Dissimilarity of Turbulent Fluxes of Momentum and Heat in Perturbed Turbulent Flows

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. Pasinato
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulation ◽  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Reynolds Stresses ◽  
Interaction Terms ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Velocity Pressure

The dissimilarity between the Reynolds stresses and the heat fluxes in perturbed turbulent channel and plane Couette flows was studied using direct numerical simulation. The results demonstrate that the majority of the dissimilarity was due to the difference between the wall-normal fluxes, while the difference between the streamwise fluxes was lower. The main causes for the dissimilarity were the production terms, followed by the velocity-pressure interaction terms. Further insights into the importance of the velocity-pressure interaction in the origin of the dissimilarity are provided using two-point correlation. Furthermore, an octant conditional averaged dataset reveals that not only the wall-normal heat flux but also the streamwise heat flux is strongly related to the wall-normal gradient of the mean temperature. A simple Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) heat flux model is proposed as a function of the Reynolds stresses. A comparison of the direct numerical simulation data with an “a priori” prediction suggests that this simple model performs reasonably well.

Investigation of droplet-mediated sensible and latent heat fluxes in a turbulent air flow over a waved water surface by direct numerical simulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg Druzhinin
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulation ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Sensible Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Coupled Equations ◽  
Turbulent Air Flow

<p>The objective of the present study is to investigate sensible and latent heat transfer mediated by evaporating saline droplets in a turbulent air flow over a waved water surface by performing direct numerical simulation. Equations of the air-flow velocity, temperature and humidity are solved simultaneously with the two-way-coupled equations of individual droplets coordinates and velocities, temperatures and masses. Two different cases of air and water surface temperatures,T<sub>a</sub> = 27 <sup>0</sup>C, T<sub>s</sub> = 28 <sup>0</sup>C,  and T<sub>a</sub> = -10 <sup>0</sup>C, T<sub>s</sub> = 0 <sup>0</sup>C, are considered and conditionally termed as "tropical cyclone" (TC) and "polar low"  (PL) conditions, respectively. Droplets-mediated sensible and latent heat fluxes, Q<sub>S</sub> and Q<sub>L</sub>, are integrated along individual droplets Lagrangian trajectories and evaluated as distributions over droplet diameter at injection, d, and also obtained as Eulerian, ensemble-averaged fields. The results show that under TC-conditions, the sensible heat flux from droplets to air is negative whereas the latent heat flux is positive, and thus droplets cool and moisturize the carrier air. On the other hand, under PL-conditions, Q<sub>S</sub> and Q<sub>L</sub>  are both positive, and Q<sub>L</sub> – contribution is significantly reduced as compared to Q<sub>S</sub> - contribution. Thus in this case, droplets warm up the air. In both cases, the droplet-mediated enthalpy flux, Q<sub>S</sub><sub> </sub>+ Q<sub>L </sub>, is positive, vanishes for sufficiently small droplets (with diameters d ≤ 150 μm) and further increases with d. The results also show that the net fluxes are reduced with increasing wave slope.</p><p>This work is supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Task No. 0030-2019-0020). Numerical algorithms were developed under the support of RFBR (Nos. 18-05-60299, 18-55-50005, 18-05-00265, 20-05-00322). Postprocessing was performed under the support of the Russian Science Foundation (No. 19-17-00209).</p>

scholarly journals Thermal conductivity of snow measured by three independent methods and anisotropy considerations

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Riche ◽  
M. Schneebeli
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulation ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Needle Probe ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Steady State Heat ◽  
Snow Samples

Abstract. The thermal conductivity of snow determines the temperature gradient, and by this, it has a direct effect on the rate of snow metamorphism. It is therefore a key property of snow. However, thermal conductivities measured with the transient needle probe and the steady-state, heat flux plate differ. In addition, the anisotropy of thermal conductivity plays an important role in the accuracy of thermal conductivity measurements. In this study, we investigated three independent methods to measure snow thermal conductivity and its anisotropy: a needle probe with a long heating time, a guarded heat flux plate, and direct numerical simulation at the microstructural level of the pore and ice structure. The three methods were applied to identical snow samples. We analyzed the consistency and the difference between these methods. As already shown in former studies, we observed a distinct difference between the anisotropy of thermal conductivity in small rounded grains and in depth hoar. Indeed, the anisotropy between vertical and horizontal thermal conductivity components ranges between 0.5–2. This can cause a difference in thermal conductivity measurements carried out with needle probes of up to –25 % to +25 % if the thermal conductivity is calculated only from a horizontally inserted needle probe. Based on our measurements and the comparison of the three methods studied here, the direct numerical simulation is the most reliable method, as the tensorial components of the thermal conductivity can be calculated and the corresponding microstructure is precisely known.

scholarly journals Thermal conductivity of anisotropic snow measured by three independent methods

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 1839-1869 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Riche ◽  
M. Schneebeli
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulation ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Thermal Anisotropy ◽  
Convincing Argument ◽  
Needle Probe ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Steady State Heat

Abstract. The thermal conductivity of snow determines the temperature gradient, and by this the rate of snow metamorphism. It is therefore a key property of snow. However, parameterizations of thermal conductivity measured with the transient needle probe and the steady-state heat-flux plate show a bias. In addition, it is not clear to which degree thermal anisotropy is relevant. Until now, no physically convincing argument for the existence of this bias could be found. In this study, we investigated three independent methods to measure snow thermal conductivity and its anisotropy: a needle probe with a long heating time, a guarded heat flux plate, and direct numerical simulation at the level of the pore and ice structure. The three methods were applied to identical snow samples, apart from the different measurement volumes of each methods. We analyzed the consistency and the difference between these methods. We found a distinct change from horizontal thermal anisotropy in small rounded grains and vertical anisotropy in depth hoar. The anisotropy between vertical and horizontal conductivity ranges between 0.5–2. This anisotropy can cause a difference of up to −25 % to + 25 % if the thermal conductivity is calculated only from a horizontally inserted needle probe. Based on these measurements, the direct numerical simulation is the most reliable method as the tensorial components of the thermal conductivity can be calculated, the corresponding microstructure is precisely known and the homogeneity of the sample can be determined.

On Direct Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Flows

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Alfonsi
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulation ◽  
High Performance Computing ◽  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Stokes Equations ◽  
Navier Stokes ◽  
Turbulent Shear ◽  
Navier Stokes Equations ◽  
Performance Computing

The direct numerical simulation of turbulence (DNS) has become a method of outmost importance for the investigation of turbulence physics, and its relevance is constantly growing due to the increasing popularity of high-performance-computing techniques. In the present work, the DNS approach is discussed mainly with regard to turbulent shear flows of incompressible fluids with constant properties. A body of literature is reviewed, dealing with the numerical integration of the Navier-Stokes equations, results obtained from the simulations, and appropriate use of the numerical databases for a better understanding of turbulence physics. Overall, it appears that high-performance computing is the only way to advance in turbulence research through the front of the direct numerical simulation.

A Parallel HOFD Scheme for Direct Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Magnetically Driven Flows

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Ai ◽  
B. Q. Li
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Finite Difference ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulation ◽  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
Parallel Machines ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Electrically Conducting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Order Scheme ◽  
Higher Order Scheme

Abstract Turbulent magnetically flows occur in a wide range of material processing systems involving electrically conducting melts. This paper presents a parallel higher order scheme for the direct numerical simulation of turbulent magnetically driven flows in induction channels. The numerical method is based on the higher order finite difference algorithm, which enjoys the spectral accuracy while minimizing the computational intensity. This, coupled with the parallel computing strategy, provides a very useful means to simulate turbulent flows. The higher order finite difference formulation of magnetically driven flow problems is described in this paper. The details of the parallel algorithm and its implementation for the simulations on parallel machines are discussed. The accuracy and numerical performance of the higher order finite difference scheme are assessed in comparison with the spectral method. The examples of turbulent magnetically driven flows in induction channels and pressure gradient driven flows in regular channels are given, and the computed results are compared with experimental measurements wherever possible.

scholarly journals Flow topologies in bubble-induced turbulence: a direct numerical simulation analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 857 ◽  
pp. 270-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Hasslberger ◽  
Markus Klein ◽  
Nilanjan Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Direct Numerical Simulation ◽  
Turbulent Flows ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Flow Topology ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Local Flow ◽  
Interface Curvature

This paper presents a detailed investigation of flow topologies in bubble-induced two-phase turbulence. Two freely moving and deforming air bubbles that have been suspended in liquid water under counterflow conditions have been considered for this analysis. The direct numerical simulation data considered here are based on the one-fluid formulation of the two-phase flow governing equations. To study the development of coherent structures, a local flow topology analysis is performed. Using the invariants of the velocity gradient tensor, all possible small-scale flow structures can be categorized into two nodal and two focal topologies for incompressible turbulent flows. The volume fraction of focal topologies in the gaseous phase is consistently higher than in the surrounding liquid phase. This observation has been argued to be linked to a strong vorticity production at the regions of simultaneous high fluid velocity and high interface curvature. Depending on the regime (steady/laminar or unsteady/turbulent), additional effects related to the density and viscosity jump at the interface influence the behaviour. The analysis also points to a specific term of the vorticity transport equation as being responsible for the induction of vortical motion at the interface. Besides the known mechanisms, this term, related to surface tension and gradients of interface curvature, represents another potential source of turbulence production that lends itself to further investigation.

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