scholarly journals Efficacy of empiric antibiotic treatment of late‐onset neonatal sepsis caused by Enterobacteriaceae : A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice B Akselsen ◽  
Chirag C Sheth ◽  
Veronica Veses
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic Treatment

Prolonged empiric antibiotics and time to full enteral feed in preterm infants less than 29 weeks of gestational age

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
M.R. Alturk ◽  
H. Salama ◽  
H. Al Rifai ◽  
M. Al Qubaisi ◽  
S. Alobaidly
Keyword(s):  
Parenteral Nutrition ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Antibiotic Courses

BACKGROUND: Early empiric antibiotic exposure appears to negatively influence feeding tolerance in preterm infants. However, the effect of prolonged antibiotic treatment is unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate whether prolonged antibiotics impact the time to full enteral feed in infants less than 29 weeks of gestational age with negative blood cultures. METHODS: Retrospective data for infants less than 29 weeks gestation age were retrieved from the PEARL-Peristat perinatal registry in Qatar. Exclusion criteria were major congenital anomalies, conditions requiring surgery in the first 10 days of life, positive blood cultures in the first 48 hours of life, and death within the first week of life. Antibiotic courses were categorized as prolonged if continued more than 48 hours. The primary outcome was the duration of total parenteral nutrition. RESULTS: Of 199 study infants, 185 (92.9%) underwent antibiotic treatment for >  48 hours despite negative blood cultures. The median duration of parenteral nutrition was not significantly different between the prolonged and short antibiotic groups (25 and 22 days, respectively; p = 0.139). Infants with prolonged antibiotic courses experienced non-significantly higher levels of necrotizing enterocolitis (7.1% and 18.4%, respectively), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (28.6% and 45.4%, respectively), and retinopathy of prematurity (14.3% and 38.4%, respectively). There were no differences in the late-onset sepsis rate (78.6% and 82.1%, respectively) and the in-hospital death rate (7.1% and 7.6%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged antibiotic treatment in infants less than 29 weeks gestation with negative blood cultures has no significant impact on the time to full enteral feed.

scholarly journals Empiric Antibiotic Treatment of Erythema Migrans-Like Skin Lesions As a Function of Geography: A Clinical and Cost Effectiveness Modeling Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 877-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Lantos ◽  
R. Jory Brinkerhoff ◽  
Gary P. Wormser ◽  
Robert Clemen
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Erythema Migrans ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Modeling Study

Empiric Antibiotic Treatment Reduces Mortality in Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock From the First Hour

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1749-1755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricard Ferrer ◽  
Ignacio Martin-Loeches ◽  
Gary Phillips ◽  
Tiffany M. Osborn ◽  
Sean Townsend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Sepsis And Septic Shock

scholarly journals Adherence to International Empiric Antibiotic Treatment Guidelines in a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Mexico City

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Rodríguez-Cervera ◽  
Paulo Francisco Castañeda-Mendez ◽  
Luis Soto-Ramírez ◽  
Lorena Cabrera-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Tertiary Teaching Hospital ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic Treatment

scholarly journals Etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in adults: a systematic review

Pneumonia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Shoar ◽  
Daniel M. Musher
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
English Language ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Coinfection ◽  
The One ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background The etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has evolved since the beginning of the antibiotic era. Recent guidelines encourage immediate empiric antibiotic treatment once a diagnosis of CAP is made. Concerns about treatment recommendations, on the one hand, and antibiotic stewardship, on the other, motivated this review of the medical literature on the etiology of CAP. Methods We conducted a systematic review of English-language literature on the etiology of CAP using methods defined by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We searched PubMed using a combination of the keywords ‘pneumonia’, ‘CAP’, ‘etiology’, ‘microbiology’, ‘bacteriology’, and ‘pathogen’. We examined articles on antibiotics that were develop to treat pneumonia. We reviewed all ‘related articles’ as well as studies referenced by those that came up in the search. After we excluded articles that did not give sufficient microbiological data or failed to meet other predetermined criteria, 146 studies remained. Data were stratified into diagnostic categories according to the microbiologic studies that were done; results are presented as the percentage in each category of all cases in which an etiology was established. Results Streptococcus pneumoniae remains the most common cause of CAP although declining in incidence; this decline has been greater in the US than elsewhere. Haemophilus influenzae is the second most common cause of CAP, followed by Staphylococcus aureus and Gram negative bacilli. The incidence of all bacteria as causes of CAP has declined because, with routine use of PCR for viruses, the denominator, cases with an established etiology, has increased. Viruses were reported on average in about 10% of cases, but recent PCR-based studies identified a respiratory virus in about 30% of cases of CAP, with substantial rates of viral/bacterial coinfection. Conclusion The results of this study justify current guidelines for initial empiric treatment of CAP. With pneumococcus and Haemophilus continuing to predominate, efforts at antibiotic stewardship might be enhanced by greater attention to the routine use of sputum Gram stain and culture. Because viral/bacterial coinfection is relatively common, the identification of a virus by PCR does not, by itself, allow for discontinuation of the antibiotic therapy.

scholarly journals What is the evidence base of used aggregated antibiotic resistance percentages to change empiric antibiotic treatment? A scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Auzin ◽  
Menoeska Spits ◽  
Evelina Tacconelli ◽  
José Rodríguez-Baño ◽  
Marlies Hulscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic Treatment
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