A SHORT REVIEW ON USING CRUMB RUBBER AS MODIFICATION OF BITUMEN BINDER

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (7-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Maniruzzaman A. Aziz ◽  
Zohair Ahmed Altieb ◽  
Khairul Anuar Bin Kassim ◽  
Hauwa Baffa Jibrin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Influencing Factor ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Waste Crumb Rubber

The increasing consumption of waste tire has generated many problems such as increasing landfill space, environmental pollution and causing health hazards. Parallel to this is the increasing of roads construction as a result of heavy traffic on roads. This study reviews to the use of crumb rubber (waste tires in powder form) in bitumen using the wet process. The study focuses on the crumb rubber as a replacement to the total weight of bitumen. The design or life span for all highways and urban roads is 10 – 20 years. Unfortunately, damages or distresses on pavements are still occurring before reaching the maximum period of the designed road serviceability. Among the major influencing factor that is contributing to this distress is the repeated heavy traffic loading on the road surfaces. Moreover, the use of waste crumb rubber in road construction as a pavement surface has a better skid resistance, fatigue crack resistance and increased rut resistance. The review includes physical tests that are used to determine the physical properties of bitumen and modified crumb rubber mix. The physical tests involve penetration test, softening point test and viscosity test. The second stage is rheological tests like rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT), pressure aging vessel (PAV) and dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) tests. The expectations from the study are to develop bitumen with waste crumb rubber that would minimize the costs of bitumen and providing better physical and rheological properties compared to the convention bitumen based on the tests that was conducted. Crumb rubber modifier as improved resistance to rutting due to high viscosity, Improved resistance to surface initiated, reduce fatigue/ reflection cracking, lower pavement maintenance costs, and saving in energy and natural resource.

scholarly journals Kajian Penambahan RejIRE pada Aspal Modifikasi Crumb Rubber serta Kinerjanya pada Campuran Beraspal Panas

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Sri Mulyani ◽  
Nono Nono ◽  
Nyoman Suaryana
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Styrene Butadiene ◽  
Sbs Modified Asphalt ◽  
Rubber Modification

Asphalt polymer has superior characteristics than conventional asphalt. Styrene Butadiene Styrene (SBS) is a polymer that has proven its performance in heavy traffic, but it must be imported and expensive. Crumb rubber have high potential to be used as an asphalt modifier. Asphalt modified crumb rubber has high viscosity and is not homogeneous, so that the utilization cannot be delayed. This reduces workability in the field. This study aims to obtain asphalt modified crumb rubber which is easier to use by adding materials that do not affect its performance. RejIRE is a low viscosity additive to restore the properties of bitumen on crumb rubber modified. Experiments were carried out by adding variations in RejIRE levels to crumb rubber modified asphalt to determine its characteristics. Continued investigation of the performance of hot paved mixtures for wearing courses compared to asphalt mixtures with Pen 60/70 asphalt and SBS modified asphalt mixtures. The result is the addition of 0.75% RejIRE on asphalt crumb rubber modification have high workability. Overall the performance of the mix with SBS modified asphalt is better, but the mixture of hot paved with modified asphalt crumb rubber has a resistance to permanent deformation superior to the other paved mixtures.

scholarly journals The Potential use of Crumb Rubber in Hot Asphalt Mixes in Egypt using Dry Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4356-4360
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Flow Number ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Process Method

Since 1960 Using crumb rubber modifier (CRM) in hot asphalt mixtures has become a frequent practice in road construction. Using the CRM by the dry process method is not commonly used, although it has great advantages such as it is less fuel consuming and it does not require storage container like the wet process method. This research evaluates the mechanical properties of dense graded asphalt rubber mixtures manufactured using the dry process. The results obtained from this mixture compared with similar asphalt mixture without CRM. The mechanical properties of all mixtures evaluated using a set of tests such Marshall Stability and flow test, moisture susceptibility test, indirect tensile strength test, dynamic modulus and flow number test. The research results showed that using CRM with 0.75% of aggregate’s weight increased the mixture’s stability, flow and enhanced its cracking and permanent deformation resistance.

Arkansas Experience with Crumb Rubber Modified Mixes Using Marshall and Strategic Highway Research Program Level I Design Methods

1996 ◽  
Vol 1530 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary V. Gowda ◽  
Kevin D. Hall ◽  
Robert P. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Aggregate Gradation ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Asphalt Rubber ◽  
Level I

Unmodified and crumb rubber modified mixes conforming to the Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department Type II surface course specifications were designed for heavy traffic conditions and environmental conditions typical to Arkansas by using the Marshall and Superpave Level I methods. Specimens prepared at appropriate design asphalt contents were evaluated for both volumetric and performance considerations. Three mix types, an unmodified hot-mix asphalt concrete, a dry process rubber modified asphalt, and a wet process asphalt rubber, were included in the investigation. For the asphalt cement, crumb rubber, aggregate type, and aggregate gradation used, the design asphalt content and the VMA were reduced for the SHRP Level I method relative to the Marshall method. Incorporation of crumb rubber into hot-mix asphalt concrete provided increased rutting resistance; however, the rubber modified mixes did not show enhanced resilient and tensile properties when tested at 25°C. Also, the performance-related properties of the SHRP Level I asphalt-rubber mixes (5, 10, and 15 percent A-R blends) evaluated did not differ significantly at 5 percent level of significance.

scholarly journals Effect of Crumb Rubber, Epolene (EE-2), and Date Palm Ash as Modifiers on the Performance of Binders and Mixtures: A Sustainable Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6484
Author(s):  
Muhammad Imran Khan ◽  
Muslich Hartadi Sutanto ◽  
Sri Sunarjono ◽  
Shah Room ◽  
Nur Izzi Md Yusoff
Keyword(s):  
Date Palm ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Traffic Loading ◽  
Performance Grade ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
And Performance

The only type of conventional bitumen (PG 64-10) available in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) does not meet the temperature requirements of most of the kingdom’s regions. Hence, the binder needs to be modified to improve the performance of flexible pavements at high temperature and heavy traffic loading. In order to meet the requirements of the Superpave Performance Grade (PG), crumb rubber (CR), epolene (EE-2), and date palm ash (DPA) were used as asphalt additives in different percentages (4%, 8%, 12%, and 16% by weight of bitumen). Viscosity and rheological tests as well as stability and indirect tensile tests were performed on binders and asphalt mixtures. The binders modified with CR, EE-2, and DPA showed improved rheological and performance properties as compared to conventional binder. Similarly, the PG of conventional asphalt was upgraded with the addition of different percentages of the modifiers. Furthermore, this study also aimed to help the environment by minimizing and recycling wastes in road construction processes to achieve sustainability.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Waste Crumb Rubber/Silica Fume Composite Modified Pervious Concrete in Seasonal Frozen Regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Guobao Luo ◽  
Pin Zhao ◽  
Yangpeng Zhang ◽  
Zhengzhuan Xie
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Pervious Concrete ◽  
Flexural Failure ◽  
And Control ◽  
Waste Crumb Rubber

The waste crumb rubber (WCR) and silica fume (SF), as industrial waste and byproduct, are widely used as additives in road construction materials, which can not only realize waste utilization and protect the environment but also reduce the consumption of building material resources. At present, most of the research has focused on the properties of concrete modified only by WCR or SF; there are few studies concentrated on composite modified concrete by the two, especially the study on pervious concrete (PC). This article aims to study the mechanical strength, deformability, and freeze-thaw (F-T) resistance of waste crumb rubber/silica fume composite modified pervious concrete (RSFPC). The RSFPC and control specimens were manufactured in the lab. The experiments of compressive strength, flexural strength, flexural failure strain, flexural elastic modulus, and F-T cycles were conducted. In addition, the properties of RSFPC were compared with WCR and SF single modification PC. The results indicate that the composite modification of WCR and SF can give full play to the advantages of the two materials so that the strength property and elastic modulus of PC will not be decreased and the F-T resistance and deformability can be greatly improved. Compared to a single modification group by WCR or SF, RSFPC has a more balanced and comprehensive performance, which will greatly expand the application of PC.

A Study on Job Satisfaction among Tamil Nadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC) Employees at Tiruvarur Branch

GIS Business ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 230-242
Author(s):  
M. Ganesan, K ◽  
K. Veerakumar ◽  
N. R Vembu ◽  
Dr. M. K Durgamani ◽  
Dr. Renuka
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
The Road ◽  
Tamil Nadu State ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Day By Day ◽  
Labour Turnover

Job satisfaction is an important factor for employees working in formal and informal sector. The job is small or big, permanent or temporary, risky or non-risky, job satisfaction is important. It is the mental feeling which drives the employees to excel. Job satisfaction is a combination of psychological, physiological and environmental circumstances. A satisfied employee is a contented and happy human being. The labour turnover depends upon job satisfaction. Even highly paid employees quit the job when they are not satisfied with the job. Road transportation in Tamilnadu is growing day by day. Job stress in the road transportation is very high due to increase in number of vehicle playing on the road and heavy traffic. The drivers and conductors working in public transport corporation are suffering from high job stress. If drivers and conductors are not satisfied with their job which leads to mental stresses and affects the productivity and also creates accidents. In this present study the researchers made an attempt to study the level of job satisfaction among the drivers and conductors who are working in the Tamilnadu State Transport Corporation (TNSTC). The study reveals the expectations of drivers and conductors working in TNSTC with regards to the attributes like salary, promotion and fringe benefits etc., are satisfactory and not detrimental. 

scholarly journals THE PENETRATION OF ENGINEERING BY ECONOMICS: McFADDEN AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF ROAD DEMAND ESTIMATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-278
Author(s):  
Ariane Dupont-Kieffer ◽  
Sylvie Rivot ◽  
Jean-Loup Madre
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Road Construction ◽  
Demand Estimation ◽  
Demand Modeling ◽  
The Road ◽  
Collective Decisions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
On The Road ◽  
The 1960S

The golden age of road demand modeling began in the 1950s and flourished in the 1960s in the face of major road construction needs. These macro models, as well as the econometrics and the data to be processed, were provided mainly by engineers. A division of tasks can be observed between the engineers in charge of estimating the flows within the network and the transport economists in charge of managing these flows once they are on the road network. Yet the inability to explain their decision-making processes and individual drives gave some room to economists to introduce economic analysis, so as to better understand individual or collective decisions between transport alternatives. Economists, in particular Daniel McFadden, began to offer methods to improve the measure of utility linked to transport and to inform the engineering approach. This paper explores the challenges to the boundaries between economics and engineering in road demand analysis.

Recycling of waste crumb rubber into a commercial materials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Godwin Barnabas ◽  
K. Arun Vasantha Geethan ◽  
M. Venkatesh Perumal
Keyword(s):  
Crumb Rubber ◽  
Waste Crumb Rubber
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