Optimization of a Tire Traction Model for Antilock Brake System Simulations

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Shear Forces ◽  
Data Simulation ◽  
Antilock Brake System ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
System Variables ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Selection Of

The cost effective design of antilock brake systems for automobiles requires the use of computer aided design and analysis techniques, as well as traditional invehicle testing. An important consideration in the simulation of the vehicle and brake dynamics is the generation of the shear forces and aligning torques at the tire/road interface. Frequently, experimental tire data gathered over a limited number of road surfaces is extrapolated to test antilock brake systems on a variety of roads. However, this approach may lead to problems in correlating the simulated system performance with actual vehicle tests. In this study, nonlinear programming strategies are applied to an analytical tire model to facilitate the selection of system variables. The formulation of an optimization problem to determine these variables permits the generation of shear forces which correspond fairly well with the empirical data. Simulation results are presented and discussed for five road surfaces to indicate the overall performance of this technique.

CAD Of Anticorrosive Protection Of Steel Structures

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coating ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Computational Tool ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aided Design

The choice of cost-effective method of anticorrosive protection of steel structures is an urgent and time consuming task, considering the significant number of protection ways, differing from each other in the complex of technological, physical, chemical and economic characteristics. To reduce the complexity of solving this problem, the author proposes a computational tool that can be considered as a subsystem of computer-aided design and used at the stage of variant and detailed design of steel structures. As a criterion of the effectiveness of the anti-corrosion protection method, the cost of the protective coating during the service life is accepted. The analysis of existing methods of steel protection against corrosion is performed, the possibility of their use for the protection of the most common steel structures is established, as well as the estimated period of effective operation of the coating. The developed computational tool makes it possible to choose the best method of protection of steel structures against corrosion, taking into account the operating conditions of the protected structure and the possibility of using a protective coating.

Design of special tools by CAD/CAM systems

1998 ◽  
Vol 212 (5) ◽  
pp. 357-371
Author(s):  
J C Rico ◽  
S Mateos ◽  
E Cuesta ◽  
C M Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Automatic Design ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Optimum Cutting ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Cam Systems ◽  
Selection Of

This paper presents a program for the automatic design of special tools developed under a CAD/CAM (computer aided design/manufacture) system. In particular, the special tools made with standard components have been considered. Since the design of these types of tools was essentially related to the selection of their components, this paper deals with this aspect, insisting upon the selection of those components directly related to the removal of material: the toolholders or cartridges and the inserts. To select these components it is necessary to take into account not only geometrical or technological rules but also economical ones, owing to the high amount of possible components they can select. Consideration of economical aspects required the formulation of the cost equation associated with the use of these types of tools, characterized because their cutting edges coincide with different cutting velocities. Likewise, consideration of economical aspects allows the selection of the optimum cutting conditions and the cutting components to take place at the same time. Some of the geometrical and technological parameters related to the selection of cutting components are automatically identified by the system through an automatic identification of the workpiece profile.

Effect of infill and density pattern on the mechanical behaviour of ABS parts manufactured by FDM using Taguchi and ANOVA approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
M. Othmani ◽  
K. Zarbane ◽  
A. Chouaf
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Numerical Test ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Tensile Behaviour ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Tensile ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aided Design

Purpose: The present work aims to investigate the effect of many infill patterns (rectilinear, line, grid, triangles, cubic, concentric, honeycomb, 3D honeycomb) and the infill density on the mechanical tensile strength of an Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) test specimen manufactured numerically by FDM. Design/methodology/approach: Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software has been used to model the geometry and the mesostructure of the test specimens in a fully automatic manner from a G-code file by using a script. Then, a Numerical Design of Experiments (NDoE) has been carried out by using Taguchi method and the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The tensile behaviour of these numerical test specimens has been studied by the Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Findings: The FEA results showed that a maximal Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) was reached by using the ‘concentric’ infill pattern combined with an infill density of 30%. The results also show that the infill pattern and the infill density are significant factors. Research limitations/implications: The low infill densities of 20% and 30% that have already been used in many previous studies, we have also applied it in order to reduce the time of the simulations. Indeed, with high infill density, the simulations take a very excessive time. In an ongoing study, we predicted higher percentages. Practical implications: This study provided an important modelling tool for the design and manufacture of functional parts and helps the FDM practitioners and engineers to manufacture strong and lightweight FDM parts by choosing the optimal process parameters. Originality/value: This study elucidated the effect of various infill patterns on the tensile properties of the test specimens and applied for the first time a NDoE using numerical test specimens created by the mesostructured approach, which considerably minimized the cost of the experiments while obtaining an error of 6.8% between the numerical and the experimental values of the UTS.

Automated Design of Optimum Belt Drives

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipendra K. Sinha ◽  
Michael T. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Database Management ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Automated Design ◽  
Drive System ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Belt Drives ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The paper describes a belt design package which works from within a commercial Computer Aided Design and Drafting package (AutoCAD) environment and utilizes FORTRAN programs for design and selection of lowest weight components for the drive system. The components used in the process are available as stock items in U.S.A. The relevant information on these products is stored in commercial database management systems such as EXCEL and LOTUS 1-2-3. Output from the package consists of scaled drawing and tabular specifications.

Design and development of a novel 3D-printed non-metallic self-locking prosthetic arm for a forequarter amputation

2020 ◽  
pp. 030936462094829 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trevor Binedell ◽  
Eugene Meng ◽  
Karupppasamy Subburaj
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Prosthetic Design ◽  
Forequarter Amputation ◽  
Digital Scanning ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aided Design

Background: Upper limb, in particular forequarter amputations, require highly customised devices that are often expensive and underutilised. Objectives: The objective of this study was to design and develop a comfortable 3D-printed cosmetic forequarter prosthetic device, which was lightweight, cool to wear, had an elbow that could lock, matched the appearance of the contralateral arm and was completely free of metal for a specific user’s needs. Study Design: Device design. Technique: An iterative user-centred design approach was used for digitising, designing and developing a functional 3D-printed prosthetic arm for an acquired forequarter amputation, while optimising the fit and function after each prototype. Results: The cost of the final arm was 20% less expensive than a traditionally-made forequarter prostheses in Singapore. The Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology (QUEST) 2.0 survey was administered, with results indicating that the 3D-printed arm was preferred due to its overall effectiveness, accurate size, ease of use and suspension. However, durability had a lower score, and the weight of the arm was 100 g heavier than the user’s current prosthesis. The technique described resulted in a precise fitting and shaped forequarter prosthesis for the user. Using the user’s feedback in the iterations of the design resulted in improved QUEST survey results indicating the device was effective, easy to use, perceived as lighter and more secure than the user’s traditionally-made device. Conclusion: A fully customised cosmetic forequarter prosthesis was designed and developed using digital scanning, computer-aided design modelling and 3D printing for a specific user. These technologies enable new avenues for highly complex prosthetic design innovations.

scholarly journals A New Split Gate Resurf Stepped Oxide UMOSFET Structure with High Doped Epitaxial Layer for Improving Figure of Merit (FOM)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7895
Author(s):  
Runze Chen ◽  
Lixin Wang ◽  
Hongkai Zhang ◽  
Mengyao Cui ◽  
Min Guo
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Epitaxial Layer ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Figure Of Merit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Oxide Semiconductor ◽  
Fabrication Procedure ◽  
Conventional Structure ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Reduced Surface

The split gate resurf stepped oxide with highly doped epitaxial layer (HDSGRSO) UMOSFET has been proposed. The epitaxial layer of HDSGRSO u-shape metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (UMOSFET) has been divided into three parts: the upper epitaxial layer, the lower epitaxial layer and the middle epitaxial layer with higher doping concentration. The research shows that the reduced SURface field (RESURF) active has been enhanced due to the high doped epitaxial layer, which can modulate the electric field distribution and reduce the internal high electric field. Therefore, the HDGRSO UMOSFET has a higher breakdown voltage (BV), a lower on-state specific resistance (RSP) and a better figure of merit (FOM). According to the results of Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulations, the FOM (BV2/RSP) of HDSGRSO UMOSFET has been improved by 464%, and FOM (RSP × Qgd) of HDSGRSO UMOSFET has been reduced by 27.9% compared to the conventional structure, respectively, when the BV is 240 V. Furthermore, there is no extra special process required in this advanced fabrication procedure, which is relatively cost-effective and achievable.

scholarly journals Evaluating additive manufacturing for the production of custom head supports: A comparison against a commercial head support under static loading conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (5) ◽  
pp. 458-467
Author(s):  
Jonathan D Howard ◽  
Dominic Eggbeer ◽  
Peter Dorrington ◽  
Feras Korkees ◽  
Lorna H Tasker
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Static Loading ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Rear Surface ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Maximum Displacement ◽  
Wheelchair Users ◽  
Continuous Filament ◽  
Aided Design

The provision of wheelchair seating accessories, such as head supports, is often limited to the use of commercial products. Additive manufacturing has the potential to produce custom seating components, but there are very few examples of published work. This article reports a method of utilising 3D scanning, computer-aided design and additive manufacturing for the fabrication of a custom head support for a wheelchair. Three custom head supports, of the same shape, were manufactured in nylon using a continuous filament fabrication machine. The custom head supports were tested against an equivalent and widely used commercial head support using ISO 16840-3:2014. The head supports were statically loaded in two configurations, one modelling a posterior force on the inner rear surface and the other modelling a lateral force on the side. The posterior force resulted in failure of the supporting bracketry before the custom head support. A similar magnitude of forces was applied laterally for the custom and commercial head support. When the load was removed, the custom recovered to its original shape while the commercial sustained plastic deformation. The addition of a joint in the head support increased the maximum displacement, 128.6 mm compared to 71.7 mm, and the use of carbon fibre resulted in the head support sustaining a higher force at larger displacements, increase in 30 N. Based on the deformation and recovery characteristics, the results indicate that additive manufacturing could be an appropriate method to produce lighter weight, highly customised, cost-effective and safe head supports for wheelchair users.

Computer Aided Design of a New Universal Clamping Mechanism

2014 ◽  
Vol 597 ◽  
pp. 417-420
Author(s):  
Jeremy Zheng Li
Keyword(s):  
3D Modeling ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Geometrical Shape ◽  
Automated Production ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
New Type ◽  
Aided Design

The tooling and fixture play important roles in manufacturing and production. It affects both product quality and quantity. Better tooling and fixture can also promote cost-effective manufacturing process. This paper introduces a new type of universal clamping mechanism based on computer-aided 3D modeling, engineering structural analysis, and prototype testing. It can be applied to easily and reliably clamp different geometrical shape of work pieces per user requirements. This new clamping mechanism, with less moving components, can assist manufacturing industry for high speed production, easy part handling, precise clamping, and lower tooling cost. Keywords: Computer-aided design, automated production, 3D modeling, cost-effective, high speed manufacturing, engineering analysis, optimization, efficient;

Computer Aided Design of Manufacturing of Anchors and Formulation of the Optimization Task for in Use Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 372-382
Author(s):  
Mariusz Skóra ◽  
Stanislaw Weglarczyk ◽  
Jan Kusiak ◽  
Maciej Pietrzyk
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Rheological Models ◽  
Optimization Task ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Bainitic Steels ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Selection Of

Computer aided design of the manufacturing technology for anchors is presented in the paper. Evaluation of applicability of various materials for anchors, as well as analysis of the influence of process parameters on the in use properties of product, were the objectives of the research. In the material part, bainitic steels were considered as an alternative for the commonly used C-Mn steels. Possibility of elimination of the heat treatment was evaluated. Rheological models for the investigated steels were developed and implemented into the finite element code for simulations of drawing and multi stage forging. Criteria for the selection of the best manufacturing chain composed dimensional accuracy, tool life and product properties. Industrial trials were performed for the selected cycle and the efficiency of this cycle was evaluated. Finally, simulations of the in use behaviour of the anchor-concrete joint were performed. On the basis of the simulations the optimization task using strength of the joint as the objective function was formulated

CAD-Based Calculation of Cutting Force Components in Gear Hobbing

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapoglou Nikolaos ◽  
Antoniadis Aristomenis
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Gear Hobbing ◽  
Involute Gears ◽  
Cutting Force Components ◽  
Force Components ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aided Design

Gear hobbing is a common method of manufacturing high precision involute gears. The thorough knowledge of the developed cutting forces and the wear of the cutting tool are of great importance in order to produce helical and spur gears as they influence the cost of the manufacturing process and the quality of the produced gear. A novel simulation code called HOB3D was created in accordance with the above. This code can simulate the complex movements involved in gear hobbing with the best available accuracy, which is achieved by embedding the developed algorithm in a commercial computer aided design (CAD) environment. The simulation code calculates and exports the total cutting forces as well as the cutting forces in every cutting edge involved in the cutting process.

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