scholarly journals Three Out of Two

2001 ◽  
Vol 123 (09) ◽  
pp. 60-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Thilmany
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Tool Design ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Drawing Tool ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
General Contractors ◽  
Aided Design

This article reviews computer-aided design (CAD) software that is meant to function as more than a drawing tool; design offices and general contractors are still learning how to take advantage of its full potential even as the software systems mature. CAD systems are used to sell products before they are produced, to warehouse past designs in a central library, and to describe an intended design to a parts supplier. Traditional wisdom holds that 2D CAD systems are best suited to products with simple geometries that can be easily represented without considerable interpretive errors, products such as the nozzles. Often, 2D drawings can be ambiguous and are open to errors in interpretation, especially in cases of complex designs, according to the Queensland Manufacturing Institute (QMI) report. Century Tool wanted to use the 3D CAD software to check for interferences in the design of a part a customer had charged Century Tool with building.

A Methodology for Building Up an Infrastructure of Haptically Enhanced Computer-Aided Design Systems

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weihang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Force Feedback ◽  
Haptic Rendering ◽  
Haptic Interface ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Aided Design

This paper presents an infrastructure that integrates a haptic interface into a mainstream computer-aided design (CAD) system. A haptic interface, by providing force feedback in human-computer interaction, can improve the working efficiency of CAD/computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) systems in a unique way. The full potential of the haptic technology is best realized when it is integrated effectively into the product development environment and process. For large manufacturing companies this means integration into a commercial CAD system (Stewart, et al., 1997, “Direct Integration of Haptic User Interface in CAD Systems,” ASME Dyn. Syst. Control Div., 61, pp. 93–99). Mainstream CAD systems typically use constructive solid geometry (CSG) and boundary representation (B-Rep) format as their native format, while internally they automatically maintain triangulated meshes for graphics display and for numerical evaluation tasks such as surface-surface intersection. In this paper, we propose to render a point-based haptic force feedback by leveraging built-in functions of the CAD systems. The burden of collision detection and haptic rendering computation is alleviated by using bounding spheres and an OpenGL feedback buffer. The major contribution of this paper is that we developed a sound structure and methodology for haptic interaction with native CAD models inside mainstream CAD systems. We did so by analyzing CAD application models and by examining haptic rendering algorithms. The technique enables the user to directly touch and manipulate native 3D CAD models in mainstream CAD systems with force/touch feedback. It lays the foundation for future tasks such as direct CAD model modification, dynamic simulation, and virtual assembly with the aid of a haptic interface. Hence, by integrating a haptic interface directly with mainstream CAD systems, the powerful built-in functions of CAD systems can be leveraged and enhanced to realize more agile 3D CAD design and evaluation.

Extending the Scope of Quality Assurance of CAD Systems: Putting Underlying Engineering Principles, Theories, and Methods on the Spotlight

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliab Z. Opiyo ◽  
Imre Horváth ◽  
Joris S. M. Vergeest
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Participatory Design ◽  
Extreme Programming ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Methods Development ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Physical Phenomena

This paper introduces the idea of extending quality assurance efforts in the processes of development of computer aided design (CAD) software systems to include formal review or testing of underlying engineering principles, theories, methods, or physical phenomena. It stems from the principle of disembodiment of CAD software systems and incorporates elements of existing well-established methodologies such as participatory design, extreme programming, and spiral software development. Under this approach, ideas’ generation, theories’ selection or creation, methods’ development, algorithms’ design, and pilot prototype implementation are the intermediate tasks in the early stages of the process of development of CAD software. Theories, methods, algorithms, and pilot prototypes are the deliverables of these tasks. Each task involves stepwise translation of requirements into a respective deliverable. Application experiences have shown that this procedure enlarges the scope of requirements’ acquisition and quality assurance of CAD software.

scholarly journals Automatized Evaluation of Students’ CAD Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Nenad Bojcetic ◽  
Filip Valjak ◽  
Dragan Zezelj ◽  
Tomislav Martinec
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computer Application ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Cad Model ◽  
Computer Solution ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Aided Design

The article describes an attempt to address the automatized evaluation of student three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided design (CAD) models. The driving idea was conceptualized under the restraints of the COVID pandemic, driven by the problem of evaluating a large number of student 3D CAD models. The described computer solution can be implemented using any CAD computer application that supports customization. Test cases showed that the proposed solution was valid and could be used to evaluate many students’ 3D CAD models. The computer solution can also be used to help students to better understand how to create a 3D CAD model, thereby complying with the requirements of particular teachers.

Geometric Modelling and Computer-Aided Design

2009 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Xun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Data Exchange ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Geometric Modelling ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Wire Frame ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

One of the key activities in any product design process is to develop a geometric model of the product from the conceptual ideas, which can then be augmented with further engineering information pertaining to the application area. For example, the geometric model of a design may be developed to include material and manufacturing information that can later be used in computer-aided process planning and manufacturing (CAPP/CAM) activities. A geometric model is also a must for any engineering analysis, such as finite elopement analysis (FEA). In mathematic terms, geometric modelling is concerned with defining geometric objects using computational geometry, which is often, represented through computer software or rather a geometric modelling kernel. Geometry may be defined with the help of a wire-frame model, surface model, or solid model. Geometric modelling has now become an integral part of any computer-aided design (CAD) system. In this chapter, various geometric modelling approaches, such as wire-frame, surface, and solid modelling will be discussed. Basic computational geometric methods for defining simple entities such as curves, surfaces, and solids are given. Concepts of parametric, variational, history-based, and history-free CAD systems are explained. These topics are discussed in this opening chapter because (a) CAD was the very first computer-aided technologies developed and (b) its related techniques and methods have been pervasive in the other related subjects like computer-aided manufacturing. This chapter only discusses CAD systems from the application point of view; CAD data formats and data exchange issues are covered in the second chapter.

scholarly journals Ενοποίηση πληροφοριακών μοντέλων στη διαδικασία ανάπτυξης του προϊόντος

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ελευθέριος Δερμιτζάκης
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Design Structure Matrix ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Assembly Model ◽  
Product Model ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Design Structure ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Design Systems ◽  
Aided Design

Η διαδικασία σχεδίασης και ανάπτυξης ενός προϊόντος απαιτεί τη συνεργασία πολλών οργανωτικών μονάδων στις διάφορες δραστηριότητες που απαιτούνται ώστε το τελικό προϊόν να εισαχθεί στην αγορά. Στη διαδικασία σχεδίασης και ανάπτυξης προϊόντων με χρήση υπολογιστή, υπάρχουν πολλοί διαφορετικοί τύποι και εκδόσεις λογισμικών που χρησιμοποιούνται για την υποστήριξη των δραστηριοτήτων και την εκτέλεση των διαδικασιών σχεδιασμού και παραγωγής. Διαφορετικά συστήματα συνήθως χρησιμοποιούν διαφορετικά σχήματα αναπαράστασης πληροφοριών. Αυτό δυσκολεύει την ολοκλήρωση και το καταμερισμό των πληροφοριών στην ομάδα ανάπτυξης ακόμη και μέσα σε μια ενιαία επιχείρηση. Η τεχνολογία μοντελοποίησης σε διαδικασίες σχεδιασμού προϊόντων διαδραμάτισε έναν θεμελιώδη ρόλο στην υποστήριξη της αποτελεσματικής διανομής πληροφοριών και γνώσης.Στην προτεινόμενη έρευνα θα ενοποιηθούν δύο είδη μοντέλων, τα μοντέλα του προϊόντος με τα μοντέλα ροής των εργασιών, ώστε να γίνει μια ολοκλήρωση των πρώτων πέραν των ορίων της παραγωγής και για τα δεύτερα να ανταπεξέλθουν στα προβλήματα που έχουν με την εγκυρότητα δεδομένων.Η εργασία βασίζεται στο μοντέλο CPM-Core Product Model και επικεντρώθηκε στην επέκταση του αρχικού εννοιολογικού μοντέλου του Μοντέλου Ανοικτής Συναρμολόγησης (OAM - Open Assembly Model). Πρώτα υλοποιήθηκε το Ενδιάμεσο Μοντέλο παρέχοντας τις δομές δεδομένων που χρειάζονται για την αποθήκευση των αντικειμένων και στη συνέχεια προχωρά στην υλοποίηση μιας αντικειμενοστραφούς πλατφόρμας ολοκληρώνοντάς το σε Μοντέλο Υλοποίησης.Για την ενοποίηση του μοντέλου ΠΔΣ-Πίνακα Δομής Σχεδίασης (Design structure Model - DSM) και του Μοντέλου Ανοικτής Συναρμολόγησης (Open Assembly Model - OAM/NIST) χρησιμοποιήθηκε ο Πίνακας Δομής Σχεδίασης Συστατικών ο οποίος με τη βοήθεια αλγορίθμων ομαδοποίησης εστιάζει στην εύρεση υποσυνόλων στοιχείων μιας συναρμολόγησης, ελαχιστοποιώντας προβλήματα στην αρχική σχεδίαση (επαναλήψεις και αναδράσεις).Η ενοποίηση των δύο μοντέλων επιτυγχάνεται κάνοντας χρήση της τεχνολογίας αγωγών (pipeline) που χρησιμοποιείται ευρέως στην τεχνολογία λογισμικού. Συγκεκριμένα, η πληροφορία ρέει από το μοντέλο ΟΑΜ στο μοντέλο DSM δημιουργώντας έτσι εικονικούς αγωγούς ροής πληροφορίας από τα στάδια της αρχικής σχεδίασης μέχρι τη συναρμολόγηση του προϊόντος. Η τροφοδότηση πληροφορίας από το ένα μοντέλο στο άλλο απαιτεί βέβαια μετασχηματισμούς δεδομένων που πρέπει να παρέχουν και εννοιολογική και σημασιολογική αναπαράσταση. Το μοντέλο ενοποίησης που προκύπτει (Open Αssembly Model to Design Structure Matrix - OAM2DSM) συνδέει τις δύο αυτές μεθόδους χρησιμοποιώντας το ΟΑΜ/NIST ως μοντέλο διεπαφής μεταξύ των λογισμικών σχεδίασης (Computer Aided Design systems - CAD systems) και του μοντέλου DSM. Η ενοποίηση αυτή:•Υποστηρίζει τη διαδικασία σχεδίασης από τα πρώιμα στάδια της και καθ’ όλη τη διάρκεια του κύκλου ζωής ενός προϊόντος.•Ισχυροποιεί την ενοποίηση συστημάτων σχεδίασης CAD με συστήματα ανάλυσης.•Δίνει μια δυνατότητα πρόβλεψης στη σχεδίαση, συμβάλλοντας έτσι στη μείωση του χρόνου σχεδίασης μιας και εντοπίζονται γρηγορότερα σχεδιαστικές αστοχίες ή λάθη. •Παρέχει ένα ισχυρό πληροφοριακό μοντέλο, ικανό να αποτυπώσει την εξέλιξη της σχεδίασης και τη ροή της πληροφορίας σε όλα της τα στάδια.•Είναι ανεξάρτητη πλατφόρμας σχεδίασης (Απαραίτητη προϋπόθεση είναι το λογισμικό σχεδίασης να υποστηρίζει το πρότυπο ISO10303 STEP).•Προσθέτει στο ΟΑΜ ένα επιπλέον χαρακτηριστικό, αυτό της τμηματικής σχεδίασης μιας και η ομαδοποίηση που προτείνεται στον ΠΔΣ αρχιτεκτονικής (συστατικών) δίνει ομάδες συναρμολογήσεων με ισχυρή αλληλεπίδραση και εξάρτηση. Αυτή η δυνατότητα ισχυροποιεί τη συνεργατική σχεδίαση).

scholarly journals Laser Scanning Based Object Detection to Realize Digital Blank Shadows for Autonomous Process Planning in Machining

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Berend Denkena ◽  
Marcel Wichmann ◽  
Klaas Maximilian Heide ◽  
René Räker
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
Scan Paths ◽  
Interference Signals ◽  
Aided Design

The automated process chain of an unmanned production system is a distinct challenge in the technical state of the art. In particular, accurate and fast raw-part recognition is a current problem in small-batch production. This publication proposes a method for automatic optical raw-part detection to generate a digital blank shadow, which is applied for adapted CAD/CAM (computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing) planning. Thereby, a laser-triangulation sensor is integrated into the machine tool. For an automatic raw-part detection and a workpiece origin definition, a dedicated algorithm for creating a digital blank shadow is introduced. The algorithm generates adaptive scan paths, merges laser lines and machine axis data, filters interference signals, and identifies part edges and surfaces according to a point cloud. Furthermore, a dedicated software system is introduced to investigate the created approach. This method is integrated into a CAD/CAM system, with customized software libraries for communication with the CNC (computer numerical control) machine. The results of this study show that the applied method can identify the positions, dimensions, and shapes of different raw parts autonomously, with deviations less than 1 mm, in 2.5 min. Moreover, the measurement and process data can be transferred without errors to different hardware and software systems. It was found that the proposed approach can be applied for rough raw-part detection, and in combination with a touch probe for accurate detection.

scholarly journals A Focus On Use

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (02) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Thilmany
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Vice President ◽  
Cad Systems ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Industrial Designers ◽  
Aided Design

This article analyses the need and benefit of the working of industrial designers and product engineers together. According to engineers and others at the forefront of product development, to do the job right requires a collaboration involving design engineers, industrial designers, manufacturing engineers, and several other players, like marketing people, all of whom have important knowledge that needs to influence a design. Companies such as Trek Bicycle Corp. and Empire Level Manufacturing Corp. have developed practices that foster innovative, human-centered product development. Experts agree that computer-aided design (CAD) and rapid prototyping applications are the two most helpful systems, even though the two types of designers may use the tools in somewhat several ways. According to Rainer Gawlick, vice president of marketing at SolidWorks in Concord, Massachusetts, current CAD systems can help bridge the design-to-engineering-to-manufacturing gap.

Of algorithms, buildings and fighter jets: a conversation with Robin Forrest

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Cardoso Llach ◽  
Robin Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Shape Representation ◽  
Computational Design ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Engineering Mathematics ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
History Of ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The University

A founding member of the Computer-Aided Design Group at the University of Cambridge, UK, and a student and collaborator of CAD pioneer Steven A. Coons at MIT, Robin Forrest occupies an important place in the history of computational design. Along with important contributions to the mathematics of shape representation, his coining of the term ‘computational geometry’ in 1971 offered a handle on design techniques that started to emerge – somewhat uncomfortably at first – in the interstices of engineering, mathematics, and the fledgling field of computer science. Initially fostered by governmentsponsored research into Computer-Aided Design for aircraft and car manufacturing, the methods he helped develop have since been encoded in countless commercial software systems for 3D modelling and simulation, helping structure the intellectual work – and the professional identity – of architects, engineers, and other practitioners of design.

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