth inhibition (90.6%) was recorded in consortium of T. harzianum + T. viride in dual culture technique . The volatile and non volatile compounds from the consortium of T. harzianum + T. viride also found best and suppressed the mycelial growth of F. verticillioides to the tune of 83.90 and 84.61 %, respectively. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(2): 423-425, 2021 (June)

scholarly journals Suppression of Stem-End Rot on Avocado Fruit Using Trichoderma spp. in the Central Highlands of Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
E. K. Wanjiku ◽  
J. W. Waceke ◽  
J. N. Mbaka
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Postharvest Diseases ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Lasiodiplodia Theobromae

Demand for organic avocado fruits, together with stringent food safety standards in the global market, has made producers to use alternative, safe, and consumer-friendly strategies of controlling the postharvest fungal disease of avocado fruits. This study assessed the in vitro efficacy of Trichoderma spp. (T. atroviride, T. virens, T. asperellum, and T. harzianum) against isolated avocado stem-end rot (SER) fungal pathogens (Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Neofusicoccum parvum, Nectria pseudotrichia, and Fusarium solani) using a dual culture technique. The Trichoderma spp. were also evaluated singly on postharvest “Hass” avocado fruits. Spore suspension at 5 × 104 conidial/ml of the Trichoderma spp. was applied on the avocado fruits at three time points, twenty-four hours before the fungal pathogen (preinoculation), at the same time as the fungal pathogen (concurrent inoculation), and 24 hours after the fungal pathogen (postinoculation). In the in vitro study, T. atroviride showed the highest mycelial growth inhibition against N. parvum (48%), N. pseudotrichia (55%), and F. solani (32.95%), while T. harzianum had the highest mycelial growth inhibition against L. theobromae. Trichoderma asperellum was the least effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of all the pathogens. Similarly, T. virens showed the highest mycelial growth inhibition against N. pseudotrichia at 45% inhibition. On postharvest “Hass” fruits, T. atroviride showed the highest efficacy against N. parvum, N. pseudotrichia, and F. solani in all the applications. Trichoderma virens and T. harzianum were most effective against all the pathogens during postinoculation, while Lasiodiplodia theobromae was best controlled by T. virens, T. harzianum, and T. asperellum during postinoculation. Both T. atroviride and T. harzianum present a potential alternative to synthetic fungicides against postharvest diseases of avocado fruits, and further tests under field conditions to be done to validate their efficacy. The possibility of using Trichoderma spp. in the management of SER on avocado fruits at a commercial level should also be explored.

Evaluation of Pseudomonas fluorescens Strains, Fungicides and Non-conventional Chemicals Against Botyrotinia ricini Causing Grey Mold Disease in Castor

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-347
Author(s):  
S. Ameer Basha ◽  
◽  
V. Ramya ◽  
A. Sajeli Begum ◽  
G. Raghavendra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Integrated Disease Management ◽  
Grey Mold ◽  
Time Periods

A study was made to evaluate the efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens strains, fungicides and non-conventional chemicals against Botryotinia ricini, causing grey mold disease in castor, under in vitro conditions. Among the 40 strains isolated from rhizosphere soil samples of different crops across the State of Telangana, India, only eight strains inhibited the growth of B. ricini under dual culture technique, of which strains Pf 21 (90.56%), Pf 23 (88.89%), Pf 34 (86.11%) and Pf 36 (84.17%) were the most effective. Among the seven chemicals (four fungicides and three non-conventional chemicals) tested for their efficacy, carbendazim followed by propiconazole had significant antagonistic effect against B. ricini. Exposure of healthy castor capsules to B. ricini and P. fluorescens for different time periods revealed that strains Pf 34 and Pf 36 were effective in completely inhibiting the growth of B. ricini and hence these two strains have been identified as effective biocontrol agents, on par with carbendazim, which offer scope for sustainable and integrated disease management of grey mold disease in castor.

scholarly journals Biocontrol Potential of Endophytic Bacteria Isolated from Healthy Rice Plant against Rice Blast Disease (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitri Widiantini ◽  
Andri Herdiansyah ◽  
Endah Yulia
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Biocontrol Activity ◽  
Dual Culture Assay ◽  
Biocontrol Potential

Isolation was attempted to collect endophytic bacteria as potential biocontrol agents against rice blast disease (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.). The disease is one of major threats in rice production as it can cause 100% yield loss. Concern on the environment and human health has led to the searching of alternative controlling method to replace the commonly used pesticide-based method. Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that have intimate relationship with their host without inducing any pathogenic symptom. The use of endophytic microbial as biocontrol agent has its own advantages as the microbes are more easily to adapt to the environment needed by the host plant. We evaluated endophytic bacteria isolated from healthy rice plants and tested for their potential biocontrol activity using dual culture assay. Ten isolates were found to inhibit the growth of P. oryzae of more than 50%. Microscopic observation showed that they were able to cause the mycelia malformation of P. oryzae. Further work is currently in progress to determine their effectiveness in the pot trial. Keywords: Endophytic bacteria; Pyricularia oryzae; biocontrol.

scholarly journals IN VITRO EFFICACY OF PGPR PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS AGAINST FUSARIUM WILT OF TOMATO CAUSED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F.SP. LYCOPERSICI

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Vignesh ◽  
K. Rajamohan ◽  
P. Balabaskar ◽  
R. Anandan
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Percent Inhibition

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most important, commercial and widely grown vegetable crop in the world. Tomato plays a critical role in nutritional food requirements, income and employment opportunities for the people. However, its production is threatened by the Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici and production losses between 30%to40%. In the present investigation an attempt has been made to study the in vitro efficacy of Pseudomonas fluorescens against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. The antagonistic effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens were observed by the Dual culture technique and Agarwell method under the in vitro conditions.Among the ten isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens, isolate Pf5 found to show the maximum percent inhibition over control (58.75%) and least mycelial growth (37.12mm) in dual culture technique against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. In Agar well method isolate Pf5 proved out the maximum inhibition zone (17.47mm)against Fusarium oxysporumf.sp. lycopersici and percent inhibition over control (80.97%) at 30% concentration level.

scholarly journals Rice Blast in Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-300
Author(s):  
Lii-Jang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Pyricularia Oryzae ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests

Rice blast, which had not been observed during the last six decades in Puerto Rico, reappeared recently in Manatí and in the Gurabo Substation, affecting Brazos, a cultivar introduced from Texas. Pathogenicity tests, as well as studies on the conidial morphology, showed that the fungus isolated from typical blast lesions is Pyricularia oryzae Cav. The physiology of the fungus and its sporulation on various media also were studied. The optimum temperature range, both for mycelial growth and for germination of conidia, was found to be between 24 to 28° C. Sporulation occurred satisfactorily on potato-dextrose agar enriched with coconut milk, and on steamed corn and barley, and rice-straw-decoction agars. In vitro tests with fungicides benomyl, pentachloronitrobenzene, mancozeb, chloroneb, and captan indicated that the first two compounds are the most effective in inhibiting mycelial growth of P. oryzae.

scholarly journals Mass screening of Trichoderma spp. for their antagonism against some plant pathogenic oomycetes fungi

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 813-817
Author(s):  
Erayya SL ◽  
Nandani Shukla ◽  
Kahkashan Arzoo ◽  
J. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Potato Research ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Maximum Reduction ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Th 1

In vitro efficacy of twenty five Trichoderma isolates (twenty were TCMS series viz., TCMS 2, 4, 5, 12, 14a, 14b, 15, 16, 24, 32, 34, 36, 43, 60, 62, 64, 65, 72, 85 and 93, and five Th series; Th 1, 3, 14, 19 and 32) were ascertained for their antagonistic activity against few major plant pathogenic oomycetes namely, Phytophthora infestans, P. parasitica and Pythium aphenidermatum using dual culture technique. P. infestans was isolated from infected potato leaves and Pythium aphenidermatum from infected brinjal. P. parasitica culture was collected from Central Potato Research Institute (CPRI), Simla. The present study was conducted at Biological Control Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar. All the 25 Trichodrma isolates were found significantly effective against the test pathogens. TCMS-36 and TCMS-72 were found highly effective against P. aphinidermatum with 59.57 per cent inhibition of radial growth of the fungus. Maximum reduction in mycelial growth of P. infestans was recorded with isolate TCMS-64 (60.40%) followed by TCMS-65 (59.41%), TCMS-34 (58.42%), TCMS-24, TCMS-43 and TCMS-93 with 57.43 per cent inhibition. While, maximum inhibition of P. parasitica was recorded with TCMS-4 (92.75%) followed by TCMS-36 (92.23%), TCMS-2 (91.71%), TCMS-14a (91.17%) and TCMS-32 (90.67%). The selected potential isolates may be applied to sustainable and eco-friendly management of many major crop diseases caused by the oomycetes and other fungi.

scholarly journals Antagonism of Pseudomonas fluorescens from plant roots to Rigidoporus lignosus pathogen of rubber white roots in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
NURHAYATI DAMIRI ◽  
MULAWARMAN MULAWARMAN ◽  
RAHIM S EFFENDI
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Antagonistic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Rigidoporus Lignosus ◽  
Roots In Vitro

Abstract. Damiri N, Mulawarman, Effendi RS. 2019. Antagonism of Pseudomonas fluorescens from plant roots to Rigidoporus lignosus pathogen of rubber white roots in vitro. Biodiversitas 20: 1549-1554. Indonesia's rubber productivity is still relatively low. This low productivity of rubber can be caused by many factors such as the attack of Rigidoporus lignosus. This study aims to explore antagonistic bacteria from the plant roots and test their antagonism ability to R. lignosus at the laboratory level. This research was conducted at the Laboratory at the Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya Ogan Ilir District, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Corporate and bacterial isolations are carried out by serial dilution method. In-vitro testing of antagonistic bacteria was carried out using the dual-culture technique method on sterile PDA media by direct opposition between R. lignosus culture and antagonistic bacteria explored. Results of the study showed that a number of bacterial isolates existed there, namely 11 bacterial isolates belonging to Pseudomonas fluorescens, four from turmeric roots, three from the roots of rubber seedlings, two from galangal roots and two from the roots of yielding rubber plants. P. fluorescens from roots of turmeric, rubber seedlings, rubber, and galangal was able and had the potential to be developed as biopesticide to control R. lignosus. The best isolate in suppressing the growth and development of R. ligonosus is P. fluorescens isolates from the roots of turmeric and those of rubber seedlings (isolates of C, B, and G).

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