scholarly journals Impact of Renewed Cattle Grazing on Floristic Composition in the Hrubý Jeseník Mountains

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-342
Author(s):  
Marie Mrázková-Štýbnarová ◽  
Josef Holec ◽  
Radek Štencl ◽  
Michaela Kolářová ◽  
Luděk Tyšer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Nardus Stricta ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Grazing Period ◽  
Pasture Area ◽  
Avenella Flexuosa

The aim of the study was to estimate changes in the floristic composition near Švýcárna lodge (1304 m a.s.l.), where cattle grazing after a long-term management cessation was introduced on a pasture area of 3.6 ha in 2012. The pasture was divided into two grazing sub-localities: P1 (Nar) with dominance of Nardus stricta and Avenella flexuosa and P2 (Des) with dominance of Deschampsia cespitosa. For grazing, Highland Cattle was used with a stocking rate up to 1 livestock unit per ha and year. The floristic composition was evaluated and statistically analyzed. After six years of restored grazing the overall species richness enhanced and a higher dominance of rare and endangered species was found. The dominance of some common species like Vaccinium myrtillus, and Calamagrostis villosa tended to decrease within a grazing period in favor of new species colonisation.

scholarly journals Nutritive Value and Mycotoxin Contamination of Herbage in Mountain Locality Exposed to Renewed Cattle Grazing

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 883-891
Author(s):  
Marie Štýbnarová ◽  
Ludmila Křížová ◽  
Stanislav Pavlok ◽  
Pavlína Mičová ◽  
Oldřich Látal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Mycotoxin Contamination ◽  
Nardus Stricta ◽  
Pasture Area ◽  
June July ◽  
Mean Concentration

The aim of the study was to estimate the forage quality and mycotoxin contamination in the locality of Švýcárna (1304 m a.s.l.), where the cattle grazing after the long-term management cessation was introduced on the pasture area of 3.6 ha in 2012. The pasture was divided into two grazing plots: P1 (Nar) (dominance of Nardus stricta) and P2 (Des) (dominance of Deschampsia cespitosa). Samples of forage were taken in June, July, August and September 2014 and 2015 from five permanent plots situated in different places of locality. Samples were analysed on the content of basic nutrients and macro- and micro- elements. Further, the content of deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA) and T-2/HT-2 toxin was determined using ELISA method. From June to September the mean content of crude fibre significantly (P < 0.05) increased (from 243.9 g.kg−1 DM to 331.7 g.kg−1 DM, respectively) and the content of crude protein significantly (P < 0.05) decreased (from 166.9 g.kg−1 DM to 89.2 g.kg−1 DM, respectively). Mean concentration of DON in P1 (Nar) was numerically higher than in P2 (Des), being 715 and 620.63 µg.kg−1, respectively (P < 0.05). Mean concentration of T-2/HT-2 toxin was 44.88 and 55.04 µg.kg−1 in P1 (Nar) and P2 (Des), respectively. The content of ZEA in P1 (Nar) of 54.65 µg.kg−1 was lower than in P2 (Des) being 78.72 µg.kg−1 (P < 0.05).

scholarly journals Features of propagation by seeds of rare and endangered plant species in culture

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 00020
Author(s):  
Tatyana Elisafenko ◽  
Victoria Yakk
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Seed Collection ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Term Storage

The article is devoted to the conservation of rare and endangered species in a culture The problems and features of reproduction by seeds of these species were been considered. The stages were been distinguished – preparatory (informational), seed collection, drying, peeling, storage, germination, genetic identification. Approaches to seed collection and storage were been presented. It is proposed to use a refrigeration chamber (+ 4 ° C) for long-term storage of seeds.

scholarly journals Comparison of the seed bank with the aboveground vegetation of field weeds in the neighbourhood of Mikulov in South Moravia

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 277-290
Author(s):  
Magda Zdražílková
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Phytosociological Relevés ◽  
South Moravia

The processed set of phytosociological relevés indicated that at the present time the field weed associations are composed particularly of species of wide ecological amplitude. The rare and endangered species appeared only on localities usually not much affected by chemicals. Most of the endangered species of field weeds were found to survive primarily on small private farms, in the headland of fields or on field edges near the natural reserves.The results indicated that the type of crop had a significant effect on the composition of the current aboveground vegetation. There is a close relationship between the type of crop and the applied cultural practice. Its effect is much more important than the effect of the overall method of management. However, long-term application of herbicides may eliminate some weed species from the seed bank and as a consequence also from the current vegetation. That is the reason why crop rotation is so important for preserving the species diversity of weeds in tandem with limited applications of herbicides.

scholarly journals Insect biomass decline scaled to species diversity: General patterns derived from a hoverfly community

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. e2002554117
Author(s):  
Caspar A. Hallmann ◽  
Axel Ssymank ◽  
Martin Sorg ◽  
Hans de Kroon ◽  
Eelke Jongejans
Keyword(s):  
Null Model ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Flying Insects ◽  
Random Expectation ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Insect Biomass

Reports of declines in biomass of flying insects have alarmed the world in recent years. However, how biomass declines reflect biodiversity loss is still an open question. Here, we analyze the abundance (19,604 individuals) of 162 hoverfly species (Diptera: Syrphidae), at six locations in German nature reserves in 1989 and 2014, and generalize the results with a model varying decline rates of common vs. rare species. We show isometric decline rates between total insect biomass and total hoverfly abundance and a scale-dependent decline in hoverfly species richness, ranging between −23% over the season to −82% at the daily level. We constructed a theoretical null model to explore how strong declines in total abundance translate to changing rank-abundance curves, species persistence, and diversity measures. Observed persistence rates were disproportionately lower than expected for species of intermediate abundance, while the rarest species showed decline and appearance rates consistent with random expectation. Our results suggest that large insect biomass declines are predictive of insect diversity declines. Under current threats, even the more common species are in peril, calling for a reevaluation of hazards and conservation strategies that traditionally target already rare and endangered species only.

scholarly journals Materials on the distribution of plant species which are rare for the Volgograd oblast

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 00032
Author(s):  
Stepan Senator ◽  
Vladimir Vasjukov ◽  
Eugene Zibzeev ◽  
Andrey Korolyuk
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Volgograd Oblast ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Threatened Plant Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered

The information about the distribution of 28 rare and endangered species of vascular plants under Federal and regional security, registered in 2018 on the territory of the Volgograd oblast under the Federal and regional security is given. Among them, 2 species (Crambe tataria Sebeok и Stipa zalesskii Wilensky ex P. A. Smirn.) are included in the List of Threatened plant species of Europe. Each location is linked to the grid of Atlas Flora Europaea. The obtained materials about the distribution of rare and endangered species of vascular plants represent an important data for long-term monitoring and also for environmental management measures at the regional level.

scholarly journals Fatal attraction: rare species in the spotlight

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1660) ◽  
pp. 1331-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Angulo ◽  
Anne-Laure Deves ◽  
Michel Saint Jalmes ◽  
Franck Courchamp
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
General Public ◽  
Economic Incentive ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Actual Process ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Physical Effort ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Personal Investment ◽  
Rare And Endangered

The exploitation of rare and endangered species can end in the species's extinction because the increased value people associate with rarity increases the economic incentive to exploit the last individuals, creating a positive feedback loop. This recently proposed concept, called the anthropogenic Allee effect (AAE), relies on the assumption that people do value rarity, but this remains to be established. Moreover, it also remains to be determined whether attraction to rarity is a trait confined to a minority of hobbyists (e.g. wildlife collectors, exotic pet owners) or characteristic of the general public. We estimated how much the general public valued rare species compared with common ones, using five different metrics related to personal investment: time spent, physical effort, unpleasantness, economic investment and risk. We surveyed the visitors of a zoo. To see the rare species, the visitors to the zoo invested more time in searching and contemplation, they were ready to expend more physical effort, they tolerated more unpleasant conditions, they were willing to pay more and, finally, they risked more to obtain (steal) a rare species. Our results provide substantial evidence of how the general public places more value on rare species, compared with common species. This confirms the AAE as an actual process, which in addition concerns a large part of the population. This has important consequences for the conservation of species that are rare now, or that could become so in the future.

scholarly journals The genus Rosa L. (Rosaceae) in the flora of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (Azerbaijan)

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
A. M. Ibrahimov ◽  
T. H. Talibov ◽  
A. V. Matsyura
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Autonomous Republic ◽  
Long Term Studies

Based on the long-term studies conducted in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic (2004-2017) and the literature data, the composition of Rosa L. genus was investigated and its distribution zones were specified. It has become clear that 34 species of hips are spread in the area that, 30 of them are wild, and 4 of them – R. centifolia L., R. chinensis Jacq, R. damascena Mill., R. multiflora Thunb. are used for greenery of parks and gardens in cultivated conditions. In recent years, as a result of the effects of climatic and anthropogenic factors on the territory of the autonomous republic, wild species of Rosa L. genus have been found to be in danger. Therefore, considering their rare and endangered species of Rosa karjaginii Sosn., R. nisami Sosn., R. sosnovskyana Tamamsch., R. rapinii Boiss. & Bal., R. pimpinellifolia L., R. tuschetica Boiss. have been put “Red book” of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic, Rosa azerbaidzhanica Novopokr. et Rzazade, Rosa karyagini Sosn. və Rosa nisami Sosn. species have been put “Red Book” of Azerbaijan Republic and there have been shown protection ways.

scholarly journals The moths (Lepidoptera) of Glasgow Botanic Gardens

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-56
Author(s):  
R.B. Weddle
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Botanic Gardens ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
The City

The moths that have been recorded in the Glasgow Botanic Gardens, Scotland over the years are reviewed and assessed in the context of the City of Glasgow, the vice-county of Lanarkshire (VC77), and the U.K. in general. The additions to the list since the last review in 1999 are highlighted. Some rare and endangered species are reported, though the comparatively low frequency of sightings of several normally common species suggests that the site is generally under-recorded. The same is true of Glasgow and Lanarkshire in general.

Cryobanking of Amphibian Genetic Recourses in Russia: Past and Future

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Victor K. Uteshev ◽  
Edith N. Gakhova ◽  
Ludmila I. Kramarova ◽  
Natalia V. Shishova ◽  
Svetlana A. Kaurova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Cell Biophysics ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Modern Biology ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Current State ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In modern biology, a search for efficient and safe ways of long-term storage of animal genomes is vital for the survival of rare and endangered species. To date, the only reliable method of prolonging the preservation of genome is deep freezing of somatic and reproductive cells, including spermatozoa. Here we overview the current state of reproductive technologies and present the cryopresevation strategies of genetic material of selected amphibian species. These strategies were developed at the Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia. Cryopreservation could help managing the threatened populations of amphibian species through genome storage and mediate the production of healthy animals from the stored material.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document