Comprehensiveness of infant formula and bottle feeding resources: A review of information from Australian healthcare organisations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heilok Cheng ◽  
Chris Rossiter ◽  
Donna Size ◽  
Elizabeth Denney‐Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Feeding Resources

Controlling Infant Formula Promotion in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: Barriers to Policy Implementation in the Health Sector

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thanh Son ◽  
Simon Barraclough ◽  
Martha Morrow ◽  
Duong Quang Trung
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Breast Milk Substitutes

Despite the irrefutable evidence of the dangers of bottle feeding and international recommendations for exclusive breastfeeding of young infants, breast milk substitutes are widely used and continue to be promoted. National and international codes to restrict marketing activities of formula companies have had little effect in many countries. Breastfeeding is nearly universally practised in Vietnam, but rarely in accordance with current guidelines for optimal infant outcomes, and infant formula is easily available, especially in large cities, where socio-economic changes linked to transition to a market economy are most visible. Although Vietnam has enacted its own legally binding code, poorly paid health staff remain potential targets for companies wishing to increase sales through inducements. This paper reports findings from a study investigating adherence to the Vietnamese Code and attitudes of a range of health staff to its objectives and provisions in a sample of health facilities. An audit and semi-structured interviews were used to gather data from 22 health facilities in Ho Chi Minh City. Results suggest gifts and inducements are commonplace, awareness of the content of the Code is low, and there is considerable resistance to its provisions, based on financial considerations as well as ambivalence about the merits of breastfeeding. Further investigation to determine prevalence of violations, stricter enforcement of the existing Code, and in-service breastfeeding education are recommended to strengthen breastfeeding promotion in Vietnam.

Educational Intervention to Modify Bottle-feeding Behaviors among Formula-feeding Mothers in the WIC Program: Impact on Infant Formula Intake and Weight Gain

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 244-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine F. Kavanagh ◽  
Roberta J. Cohen ◽  
M. Jane Heinig ◽  
Kathryn G. Dewey
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Formula Feeding ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Feeding Behaviors ◽  
Wic Program ◽  
Program Impact

scholarly journals How Does Feeding Development and Progression onto Solid Foods in PKU Compare with Non-PKU Children During Weaning?

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Evans ◽  
Anne Daly ◽  
Jo Wildgoose ◽  
Barbara Cochrane ◽  
Satnam Chahal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
The Social ◽  
Feeding Skills ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Feeding Development ◽  
Control Study

Weaning is complex for children with phenylketonuria (PKU). Breastmilk/infant formula and phenylalanine (Phe)-free infant protein-substitute (PS) are gradually replaced with equivalent amounts of Phe-containing food, a semi-solid/spoonable weaning PS and special low-protein foods. In PKU, feeding patterns/practices during weaning in PKU have not been formally evaluated. In this longitudinal, prospective, case-control study (n = 20) infants with PKU transitioning to a second-stage PS, were recruited at weaning (4–6 months) for a comparison of feeding practices and development with non-PKU infants. Subjects were monitored monthly to 12 months and at age 15 months, 18 months and 24 months for: feeding progression; food textures; motor skill development and self-feeding; feeding environment; gastrointestinal symptoms; and negative feeding behaviours. Children with PKU had comparable weaning progression to non-PKU infants including texture acceptance, infant formula volume and self-feeding skills. However, children with PKU had more prolonged Phe-free infant formula bottle-feeding and parental spoon feeding than controls; fewer meals/snacks per day; and experienced more flatulence (p = 0.0005), burping (p = 0.001), retching (p = 0.03); and less regurgitation (p = 0.003). Negative behaviours associated with PS at age 10–18 months, coincided with the age of teething. Use of semi-solid PS in PKU supports normal weaning development/progression but parents require support to manage the complexity of feeding and to normalise the social inclusivity of their child’s family food environment. Further study regarding parental anxiety associated with mealtimes is required.

Bottle Feeding and Ideology in Colonial Malaya: The Production of Change

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenore Manderson
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
English Language ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Powdered Milk ◽  
Mixed Regime ◽  
Condensed Milk

Considerable attention has been paid to the correlation between high infant morbidity and mortality rates and the increased incidence of bottle feeding. The shift from prolonged breast feeding to a mixed regime or the exclusive use of sweetened condensed milk or infant formula has been related to the promotional activities of milk companies, and typically has been presented as a relatively recent development in Third World countries. However, the marketing of tinned and powdered milk only partially explains the increased use of these products. In colonial Malaya, condensed milk was marketed from the late 19th century. Infant formula was available from the turn of the century and was widely advertised, first in the English-language press and later also in the vernacular presses. At the same time, other social and cultural factors served to discourage breast feeding. There were changes in ideas regarding ideal body weight for both women and infants, and regarding infant care and diet; these ideas were presented in the mass media. In addition, maternal and child health clinics, established in the 1920s to reduce the high infant mortality rate, both propagated popular beliefs about infant weight and supplied milk and educated women to artificially feed their infants. Industry, the media, and health services all promoted, if not always intentionally, bottle feeding rather than breast feeding. Bottle feeding as an ideal, if not a reality, was thus well established before the intensive promotion of milk products by multinational corporations that followed the political independence of the colony.

Formula and complementary feeding

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Puntis
Keyword(s):  
Infant Formula ◽  
Soy Protein ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Protein Composition ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
International Variation ◽  
Simple Rules ◽  
Nutritional Needs

Some mothers are unable, or choose not, to breastfeed; bottle-feeding carries certain risks that can be minimized by following simple rules. Formula must satisfy all the nutritional needs of an infant and recommendations for the composition of infant formula have been adopted in the Codex Alimentarius. The two main types of formula differ in protein composition (whey or casein predominant). Follow-on formula are designed for infants from 6–12 months of age. Soy protein is an alternative to cow milk protein, but because of its high phytoestrogen content, should not be used before 6 months. Unmodified cow’s milk as the main drink before 12 months of age is associated with iron deficiency. ‘Complementary feeding’ embraces all solid and liquid feeds other than breast milk and infant formula. There is considerable international variation in practice with regard to introduction of complementary feeds, but in general this should not be before 17 weeks, and not after 26 weeks.

Hospital Influences on Early Infant-Feeding Practices

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 872-879
Author(s):  
Michael I. Reiff ◽  
Susan M. Essock-Vitale
Keyword(s):  
Infant Feeding ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Infant Feeding Practices ◽  
Breast Feed

Newborn nursery nursing staff members were surveyed to determine their attitudes and teaching practices regarding breast- and bottle-feeding. Concurrently, mothers using this nursery responded to a structured interview concerning their infant-feeding practices at 14 to 21 days postpartum and possible hospital influences on these practices. The nursing staff strongly advocated breast-feeding and did not favor specific bottle-feeding practices or products. Nursing staff counseling was generally interpreted by mothers as supporting breast-feeding, but this did not deter a large proportion of mothers who stated an initial preference for breast-feeding from introducing formula as a supplementary or exclusive form of infant feeding during the short study period. Almost all mothers doing any amount of bottle-feeding at the time of their interview were using the same formula brand and a ready-to-feed preparation used during their hospital stay. Other influences on mother's infant-feeding patterns are discussed. It is concluded that the hospital staff and routines exerted a stronger influence on mothers's infant-feeding practices by nonverbal teaching (the hospital "modeling" of infant formula products) than by verbal teaching (counseling supporting breast-feeding). Future studies might explore new ways of supporting mothers who desire to breast-feed by designing innovative hospital routines to model breast-feeding rather than feeding by infant formula.

The Use of Bottle-Feeding During Infant Hearing Testing

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Peck
Keyword(s):  
Bottle Feeding

Effects of human milk and infant formula on the development of gastric myoelectrical activity in preterm infants

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A265-A265 ◽  
Author(s):  
H OUYANG ◽  
J HAYES ◽  
H ZHU ◽  
J YIN ◽  
E CO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Milk ◽  
Infant Formula ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity
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