Kesan Perubahan Masa Penyaduran Tanpa Elektrik Aloi Nikel–Fosforus Terhadap Struktur Mikro Substrat dan Analisis Kekuatan Sadurannya

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Mohamad Ibrahim ◽  
M. E. Izat ◽  
A. L. Goh ◽  
A. Tuti Kartina ◽  
Z. Norhidaya

Objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji kesan perubahan masa penyaduran tanpa elektrik aloi nikel–fosforus terhadap plastik akrilonitril–butadiena–stirena (ABS) yang bergred tidak boleh disadur dengan menggunakan teknik salutan lapisan bawah laker. Permukaan plastik ABS yang tidak dapat disadur diubah secara fizikal dengan menyalut satu lapisan nipis polimer untuk membentuk permukaan yang dapat disaduri logam. Kaedah ini menggunakan poliuretana sebagai lapisan bawah laker ke atas substrat sebelum dilakukan proses pra–rawatan seperti punaran sederhana, peneutralan, pengaktifan, pemecutan dan penyaduran ke atas substrat tersebut. Salutan poliuretana perlu dirawat pada suhu bilik selama 8 jam dan di dalam ketuhar pada 70°C selama 4 hari sebelum dijalankan langkah–langkah pra–rawatan. Substrat yang berjaya disadur kemudiannya dikaji permukaan mikronya, ketebalan logam nikel yang terenap pada masa penyaduran yang berbeza, struktur kekisi hablurnya dan juga kekuatan lekatan saduran nikel. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa lebih lama masa penyaduran, lebih banyak logam nikel dan fosforus (> 90%) yang terenap dan lebih sempurna proses penyaduran permukaan substrat. Ketebalan logam yang direkodkan adalah antara 0.6289 μm dan 4.4010 μm. Struktur kekisi bagi aloi nikel–fosforus yang terbentuk didapati berbentuk hablur bagi semua masa penyaduran yang dikaji. Manakala bagi analisis kekuatan lekatan saduran nikel, didapati bahawa kekuatan lekatan saduran nikel bergantung kepada masa rendaman substrat di dalam larutan punaran. Kekuatan lekatan yang paling tinggi (0.3273 psi) terhasil bagi substrat yang direndam di dalam larutan punaran selama 5 minit. Kata kunci: Penyaduran nikel tanpa elektrik, ABS gred tidak boleh disadur, teknik salutan lapisan bawah laker, masa penyaduran, permukaan mikro, kekuatan lekatan saduran The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of variation in plating time of nickel–phosphorus alloy which was plated electrolessly onto a non–platable grade acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) substrate using undercoating layer technique. The surface of the non–platable grade ABS plastic was physically modified by applying a thin layer of polymer to form a surface that is suitable for metallization. This method used polyurethane polymer as the undercoat layer which was applied onto the substrate before pretreatment processes such as mild etching, neutralization, activation and acceleration were done on the substrate. The undercoat polyurethane was treated at room temperature for 8 hours followed by treatment in an oven at 70°C for 4 days before it had undergone pre–treatment steps. The plated substrates were then tested for their properties such as microstructure, thickness of the plated nickel at different deposition times, lattice structure formed from this metallization method and the adhesion strength of the nickel coating. The results showed that the longer the metallization process, the greater the amount of nickel and phosphorus (> 90%) deposited and the more complete the plating process is. The thickness of the nickel plating was found to be between 0.6289 and 4.4010 μm. The lattice structure of the nickel–phosphorus formed in all deposition times studied was found to be crystalline. The analysis of the pull–off strength test showed that the adhesion strength of the nickel coating depends on the immersion time of the substrate into the etching solution. The highest pull–off strength test value (0.3273 psi) was achieved for the sample was immersed in the etching solution for 5 minutes. Key words: Electroless nickel plating, non–platable grade ABS, undercoat layer technique, deposition time, microstructure, coating adhesion strength

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-280
Author(s):  
Canan URAZ

In this study, electroless nickel (EN) plating on acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) engineering plastic using room temperature ionic liquids (RTIL) was studied. Electroless plating is a fundamental step in metal plating on plastic. This step makes the plastic conductive and makes it possible to a homogeneous and hard plating without using any hazardous and unfriendly chemical such as palladium, tin, etc. In the industry there are many distinct chemical materials both catalysts and activation solutions for the electroless bath which is one of the most important parts of the process. In this study the effects of the ionic liquid, plating time, and sand paper size were investigated on electroless nickel plating. The etching and the plating processes were performed with environmentally friendly chemicals instead of the chromic and sulphuric acids used in the traditional processes. Experiments were carried out with and without ionic liquid, EMIC, 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium chloride (C6H11N2Cl), and with 400, 500 and 800 grit sandpaper with the application of the sand attrition process and 70, 80, and 90 °C bath temperatures with 30, 60, and 90 minutes of deposition time. The surface morphology and the thickness of deposit analysis were performed using the Fischer scope X-Ray XDL-B System, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Due to the results of the experiments and analysis, the electroless nickel plating on ABS plastic was a success. The best plating was obtained at 5.010 μm as the maximum plating thickness, at 90 min of plating time and 80 °C as the plating bath temperature for electroless nickel plating on ABS plastic whit the surface activated with 800 grit sandpaper using EMIC ionic liquid. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.25.3.20116


2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 1522-1525
Author(s):  
Xiao Min Wang ◽  
Jun Duo

Electroless nickel plating on magnesium alloy was studied when NiSO4as the main salt in the solution. The influence of the composition of the solution and process parameters on the coating appearance, the plating rate and bath stability was studied too. As a result, the optimum conditions of electroless nickel are: The main salt and reducing agent molar ratio between 0.3 and 0.45, mixed complexion agents was used, temperature 90°C, pH value 6.5.


2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Court ◽  
C. Kerr ◽  
C. Ponce de León ◽  
J. R. Smith ◽  
B. D. Barker ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
Vol 659 ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Szirmai ◽  
József Tóth ◽  
Tamas I. Török ◽  
Norbert Hegman

A new surface pre-treatment procedure has been developed in one of our laboratories [1] for electroless nickel (EN) plating, which appears to be an effective and environmentally benign treatment for the following deposition of a sound and high quality surface nickel coating with good adhesion. For that purpose, the aluminium substrate was immersed in a mildly acidic solution (lactic acid) of sodium hypophosphite in order to modify the passive surface and make it suitable for the reductive chemical precipitation of the nickel-phosphorus nuclei from the electroless nickel plating bath. During this novel pre-treatment technique, the surface adsorption of the hypophosphite anions play an important role therefore several advanced surface testing and analytical techniques (Scanning Electron Microscopy-SEM, Transmission Electron Microscopy-TEM, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry-EDX, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy-XPS were applied in order to monitor and characterize the surface reactions and adsorption phenomena taking place during the pre-treatment. The Al excited XPS (studying P 2p, O 1s, C 1s, Al 2p, Ni 2p photoelectron lines) proved to be one of the most powerful technique in the identification of the chemical species formed and present on the surfaces examined in this study.


2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1801041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zengxiao Wang ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Junrong Yu ◽  
Zuming Hu ◽  
Jing Zhu ◽  
...  

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUNG-HYUN KIM ◽  
YOUNG-JIN CHOI ◽  
DONG-HUN KIM ◽  
SUNG-HOON JUNG ◽  
KI-WON KIM ◽  
...  

In order to investigate the electrochemical properties of Li / FeS cell, FeS powder was fabricated by using a high-energy ball milling method. Then, surface of FeS powder was coated with metallic nickel. Nickel coating was conducted by using electroless nickel plating method. Nickel chloride ( NiCl 2 · 6 H 2 O ) was used as the nickel ion source for electroless nickel plating. The effects of nickel coating on the electrochemical properties of FeS electrode for Li/FeS cell were investigated by CV measurement and charge/discharge tests. Then, cells for electrochemical tests were assembled by stacking a lithium anode, separator containing liquid electrolyte, and FeS cathode in turn. From the results, electroless nickel plated FeS electrode showed very high initial discharge capacity of 581 mAh/g- FeS . And also, it showed higher discharge capacity than that of bare FeS electrode until the 29th cycle. Therefore, it is found that metallic nickel gives beneficial effects on enhancing the electrical conductivity of FeS cathode material. 82.47.Cb.


2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (06) ◽  
pp. 1850212
Author(s):  
ZHIPING SUN ◽  
JUNJUN HUANG

In this work, the growth mechanism of nickel-plated coating on primer-modified poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) sheets was investigated systematically. Results showed the surface structure of primer-modified PET sheets would chemisorb Sn and Pd, which are used as the catalyst for the electroless nickel plating. Nickel particles were formed on the plated PET surface. The crystal preferential orientation transformed from (200) plane to (111) plane and nickel particles grew with the increase of thickness of plated coating. The growth of nickel particles mainly included lateral growth and vertical growth. Cracks and then shed were formed in the nickel coating when the thickness exceeded about 228[Formula: see text]nm.


2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 2063-2069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Tian Guo ◽  
Shi Gang Xin ◽  
Qing Huang

Coating of ME20M magnesium alloys was first carried out using electroless nickel plating technique with an environmentally-friendly pretreatment. The morphology and specific weight loss of the pickling process were investigated. The Ni-P coating was characterized by its structure, morphology, chemical composition, adhesion strength and corrosion resistance. The SEM image shows that the pyrophosphate pickling process can produce a rough surface and the thermal shock test indicates excellent adhesion strength between magnesium alloys and Ni-P coating. The damp heat test and electrochemical measurement prove the Ni-P coating significantly increase the corrosion resistance of ME20M magnesium alloys.


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