The impact of daytime napping on athletic performance – a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petros G. Botonis ◽  
Nickos Koutouvakis ◽  
Argyris G. Toubekis
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Head, facial and neck cooling as per-cooling modalities to improve exercise performance in the heat: A narrative review and practical applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinhang Cao ◽  
Tze-Huan Lei ◽  
Faming Wang ◽  
Bin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sports Activity ◽  
Local Skin ◽  
Cooling Strategies ◽  
Facial Cooling ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Head Neck ◽  
Neck Cooling

It has been well established that athletic performance is greatly affected by environmental heat. Numerous studies have attempted to find reliable cooling strategies to improve athletic performance while exercising in the heat. Whole-body pre-cooling has been found to enhance endurance performance in both dry and humid heat. Nevertheless, positive physiological alternations induced by pre-cooling gradually disappear during exercise. Hence, there is a great need to find effective per-cooling strategies to improve athletic performance in the heat. Unfortunately, it is impractical to adopt pre-cooling approaches as a per-cooling modality to improve athletic performance due to inherent issues of practicality. Thus, a narrative review was conducted to examine the impact of head, neck and facial cooling on athletic performance in the heat. Based on current evidences, head, neck and facial cooling could greatly decrease local skin temperature at those areas where cooling was applied and thereby, local perceptual sensations were greatly enhanced. Neck cooling during exercise is found effective to improve athletic performance for both endurance and team sports athletes in the heat. Besides, neck cooling is preferred over the head, facial & combined head, facial and neck cooling for both endurance and team sport athletes in the heat from a practical application viewpoint. Research is lacking on the systematically selection of per-cooling modalities to improve athletic performance based on environmental conditions and nature of the sports activity. In addition, powerful but portable head, neck and facial cooling systems are urgently required to help athletes improving performance in the heat.

Quality of Life and Mental Health of Infertile Women Affected by Endometriosis: A Narrative Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-244
Author(s):  
Cristina Zarbo ◽  
Agostino Brugnera ◽  
Rita Secomandi ◽  
Ilario Candeloro ◽  
Chiara Malandrino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Stress Perception ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Treatment ◽  
General Quality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Outcomes

Objective: Infertility has a severe impact on quality of life and mental health. This condition could be exacerbated by the existence of comorbid medical disease, like endometriosis. The aim of this critical narrative review is the examination of the state of the art about the quality of life and mental health in infertile women with endometriosis. Methods: We performed a rigorous and systematic search for studies on multiple electronic databases. A total of 6 papers were included in the review and were subjected to interpretative and critical narrative synthesis. Results and Discussion: Major findings are resumed in the following points: (a) infertile women with endometriosis when compared to infertile ones without endometriosis show higher depression, stress perception, and anxiety, and lower general quality of life; (b) quality of life specifically related to infertility is similar among women with and without endometriosis and seems to be related to personality and beliefs factors; (c) giving birth to a child is related to better mental quality of life; (d) during assisted reproductive treatment (ART) stimulation, infertile women with endometriosis have a decrease of dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia; (e) satisfaction of ART is related to the number of attempts, treatment accomplishment and pregnancy test outcomes. Clinical implications of these findings and suggestions for future researches were discussed. Conclusion: Concluding, it is crucial to assess the psychological factors related to endometriosis and infertility to reduce the impact of these diseases on quality of life and mental health, provide adequate support to these patients, improve their satisfaction and increase the change to get pregnant.

scholarly journals Virological Factors Associated with Failure to the Latest Generation of Direct Acting Agents (DAA) and Re-Treatment Strategy: A Narrative Review

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Onorato ◽  
Mariantonietta Pisaturo ◽  
Mario Starace ◽  
Carmine Minichini ◽  
Alessandra Di Fraia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Direct Acting ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral Agents

The availability of all oral direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) has revolutionized the management of HCV infections in recent years, allowing to achieve a sustained virological response (SVR) in more than 95% of cases, irrespective of hepatitis C Virus (HCV) genotype or staging of liver disease. Although rare, the failure to the latest-generation regimens (grazoprevir/elbasvir, sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, pibrentasvir/glecaprevir) represents a serious clinical problem, since the data available in the literature on the virological characteristics and management of these patients are few. The aim of the present narrative review was to provide an overview of the impact of baseline RASs in patients treated with the latest-generation DAAs and to analyze the efficacy of the available retreatment strategies in those who have failed these regimens.

Immunoglobulin levels in systemic lupus erythematosus: A narrative review

Lupus ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 096120332110047
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Almaghlouth ◽  
Sindhu R Johnson ◽  
Eleanor Pullenayegum ◽  
Dafna Gladman ◽  
Murray Urowitz
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Immunoglobulin Level ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Self Tolerance ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
The Impact

Immunoglobulins play a fundamental role in the protection of the human body against internal and external threats. They also contribute to the immune system homeostasis and maintenance of self-tolerance. Hypogammaglobulinemia is occasionally encountered in routine clinical practice by rheumatologists. Low levels of immunoglobulins can occur as primary or secondary issues and may predispose patients to various forms of infection. However, the impact of the low immunoglobulin level abnormality varies with the underlying condition. In this narrative review, we shed light on the overall types and functions of immunoglobulins for clinicians. We discuss important principles of immunoglobulin measurements. We then consider the primary and secondary causes of low immunoglobulins with a special focus on hypogammaglobulinemia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

scholarly journals The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Urology Residents: a Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Johnathan A. Khusid ◽  
Mahyar Kashani ◽  
Lauren E. Fink ◽  
Corey S. Weinstein ◽  
Mantu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Review ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Factors Impacting Pharmaceutical Prices and Affordability: Narrative Review

Pharmacy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Kah Seng Lee ◽  
Yaman Walid Kassab ◽  
Nur Akmar Taha ◽  
Zainol Akbar Zainal
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Review ◽  
Financial Advisors ◽  
Cost Information ◽  
Electronic Prescription ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Pharmaceutical Distribution ◽  
Out Of Pocket Expenses ◽  
Additional Charges ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pharmaceutical Prices

Increasing prescription drug pricing often reflects additional work stress on medical professionals because they function as financial advisors for patients and help them manage out-of-pocket expenses. Providers or prescribers wish to help patients with prescription costs but often lack related information. Healthcare plan providers try to display prescription and drug cost information on their websites, but such data may not be linked to electronic prescription software. A mark-up is defined as the additional charges and costs that are applied to the price of a product for the purpose of covering overhead costs, distribution charges, and profit. Therefore, the policies implemented in the pharmaceutical distribution chain might include the regulation of wholesale and retails mark-ups and pharmaceutical remuneration. If mark-ups are regulated, countries are highly recommended to use regressive mark-ups rather than fixed percentage mark-ups. This narrative review provides insights into the framework of pharmaceutical mark-up systems by describing different factors impacting pharmaceutical prices and affordability. These include the interplay of medicine pricing and the supply chain, the impact of pertinent laws and regulation and out-of-pocket expenditure.

Models of home care services for persons with dementia: a narrative review

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1593-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee-Fay Low ◽  
Jennifer Fletcher
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Nursing Home Admission ◽  
Community Based ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Based Services

ABSTRACTBackground:Worldwide trends of increasing dementia prevalence, have put economic and workforce pressures to shifting care for persons with dementia from residential care to home care.Methods:We reviewed the effects of the four dominant models of home care delivery on outcomes for community-dwelling persons with dementia. These models are: case management, integrated care, consumer directed care, and restorative care. This narrative review describes benefits and possible drawbacks for persons with dementia outcomes and elements that comprise successful programs.Results:Case management for persons with dementia may increase use of community-based services and delay nursing home admission. Integrated care is associated with greater client satisfaction, increased use of community based services, and reduced hospital days however the clinical impacts on persons with dementia and their carers are not known. Consumer directed care increases satisfaction with care and service usage, but had little effect on clinical outcomes. Restorative models of home care have been shown to improve function and quality of life however these trials have excluded persons with dementia, with the exception of a pilot study.Conclusions:There has been a little research into models of home care for people with dementia, and no head-to-head comparison of the different models. Research to inform evidence-based policy and service delivery for people with dementia needs to evaluate both the impact of different models on outcomes, and investigate how to best deliver these models to maximize outcomes.

Cerebral oxygenation monitoring in patients during and after cardiac arrest -- a narrative review of current methods and evidence

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cerebral Oxygenation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Oxygen Balance ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Venous Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Oxygenation Monitoring ◽  
The Impact

Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) is a leading cause of mortality in post-cardiac arrest (post-CA) patients who successfully survive the initial cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) but later die in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Therefore, a key priority of post-resuscitation ICU care is to prevent and limit the impact of HIBI by optimizing the balance between cerebral oxygen delivery and demand. Traditionally, an optimal systemic oxygen balance is considered to ensure the brain’s oxygen balance. However, the validity of this assumption is uncertain, as the brain constitutes only 2%of the body mass while accounting for approximately 20% of basal oxygen consumption at rest. Hence, there is a real need to monitor cerebral oxygenation realistically. Several imaging and bedside monitoring methods are available for cerebral oxygenation monitoring in post-CA patients. Unfortunately, each of them has its limitations. Imaging methods require transporting a critically ill unstable patient to the scanner. Moreover, they provide an assessment of the oxygenation state only at a particular moment, while brain oxygenation is dynamic. Bedside methods, specifically near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), brain tissue oxygen tension (PbtO2), and jugular venous oxygen saturation monitoring (SjvO2), have not often been used in studies involving post-CA patients. Hence there is ambiguity regarding clear recommendations for using these bedside monitors. Presently, the most promising option seems to be using the NIRS as an indicator of effective CPR. We present a narrative review focusing on bedside methods and discuss the evidence for their use in adult patients after cardiac arrest.

scholarly journals The Impact of Sports on Athletic Performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Amir Torkashvand
Keyword(s):  
Athletic Performance ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Alpha Coefficient ◽  
Strategic Performance ◽  
The Third ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
High Level ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
The Impact

This study seeks to influence environment sports on the performance of athletes. Applied research is a descriptive survey. The population consisted of high-level of athletes in martial disciplines in Tehran (3 sports gym) were estimated at around 158 people. 113 athletes have been invited to respond to the questionnaire that they use randomly chosen sample of the population by Cochran formula. A questionnaire was used for data collection. The questionnaire consists of 3 parts. The first part included demographic information and the second part of the questionnaire contains 12 questions, including questions of appearance and the third part is consist of the standard questionnaire strategic performance of Thomas. Relaiability of questionnaire is achived with experts and stability of it was 0,966 by using of Cronbach's alpha coefficient in e SPSS software. The results show that the apparent and qualitative factors are directly affecting the performance of athletes.

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