The value of high‐frequency ultrasonography in the differential diagnosis of early mycosis fungoides and inflammatory skin diseases: A case‐control study

Author(s):  
ZiHan Niu ◽  
YuKun Wang ◽  
QingLi Zhu ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
YueHua Liu ◽  
...  
2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1253-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria M. Morales-Suárez-Varela ◽  
Jorn Olsen ◽  
Preben Johansen ◽  
Linda Kaerlev ◽  
Pascal Guénel ◽  
...  

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 2003-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank P. Mockenhaupt ◽  
Stephan Ehrhardt ◽  
Sabine Gellert ◽  
Rowland N. Otchwemah ◽  
Ekkehart Dietz ◽  
...  

Abstract The high frequency of α+-thalassemia in malaria-endemic regions may reflect natural selection due to protection from potentially fatal severe malaria. In Africa, bearing 90% of global malaria morbidity and mortality, this has not yet been observed. We tested this hypothesis in an unmatched case-control study among 301 Ghanaian children with severe malaria and 2107 controls (62% parasitemic). In control children, α+-thalassemia affected neither prevalence nor density of Plasmodium falciparum. However, heterozygous α+-thalassemia was observed in 32.6% of controls but in only 26.2% of cases (odds ratio [OR], 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56-0.98). Protection against severe malaria was found to be pronounced comparing severe malaria patients with parasitemic controls (adjusted OR in children < 5 years of age, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.34-0.78) and to wane with age. No protective effect was discernible for homozygous children. Our findings provide evidence for natural selection of α+-thalassemia in Africa due to protection from severe malaria.


The Lancet ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 346 (8990) ◽  
pp. 1626-1627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Wollenberg ◽  
SongPing Wen ◽  
Thomas Bieber

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