Real-time CNC Tool Path Generation for Machining IGES Surfaces

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 480-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. D. Chen ◽  
J. Ni ◽  
S. M. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Contour Error ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Motion Controller ◽  
Cnc System ◽  
Generation Algorithm ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Data Files

A real-time CNC tool path generation algorithm has been developed for machining IGES surfaces. IGES-based CAD data files can be directly inputted to the CNC system and the tool paths generated in real time can be passed to a motion controller during cutting via a Multibuss II backplane structure. The development of such a real-time tool path generation method has eliminated the need for a tradeoff between the desired surface accuracy and the required memory size for storing off-line generated NC codes. The real-time NC path generation algorithm can properly deal with issues such as trimming lines, gouging detection, and adaptive tool step adjustment. The developed algorithm has been implemented on a multi-processor CNC system and verified through actual cutting tests. The test results show that no violating conditions occurred on machined part surfaces, and the surface contour error of the cut part is less than the given tolerance, which was 0.02 mm in this particular test.

Use of a virtual milling system to generate power-aware tool paths for 2.5-dimensional pocket machining

2019 ◽  
Vol 233 (13) ◽  
pp. 2419-2435 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Manuel Ochoa González ◽  
Joao Carlos Espindola Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Machining Time ◽  
Power Requirement ◽  
Pocket Machining ◽  
Direction Parallel ◽  
Generation Algorithm ◽  
Tool Paths

Traditional (direction-parallel and contour-parallel) and non-traditional (trochoidal) tool paths are generated by specialized geometric algorithms based on the pocket shape and various parameters. However, the tool paths generated with those methods do not usually consider the required machining power. In this work, a method for generating power-aware tool paths is presented, which uses the power consumption estimation for the calculation of the tool path. A virtual milling system was developed to integrate with the tool path generation algorithm in order to obtain tool paths with precise power requirement control. The virtual milling system and the tests used to calibrate it are described within this article, as well as the proposed tool path generation algorithm. Results from machining a test pocket are presented, including the real and the estimated power requirements. Those results were compared with a contour-parallel tool path strategy, which has a shorter machining time but has higher in-process power consumption.

Study of The Tool Path Generation Method of an Ultra-Precision Spherical Complex Surface Based on a Five-Axis Machine Tool

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianji Xing ◽  
Xuesen Zhao ◽  
Zhipeng Cui ◽  
Rongkai Tan ◽  
Tao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Spherical Surface ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Spherical Surfaces ◽  
Spherical Complex ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Five Axis

Abstract The improvement of ultra-precision machining technology has significantly boosted the demand for the surface quality and surface accuracy of the workpieces to be machined. However, the geometric shapes of workpiece surfaces cannot be adequately manufactured with simple plane, cylindrical, or spherical surfaces because of their different applications in various fields. In this research, a method was proposed to generate tool paths for the machining of complex spherical surfaces based on an ultra-precise five-axis turning and milling machine with a C-Y-Z-X-B structure. Through the proposed tool path generation method, ultra-precise complex spherical surface machining was achieved. First, the complex spherical surface model was modeled and calculated, and then it was combined with the designed model to generate the tool path. Then the tool paths were generated with a numerically controlled (NC) program. Based on an ultra-precision three-coordinate measuring instrument and a white light interferometer, the machining accuracy of a workpiece surface was characterized, and t[1]he effectiveness of the provided tool path generation method was verified. The surface roughness of the machined workpiece was less than 90 nm. Furthermore, the surface roughness within the spherical region appeared to be less than 30 nm. The presented tool path generation method in this research produced ultra-precision spherical complex surfaces. The method could be applied to complex spherical surfaces with other characteristics.

Sheet Metal Laser Cutting Tool Path Generation: Dealing with Overlooked Problem Aspects

2015 ◽  
Vol 639 ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reginald Dewil ◽  
Pieter Vansteenwegen ◽  
Dirk Cattrysse
Keyword(s):  
Penalty Function ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Metal Sheet ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Plate Edge ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Easy Problem

This paper deals with non-trivial problem aspects of laser cutting tool path generation that, to the best of our knowledge, received relatively little attention in the scientific literature. It is shown that some aspects such as plate edge nesting, skeleton and remnant cutting, and clamp positioning can be modeled and solved with little additional effort using existing tool path algorithms. However, concepts such as collision avoidance, pre-cut optimization, and bridge utilization prove to be more challenging and will require more profound algorithmic adjustments if these have to be taken into account fully. An even harder problem aspect is generating tool paths that are thermally feasible. Since laser cutting introduces net heat into the metal sheet, the metal sheet tends to heat up as the cutting progresses. Quality deterioration can occur if the laser spends too much time cutting in the same region. It is shown how to model the easy problem extensions in order to handle them using existing problem approaches and solution approaches are suggested to tackle the harder concepts. In addition, a proof of concept is presented that shows that thermal feasible tool paths can be generated through a multi-start heuristic utilizing a thermal penalty function. A finite difference method iteratively (or concurrently dependent on the used heuristic) evaluates the thermal feasibility and updates the penalty function.

Lofting-based spiral tool path generation algorithm for milling a pocket with an island

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 (5-8) ◽  
pp. 2169-2178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiping Liu ◽  
Xiongbing Li ◽  
Yongfeng Song ◽  
Bing Yi ◽  
Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Generation Algorithm ◽  
Spiral Tool Path

Tool Path Generation for 5-Axis Rough Cutting Using Haptic Device

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 808-815
Author(s):  
Koichi Morishige ◽  
Satoshi Mori ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Target Object ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Haptic Device ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Haptic Devices ◽  
Tool Paths

CAM software is generally used to generate tool paths for 5-axis controlled machining. However, adjusting its several parameters and settings is difficult. We propose a system for tool path generation to be applied to 5-axis controlled machining. The system allows machining movements to be established by manipulating haptic devices in a virtual environment. Therefore, the cutter location for 5-axis machining can be easily controlled by operating a virtual cutting tool. The contact between the cutting tool and the target shape is reflected to the user through the haptic device. The generated path can be converted into a numerical control program for the actual machining of the target object. We detail the implementation of the proposed interface using two haptic devices and a method of tool path generation that improves rough cutting by smoothing the generated cutting points and simplifying the tool postures. The effectiveness of the developed system is confirmed through machining simulations.

Tool Path Generation for Single Point Incremental Forming Using Intelligent Sequencing and Multi-Step Mesh Morphing Techniques

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 1408-1418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amar Kumar Behera ◽  
Bert Lauwers ◽  
Joost R. Duflou
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Mapping Strategy ◽  
Integrated Technique ◽  
Improved Accuracy ◽  
Sequencing Procedure

A new methodology of generating optimized tool paths for incremental sheet forming is proposed in this work. The objective is to make parts with improved accuracy. To enable this, a systematic technique of creating features using a morph mapping strategy is developed. This strategy is based on starting with a shape different from the final shape, available as a triangulated STL model, and using step-wise incremental deformation to the original mesh to arrive at the final part shape. Further, optimal tool path generation requires intelligent sequencing of partial tool paths that may be applied specifically to certain features on the part. The sequencing procedure is discussed next and a case study showing the application of the integrated technique is illustrated.

A New Tool-Path Generation Algorithm for Sculptured Surface Using Taper-Cutter

2007 ◽  
Vol 10-12 ◽  
pp. 308-311
Author(s):  
Li Cheng Fan ◽  
L.N. Sun ◽  
Zhi Jiang Du
Keyword(s):  
Path Planning ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Sculptured Surface ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Tool Path Planning ◽  
Generation Algorithm ◽  
Mesh Approximation ◽  
Simulation And Experiment

In 3-axis NC machining, most algorithms of the sculptured surface tool-path generation are valid for ball-cutter, and the axes are designed to realize pure translation. A tool-path generation algorithm using taper-cuter is proposed in this article. And one axis of the 3-axis NC tool machine is designed to realize swing motion. The Stereo Lithography (STL) model is the most popular triangular mesh approximation of the 3D surface model. Considering the special swing mechanical and taper-cutter, arc-zigzag tool-path planning and deform Z-map grid methods are proposed, which incorporate triangular vertexes method and the Z-map method. Finally, some simulation and experiment results are provided.

Tool path generation for ultra-precision polishing of freeform optical surfaces in an off-axis three-mirror imaging system

2015 ◽  
Vol 231 (5) ◽  
pp. 814-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dengpeng Huang ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Shijun Ji ◽  
Ji Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Tool Path ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Concentric Circle ◽  
Tool Path Generation ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Path Generation ◽  
Freeform Surfaces ◽  
Primary Mirror ◽  
Tool Paths ◽  
Ultra Precision

The optical performance of the off-axis three-mirror imaging system can be greatly improved using freeform surfaces. This article focuses on the polishing of the primary mirror and tertiary mirror in an off-axis three-mirror imaging system. The primary mirror and tertiary mirror are fabricated on one monolithic substrate and described by non-uniform rational B-spline–based freeform surfaces. The separated and integrated polishing strategies are presented for polishing the two mirrors on the four-axis computer numerical control polishing platform. A tool path generation approach is proposed for polishing of the non-uniform rational B-spline–based freeform surface. Three kinds of the tool paths are given for ultra-precision polishing of the primary mirror and tertiary mirror with the freeform surfaces. The concentric circle path and the approximately concentric circle path are generated for polishing two mirrors separately, while the spiral path is calculated for integrated polishing of two mirrors simultaneously. The polishing tool posture along the planned tool paths is also analyzed. The ultra-precision polishing experiments of the primary mirror and tertiary mirror on the four-axis computer numerical control polishing platform are performed to verify the proposed approach for tool path generation.

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