Effects of Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Injector Position on Intake Manifold towards Diesel-CNG Dual Fuel (DDF) Engine Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Supee ◽  
R. Mohsin ◽  
Z. A. Majid ◽  
M. I. Raiz
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions

In Diesel-CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) Dual Fuel (DDF) system, CNG is generally inducted in the intake manifold by CNG injector which is mounted on the intake manifold whereas diesel fuel is directly injected into engine cylinder using existing diesel fuel injector system. Status quo of optimum CNG injector position on intake manifold will  provide better gaseous fuel mixing quality, produce high turbulence kinetic energy and thus improve the performance of the diesel engine under DDF system. Thus, under full load condition at 2750 rpm, the engine performance and exhaust gas emissions tests such as nitric oxides (NOx), carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) were conducted on a diesel engine under DDF system for optimization of CNG injector position. Four CNG injector position on intake manifold were selected and optimum position of CNG injector was found to be at "position 2" which results in higher power output and less exhaust gas emissions. Further analysis by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) shows that CNG injector at "position 2" exhibit better quality of homogeneous CNG-air mixture and higher turbulence kinetic energy compared to other position. Based on the findings, an optimization of CNG injector position on intake manifold provide promising modification method due to the simple, cheaper and commercially acceptable.

To Study the Effects of (Compressed Natural Gas + Diesel) Under Dual Fuel Mode on Engine Performance and Emissions Characteristic

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Piyushi Nautiyal ◽  
Kamalasish Dev
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Pilot Fuel ◽  
Energy Share ◽  
Engine Performance And Emissions

The present study is investigated on the performance and emissions characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled by compressed natural gas and base diesel (CNG + Diesel). The CNG fuels used as the primary fuel, and diesel as pilot fuel under dual-fuel mode. The pilot fuel is partially replaced by CNG at a different percentage. The primary fuel is injected into the engine with intake air during the suction stroke. The experimental results reveal the effect of CNG + diesel under dual fuel mode on BTE, BSFC, CO, CO2, HC, NOx and Smoke. It is observed from the experimental results that CO2, NOx and Smoke emissions decreased but HC and CO emissions increase with an increase in CNG energy share.

Comparative Evaluation of the Effect of Intake Charge Temperature, Pilot Fuel Quantity and Injection Advance on Dual Fuel Compression Ignition Engine Performance Characteristics and Emitted Pollutants

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roussos G. Papagiannakis ◽  
Theodoros C. Zannis ◽  
Elias A. Yfantis ◽  
Dimitrios T. Hountalas
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Pilot Fuel

The simultaneous reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions and particulate matter in a compression ignition environment is quite difficult due to the soot/NOx trade off and it is often accompanied by fuel consumption penalties. Thus, fuel reformulation is also essential for the curtailment of diesel pollutant emissions along with the optimization of combustion-related design factors and exhaust after-treatment equipment. Various solutions have been proposed for improving the combustion process of conventional diesel engines and reducing the exhaust emissions without making serious modifications on the engine, one of which is the use of natural gas as a supplement for the conventional diesel fuel (Dual Fuel Natural Gas/Diesel Engines). Natural gas is considered to be quite promising since its cost is relative lower compared to conventional fuels and it has high auto-ignition temperature compared to other gaseous fuels facilitating thus its use on future and existing fleet of small high speed direct injection diesel engines without serious modifications on their structure. Moreover, natural gas does not generate particulates when burned in engines. The most common natural gas/diesel operating mode is referred to as the Pilot Ignited Natural Gas Diesel Engine (P.I.N.G.D.E). Here, the primary fuel is natural gas that controls the engine power output, while the pilot diesel fuel injected near the end of the compression stroke autoignites and creates ignition sources for the surrounding gaseous fuel mixture to be burned. Previous research studies have shown that the main disadvantage of this dual fuel combustion is its negative impact on engine efficiency compared to the normal diesel operation, while carbon monoxide emissions are also increased. The specific engine operating mode, in comparison with conventional diesel fuel operation, suffers from low brake engine efficiency and high carbon monoxide (CO) emissions. The influence becomes more evident at part load conditions. Intake charge temperature, pilot fuel quantity and injection advance are some of the engine parameters which influence significantly the combustion mechanism inside the combustion chamber of a Pilot Ignited Natural Gas Diesel Engine. In order to be examined the effect of these parameters on performance and exhaust emissions of a natural gas/diesel engine a theoretical investigation has been conducted by using a numerical simulation. In order to be examined the effect of increased air inlet temperature combined with increased pilot fuel quantity and its injection timing on performance and exhaust emissions of a pilot ignited natural gas-diesel engine, a theoretical investigation has been conducted by using a comprehensive two-zone phenomenological model. The results concerning engine performance characteristics and NO, CO and Soot emissions for various engine operating conditions (i.e. load and engine speed), comes from the employment of a comprehensive two-zone phenomenological model which had been applied on a high-speed natural gas/diesel engine. The main objectives of this comparative assessment are to record and to comparatively evaluate the relative impact each one of the above mentioned parameters on engine performance characteristics and emitted pollutants. Furthermore, the present investigation deals with the determining of optimum combinations between the parameters referred before since at high engine load conditions, the simultaneous increase some of the specific parameters may lead in undesirable results about engine performance characteristics. The conclusions of the specific investigation will be extremely valuable for the application of this technology on existing DI diesel engines.

A phenomenological combustion analysis of a dual-fuel natural-gas diesel engine

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuonan Xu ◽  
David Anderson ◽  
Mark Hoffman ◽  
Robert Prucka ◽  
Zoran Filipi
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Engine System ◽  
Wiebe Function

Energy security concerns and an abundant supply of natural gas in the USA provide the impetus for engine designers to consider alternative gaseous fuels in the existing engines. The dual-fuel natural-gas diesel engine concept is attractive because of the minimal design changes, the ability to preserve a high compression ratio of the baseline diesel, and the lack of range anxiety. However, the increased complexity of a dual-fuel engine poses challenges, including the knock limit at a high load, the combustion instability at a low load, and the transient response of an engine with directly injected diesel fuel and port fuel injection of compressed natural gas upstream of the intake manifold. Predictive simulations of the complete engine system are an invaluable tool for investigations of these conditions and development of dual-fuel control strategies. This paper presents the development of a phenomenological combustion model of a heavy-duty dual-fuel engine, aided by insights from experimental data. Heat release analysis is carried out first, using the cylinder pressure data acquired with both diesel-only and dual-fuel (diesel and natural gas) combustion over a wide operating range. A diesel injection timing correlation based on the injector solenoid valve pulse widths is developed, enabling the diesel fuel start of injection to be detected without extra sensors on the fuel injection cam. The experimental heat release trends are obtained with a hybrid triple-Wiebe function for both diesel-only operation and dual-fuel operation. The ignition delay period of dual-fuel operation is examined and estimated with a predictive correlation using the concept of a pseudo-diesel equivalence ratio. A four-stage combustion mechanism is discussed, and it is shown that a triple-Wiebe function has the ability to represent all stages of dual-fuel combustion. This creates a critical building block for modeling a heavy-duty dual-fuel turbocharged engine system.

Artificial Neural Network-Based Prediction of Performances-Exhaust Emissions of Diesohol Piloted Dual Fuel Diesel Engine Under Varying Compressed Natural Gas Flowrates

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Paul ◽  
Subrata Bhowmik ◽  
Rajsekhar Panua ◽  
Durbadal Debroy
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Artificial Neural

The present study surveys the effects on performance and emission parameters of a partially modified single cylinder direct injection (DI) diesel engine fueled with diesohol blends under varying compressed natural gas (CNG) flowrates in dual fuel mode. Based on experimental data, an artificial intelligence (AI) specialized artificial neural network (ANN) model have been developed for predicting the output parameters, viz. brake thermal efficiency (Bth), brake-specific energy consumption (BSEC) along with emission characteristics such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx), unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC), carbon dioxide (CO2), and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions. Engine load, Ethanol share, and CNG strategies have been used as input parameters for the model. Among the tested models, the Levenberg–Marquardt feed-forward back propagation with three input neurons or nodes, two hidden layers with ten neurons in each layer and six output neurons, and tansig-purelin activation function have been found to the optimal model topology for the diesohol–CNG platforms. The statistical results acquired from the optimal network topology such as correlation coefficient (0.992–0.999), mean square error (MSE) (0.0001–0.0009), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) (0.09–2.41%) along with Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (NSE), Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE), mean square relative error, and model uncertainty established itself as a real-time robust type machine learning tool under diesohol–CNG paradigms. The study also incorporated a special type of measure, namely Pearson's Chi-square test or goodness of fit, which brings up the model validation to a higher level.

Design and Development of Surge Tank for NOx Emission Reduction in B20 Biofueled Diesel Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaspreet Hira ◽  
Basant Singh Sikarwar ◽  
Rohit Sharma ◽  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Prakhar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Nox Emission ◽  
Intake Manifold ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Surge Tank ◽  
Brake Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

In this research work, a surge tank is developed and utilised in the diesel engine for controlling the NOX emission. This surge tank acts as a damper for fluctuations caused by exhaust gases and also an intercooler in reducing the exhaust gas temperature into the diesel engine intake manifold. With the utilisation of the surge tank, the NOX emission level has been reduced to approximately 50%. The developed surge tank is proved to be effective in maintaining the circulation of water at appropriate temperatures. A trade-off has been established between the engine performance parameters including the brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature and all emission parameters including HC and CO.

Combustion Characteristics of a Dual Fuel Diesel Engine With Natural Gas (Influence of Cetane Number of Ignition Fuel)

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasufumi Yoshimoto ◽  
Eiji Kinoshita
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Performance And Emission

This paper investigates the performance, exhaust emissions, and combustion characteristics of a dual fuel diesel engine fueled by CNG (compressed natural gas) as the main fuel. The experiments used standard ignition fuels prepared by n-hexadecane and heptamethylnonane which are used to define the ignitability of diesel combustion, and focused on the effects of fuels with better ignitability than ordinary gas oil such as fuels with higher cetane numbers, 70 and 100. Compared with gas oil ignition, a standard ignition fuel with C.N. 100 showed shorter ignition delays, and lower NOx exhaust concentrations, and engine noise. The results also showed that regardless of ignition fuel, misfiring occurred when the CNG supply was above 75%. While the CNG ratio where misfiring occurs lowered somewhat with increasing C.N., the combustion stability (defined as the standard deviation in the cycle to cycle variation of IMEP divided by the mean value of IMEP) was little influenced. In summary, the results show that the influence of the ignitability on the engine performance and emission characteristics of the dual fuel operation is relatively small when the ignition fuel has C.N., and similar to or higher than ordinary gas oil.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of Almond Biodiesel-Diesel Blends for Diesel Engine in Terms of Performance and Emissions

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh ◽  
Khaled A. Alnefaie
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Particulate Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Oxides Of Nitrogen ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Unburned Fuel

This paper investigates the opportunity of using almond oil as a renewable and alternative fuel source. Different fuel blends containing 10, 30, and 50% almond biodiesel (B10, B30, and B50) with diesel fuel (B0) were prepared and the influence of these blends on emissions and some performance parameters under various load conditions were inspected using a diesel engine. Measured engine performance parameters have generally shown a slight increase in exhaust gas temperature and in brake specific fuel consumption and a slight decrease in brake thermal efficiency. Gases investigated were carbon monoxide (CO) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Furthermore, the concentration of the total particulate and the unburned fuel emissions in the exhaust gas were tested. A blend of almond biodiesel with diesel fuel gradually reduced the engine CO and total particulate emissions compared to diesel fuel alone. This reduction increased with more almond biodiesel blended into the fuel. Finally, a slight increase in engineNOxusing blends of almond biodiesel was measured.

scholarly journals A Review on Knock Phenomena in CNG-Diesel Dual Fuel System

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 550-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathul Hakim Zulkifli ◽  
Mas Fawzi ◽  
Shahrul Azmir Osman
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Basic Operation ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas

The compressed natural gas (CNG) – diesel dual fuel engine is discussed through their basic operation and its characteristic. The main problem of running a diesel engine on dual fuel mode with CNG as main fuel is addressed. A brief review of knock phenomena which is widely associated with a dual fuel engine is also covered. Methods to suppress onset knock were suggested.

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