Prediction of Combustion Parameters, Performance, and Emissions in Compressed Natural Gas and Gasoline SI Engines

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Baratta ◽  
Andrea E. Catania ◽  
Stefano d’Ambrosio ◽  
Ezio Spessa
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Flame Kernel ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Combustion Phase

The simulation of heat release, flame propagation speeds, and pollutant formation was carried out in both a turbocharged compressed natural gas (CNG) engine and a multivalve naturally aspirated bifuel engine running on either CNG or gasoline. The predictive tool used for investigation is based on an enhanced fractal geometry concept of the flame front, which is able to capture the modulation of turbulent to laminar burning speed ratio throughout the overall combustion phase without introducing flame kernel growth or burnout submodels. The prediction model was applied to a wide range of engine speeds, loads, relative air-fuel ratios, and spark advances, and the obtained results were compared to experimental data. These latter were extracted from measured in-cylinder pressure by an advanced diagnostics technique that was previously developed by the authors. The results confirmed a quite accurate prediction of burning speed even without any kind of tuning, with respect to different currently available fractal as well as nonfractal approaches for the simulation of flame-turbulence interaction. Furthermore, the computational code proved to be capable of capturing the effects of fuel composition, different combustion-chamber concepts, and operating conditions on engine performance and emissions.

Prediction of Combustion Velocities, Indicated-Cycle Pressure in the Closed-Valve Phase and Operating Condition Effects on Performance and Emissions of CNG and Gasoline SI Engines

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirko Baratta ◽  
Elena Caristo ◽  
Andrea E. Catania ◽  
Ezio Spessa
Keyword(s):  
Turbulence Modeling ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Flame Kernel ◽  
Fractal Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Performance And Emissions

The simulation of heat release, flame propagation speeds and pollutant formation was carried out in both a turbocharged CNG engine and a multivalve naturally-aspirated bi-fuel engine running on either CNG or gasoline. The predictive tool used for investigation is based on an enhanced fractal geometry concept of the flame front which is able to capture the modulation of turbulent to laminar burning speed ratio throughout the overall combustion phase without introducing flame kernel growth or burn out sub-models. The fractal approach is coupled to a simple refined quasi-dimensional multizone combustion model, which includes specifically developed sub-models for evaluating CO and NO formation, in addition to a CAD procedure to determine the burned-gas front area and radius, as is detaild in [16]. An insight is also given into main features of in-cylinder turbulence modeling, as an easy and effective evaluation of the turbulence intensity is needed for an accurate computation of the turbulent burning speed. The predictive model was applied to a wide range of engine speeds (N = 2000–5500 rpm), loads (bmep = 200–790 kPa for the naturally-aspirated engine, bmep = 200–1400 kPa for the turbocharged one), relative air-fuel ratios (RAFR = 0.80–1.60) and spark advances (SA ranging from 8 deg of retard to 8 deg of advance from MBT), and the obtained results were compared to experimental data. These latter were extracted from measured in-cylinder pressure by an advanced diagnostics technique that was previously developed by the authors. The results confirmed a quite accurate prediction of burning speed even without any kind of tuning, with respect to different currently available fractal as well as non-fractal approaches for the simulation of flame-turbulence interaction. Furthermore, the authors’ computational code showed to be capable of capturing the effects of fuel composition, different combustion-chamber concepts, and operating conditions on engine performance and emissions.

Combustion characteristics of compressed natural gas/diesel dual-fuel turbocharged compressed ignition engine

2003 ◽  
Vol 217 (9) ◽  
pp. 833-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Shenghua ◽  
Zhou Longbao ◽  
Wang Ziyan ◽  
Ren Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Delay Effects ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Ci Engine

The combustion characteristics of a turbocharged natural gas and diesel dual-fuelled compression ignition (CI) engine are investigated. With the measured cylinder pressures of the engine operated on pure diesel and dual fuel, the ignition delay, effects of pilot diesel and engine load on combustion characteristics are analysed. Emissions of HC, CO, NOx and smoke are measured and studied too. The results show that the quantity of pilot diesel has important effects on the performance and emissions of a dual-fuel engine at low-load operating conditions. Ignition delay varies with the concentration of natural gas. Smoke is much lower for the developed dual-fuel engine under all the operating conditions.

scholarly journals SI engine performance, lubricant oil deterioration, and emission: A comparison of liquid and gaseous fuel

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 168781402093045
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
Muhammad Wajid Saleem ◽  
Syed Saqib ◽  
Jamal Umer ◽  
Ahmad Naveed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Specific Energy ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Specific Energy Consumption ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Lubricant Oil ◽  
Brake Power

Considering the importance of alternative fuels in IC engines for environment safety, compressed natural gas has been extensively employed in SI engines. However, scarce efforts have been made to investigate the effect of compressed natural gas on engine lubricant oil for a long duration. In this regard, a comprehensive analysis has been made on the engine performance, emissions, and lubricant oil conditions using gasoline ( G)92 and compressed natural gas at different operating conditions using reliable sampling methods. The key parameters of the engine performance like brake power and brake-specific energy consumption were investigated at 80% throttle opening within 1500–4500 range of r/min. For the sake of emission tests, speed was varied uniformly by varying the load at a constant throttle. Furthermore, the engine was run at high and low loads for lubricant oil comparison. Although compressed natural gas showed a decrease in brake-specific energy consumption (7.94%) and emissions content, ( G)92 performed relatively better in the case of brake power (39.93% increase). Moreover, a significant improvement was observed for wear debris, lubricant oil physiochemical characteristics, and additives depletion in the case of compressed natural gas than those of ( G)92. The contents of metallic particles were decreased by 23.58%, 36.25%, 42.42%, and 66.67% for iron, aluminum, copper, and lead, respectively, for compressed natural gas.

To Study the Effects of (Compressed Natural Gas + Diesel) Under Dual Fuel Mode on Engine Performance and Emissions Characteristic

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Piyushi Nautiyal ◽  
Kamalasish Dev
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Pilot Fuel ◽  
Energy Share ◽  
Engine Performance And Emissions

The present study is investigated on the performance and emissions characteristics of a diesel engine fuelled by compressed natural gas and base diesel (CNG + Diesel). The CNG fuels used as the primary fuel, and diesel as pilot fuel under dual-fuel mode. The pilot fuel is partially replaced by CNG at a different percentage. The primary fuel is injected into the engine with intake air during the suction stroke. The experimental results reveal the effect of CNG + diesel under dual fuel mode on BTE, BSFC, CO, CO2, HC, NOx and Smoke. It is observed from the experimental results that CO2, NOx and Smoke emissions decreased but HC and CO emissions increase with an increase in CNG energy share.

Performance and Emissions Characteristics Investigation of a Bi-Fuel SI Engine Fuelled by CNG and Gasoline

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abazar Shamekhi ◽  
Nima Khatibzadeh ◽  
Amir H. Shamekhi
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Engine Fuel ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Sources

Nowadays, increased attention has been focused on internal combustion engine fuels. Regarding environmental effects of internal combustion engines particularly as pollutant sources and depletion of fossil fuel resources, compressed natural gas (CNG) has been introduced as an effective alternative to gasoline and diesel fuel in many applications. A high research octane number allows combustion at higher compression ratios without knocking and good emission characteristics of HC and CO are major benefits of CNG as an engine fuel. In this paper, CNG as an alternative fuel in a spark ignition engine has been considered. Engine performance and exhaust emissions have been experimentally studied for CNG and gasoline in a wide range of the engine operating conditions.

Review of Methanol and Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) as Alternative for Transportation Fuels

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gandhidasan ◽  
A. Ertas ◽  
E. E. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Transportation Fuels ◽  
Performance And Emissions ◽  
Fuel Storage ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Engine Performance And Emissions

Concern over the environment and a potential oil shortage has resulted in an intensified research for alternative fuels for the transportation sector. Two fuels given strong consideration are methanol and compressed natural gas (CNG). This paper is a comprehensive comparative study of methanol and CNG as transportation fuels. The physical properties of methanol and CNG are discussed. The various concerns, such as source and potential fuel supply, safety, toxicity and health hazards, engine performance and emissions, fuel storage, fuel tank and refueling of these alternative fuels are addressed briefly in this paper. We find that no single alternative fuel is best in all categories. The merits and drawbacks of each fuel are tabulated and the vehicle characteristics are compared with gasoline. The study concludes that the neat methanol may be considered as an alternative for passenger cars and CNG may be considered for fleets, light and heavy-duty vehicles as the best near-term solution.

A comparative study of the performance and exhaust emissions of a spark ignition engine fuelled by natural gas and gasoline

1997 ◽  
Vol 211 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Evans ◽  
J Blaszczyk
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Detailed Comparison ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Lean Limit

The purpose of this study was to obtain a detailed comparison of engine performance and exhaust emissions from natural gas and gasoline fuelled spark ignition engines. Each fuel was tested at both wide-open throttle and two part-load operating conditions over a wide range of air—fuel ratios. The results show that the power output of the engine at a given throttle position was reduced by about 12 per cent when fuelled by natural gas due to displacement of air by the gas. The emission levels for natural gas were lower by from 5 to 50 per cent, depending on the pollutant, compared to gasoline. On an energy basis, both fuels exhibited nearly equal thermal efficiency, except that at very lean air—fuel ratios natural gas showed increased efficiency due to an extension of the lean limit of combustion.

scholarly journals CFD Study of Nozzle Configurations for Ultra High Bypass Engines

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Zimmermann ◽  
R. Gumucio ◽  
K. Katheder ◽  
A. Jula
Keyword(s):  
Engine Performance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Aerodynamic Design ◽  
Thrust Coefficient ◽  
Optimum Range ◽  
Installation Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Aircraft Aerodynamics ◽  
Bypass Ratio

Performance and aerodynamic aspects of ultra-high bypass ratio ducted engines have been investigated with an emphasis on nozzle aerodynamics. The interference with aircraft aerodynamics could not be covered. Numerical methods were used for aerodynamic investigations of geometrically different aft end configurations for bypass ratios between 12 and 18, this is the optimum range for long missions which will be important for future civil engine applications. Results are presented for a wide range of operating conditions and effects on engine performance are discussed. The limitations for higher bypass ratios than 12 to 18 do not come from nozzle aerodynamics but from installation effects. It is shown that using CFD and performance calculations an improved aerodynamic design can be achieved. Based on existing correlations, for thrust and mass-flow, or using aerodynamic tailoring by CFD and including performance investigations, it is possible to increase the thrust coefficient up to 1%.

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