High frequency of metalworkers among patients with seminomatous tumors of the testis: A case-control study

1995 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Rhomberg ◽  
H. J. Schmoll ◽  
B. Schneider
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

α+-thalassemia protects African children from severe malaria

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (7) ◽  
pp. 2003-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank P. Mockenhaupt ◽  
Stephan Ehrhardt ◽  
Sabine Gellert ◽  
Rowland N. Otchwemah ◽  
Ekkehart Dietz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Severe Malaria ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The high frequency of α+-thalassemia in malaria-endemic regions may reflect natural selection due to protection from potentially fatal severe malaria. In Africa, bearing 90% of global malaria morbidity and mortality, this has not yet been observed. We tested this hypothesis in an unmatched case-control study among 301 Ghanaian children with severe malaria and 2107 controls (62% parasitemic). In control children, α+-thalassemia affected neither prevalence nor density of Plasmodium falciparum. However, heterozygous α+-thalassemia was observed in 32.6% of controls but in only 26.2% of cases (odds ratio [OR], 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56-0.98). Protection against severe malaria was found to be pronounced comparing severe malaria patients with parasitemic controls (adjusted OR in children < 5 years of age, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.34-0.78) and to wane with age. No protective effect was discernible for homozygous children. Our findings provide evidence for natural selection of α+-thalassemia in Africa due to protection from severe malaria.

scholarly journals Use of Chinese Medicine Reduces the Development of Cervical Cancer from Pap Smear-Diagnosed Cervical Dysplasia: A Case-Control Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Ling Shen ◽  
Chih-Hsin Muo ◽  
Shan-Yu Su ◽  
Donald E. Morisky
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Cervical Dysplasia ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Research Database ◽  
Control Study

The Pap test diagnosed cervical dysplasia, which could recover to normal or progress to cervical cancer (CC), is an early stage of cell abnormality before CC. This case-control study analyzed the differences in the risk to develop CC between Chinese medicine (CM) users and nonusers among women who had ever been diagnosed as having cervical dysplasia. A total of 750 CC patients with a cervical dysplasia history were collected between 1998 and 2011 from National Health Insurance Research Database, and controls were women with cervical dysplasia history but did not develop CC. Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for developing CC was assessed using multivariable logistic regression after adjusting for age, urbanization of residence, and occupation. The proportion of using CM among CC patients was lower than that among CC nonpatients, with an aOR of 0.8. By analyzing the relationship between CC development and the frequency of CM usage, the trend test revealed a significant decreasing trend for developing CC among high-frequency CM users. Moreover, the most frequently used single herb high-frequency was Rheum palmatum (Da-Huang). The usage of CM might be an effective complementary method to prevent uterine cervix from progressing to CC after cervical dysplasia has occurred.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of high-frequency ultrasound in carpal tunnel syndrome during pregnancy: A case-control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Mirzaasgari ◽  
Bahram Haghi-Ashtiani ◽  
Farshid Refaiean ◽  
Farzan Vahedifard ◽  
Amir Sina Homayooni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Control Study

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most prevalent entrapment syndrome in the upper limbs, for which pregnancy is a known risk factor. CTS diagnosis is confirmed via nerve conduction studies (NCSs), which sometimes is expensive, and the electrical stimulation makes it an unpleasant diagnostic modality, especially for pregnant subjects. Recently, high-frequency ultrasonography (HF-USG) is known as a diagnostic method. This study is concerned with determining the diagnostic value of this modality for CTS among pregnant women. Methods: This cross-sectional case-control study was conducted with 40 CTS cases and 40 matched controls. The HF-USG of wrists was performed bilaterally on all participants with a focus on the median nerve cross-sectional area (MNCSA) at the carpal tunnel (CT) inlet. Results: Mean MNCSA was statistically different between the CTS group (11.71 ± 1.86 mm2, range: 8 to 18 mm2) and the control group (6.75 ± 1.38 mm2, range: 4 to 11 mm2) (P < 0.001). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the cross-sectional area (CSA) cut-off point of 8.5 mm2 showed sensitivity and specificity of 98% and 93%, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) and the negative predictive value (NPV) were 95% and 98%, respectively, with the mentioned point as the diagnostic threshold. Conclusion: HF-USG of the median nerve can be utilized as a preferable alternative to NCS (the current gold standard diagnostic method) in pregnant women, due to its convenience and lower cost, or at least, it can be used as a screening tool among pregnant women with suspicious symptoms.

Evoked response audiometry in scrub typhus: prospective, randomised, case–control study

2011 ◽  
Vol 125 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
J S Thakur ◽  
N K Mohindroo ◽  
D R Sharma ◽  
K Soni ◽  
S S Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Scrub Typhus ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Evoked Response ◽  
Evoked Response Audiometry ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjective:To investigate the hypothesis of cochlear and retrocochlear damage in scrub typhus, using evoked response audiometry.Study design:Prospective, randomised, case–control study.Methods:The study included 25 patients with scrub typhus and 25 controls with other febrile illnesses not known to cause hearing loss. Controls were age- and sex-matched. All subjects underwent pure tone audiometry and evoked response audiometry before commencing treatment.Results:Six patients presented with hearing loss, although a total of 23 patients had evidence of symmetrical high frequency loss on pure tone audiometry. Evoked response audiometry found significant prolongation of absolute latencies of wave I, III, V, and wave I–III interpeak latency. Two cases with normal hearing had increased interpeak latencies. These findings constitute level 3b evidence.Conclusion:Findings were suggestive of retrocochlear pathology in two cases with normal hearing. In other patients, high frequency hearing loss may have led to altered evoked response results. Although scrub typhus appears to cause middle ear cochlear and retrocochlear damage, the presence of such damage could not be fully confirmed by evoked response audiometry.

Low-energy high-frequency Ho-YAG lithotripsy: is RIRS going forward? A case–control study

Urolithiasis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Peretti ◽  
E. Dalmasso ◽  
A. Pecoraro ◽  
C. Ambruosi ◽  
F. Venzano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Control Study
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document