scholarly journals Design Framework for Multifunctional Additive Manufacturing: Placement and Routing of Three-Dimensional Printed Circuit Volumes

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Panesar ◽  
D. Brackett ◽  
I. Ashcroft ◽  
R. Wildman ◽  
R. Hague
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Design Framework ◽  
3D Design ◽  
Multifunctional Additive ◽  
Printed Circuit ◽  
Placement And Routing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Electrical Components

A framework for the design of additively manufactured (AM) multimaterial parts with embedded functional systems is presented (e.g., structure with electronic/electrical components and associated conductive paths). Two of the key strands of this proposed framework are placement and routing strategies, which consist of techniques to exploit the true-3D design freedoms of multifunctional AM (MFAM) to create 3D printed circuit volumes (PCVs). Example test cases are presented, which demonstrate the appropriateness and effectiveness of the proposed techniques. The aim of the proposed design framework is to enable exploitation of the rapidly developing capabilities of multimaterial AM.

Algorithm to Reduce Leading and Lagging in Conformal Direct-Print

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Morteza Vatani ◽  
Faez Alkadi ◽  
Jae-Won Choi
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Motion Direction ◽  
B Spline ◽  
And Topology ◽  
Printing System ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printed Patterns

A novel additive manufacturing algorithm was developed to increase the consistency of three-dimensional (3D) printed curvilinear or conformal patterns on freeform surfaces. The algorithm dynamically and locally compensates the nozzle location with respect to the pattern geometry, motion direction, and topology of the substrate to minimize lagging or leading during conformal printing. The printing algorithm was implemented in an existing 3D printing system that consists of an extrusion-based dispensing module and an XYZ-stage. A dispensing head is fixed on a Z-axis and moves vertically, while the substrate is installed on an XY-stage and moves in the x–y plane. The printing algorithm approximates the printed pattern using nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS) curves translated directly from a 3D model. Results showed that the proposed printing algorithm increases the consistency in the width of the printed patterns. It is envisioned that the proposed algorithm can facilitate nonplanar 3D printing using common and commercially available Cartesian-type 3D printing systems.

A Design and Fabrication Framework for Periodic Lattice-Based Cellular Structures in Additive Manufacturing

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Recep M. Gorguluarslan ◽  
Umesh N. Gandhi ◽  
Raghuram Mandapati ◽  
Seung-Kyum Choi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Periodic Lattice ◽  
Design Framework ◽  
Finite Element Study ◽  
Linear Finite Element ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Element Study

A design framework that incorporates a size optimization algorithm is proposed for periodic lattice-based cellular structures fabricated by additive manufacturing. A 3D modeling process for the lattice-based cellular structures is integrated into the design framework for non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) and production. Material properties for the 3D printed parts are determined for the finite element study using reverse engineering of actual measured data. The lattice layout that will be used in the optimization is selected and the size of the cross sections is optimized using in-house optimization approach for both yield and local buckling criteria. The 3D model for the optimized lattice structure is built and non-linear finite element study is conducted to predict the performance. The approach is demonstrated on a compression block with periodic lattice-based unit cells. Physical parts are 3D printed and tested to compare with the simulations.

Geometric Accuracy Prediction for Additive Manufacturing Through Machine Learning of Triangular Mesh Data

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Decker ◽  
Qiang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Triangular Mesh ◽  
Geometric Accuracy ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
3D Shapes ◽  
Complex Parts

Abstract While additive manufacturing has seen tremendous growth in recent years, a number of challenges remain, including the presence of substantial geometric differences between a three dimensional (3D) printed part, and the shape that was intended. There are a number of approaches for addressing this issue, including statistical models that seek to account for errors caused by the geometry of the object being printed. Currently, these models are largely unable to account for errors generated in freeform 3D shapes. This paper proposes a new approach using machine learning with a set of predictors based on the geometric properties of the triangular mesh file used for printing. A direct advantage of this method is the simplicity with which it can describe important properties of a 3D shape and allow for predictive modeling of dimensional inaccuracies for complex parts. To evaluate the efficacy of this approach, a sample dataset of 3D printed objects and their corresponding deviations was generated. This dataset was used to train a random forest machine learning model and generate predictions of deviation for a new object. These predicted deviations were found to compare favorably to the actual deviations, demonstrating the potential of this approach for applications in error prediction and compensation.

Regulating 3D-printed medical products

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (461) ◽  
pp. eaan6521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura M. Ricles ◽  
James C. Coburn ◽  
Matthew Di Prima ◽  
Steven S. Oh
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Medical Devices ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
3D Object ◽  
Medical Products ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Regulatory Landscape ◽  
The U.S

Additive manufacturing [also known as three-dimensional (3D) printing] is the layer-wise deposition of material to produce a 3D object. This rapidly emerging technology has the potential to produce new medical products with unprecedented structural and functional designs. Here, we describe the U.S. regulatory landscape of additive manufactured (3D-printed) medical devices and biologics and highlight key challenges and considerations.

scholarly journals Surface Roughness Effect on the 3d Printed Butt Joints Strength

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Kovan ◽  
G. Altan ◽  
E.S. Topal ◽  
H.E. Camurlu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Thickness Effect ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Dimensional Object

Three-dimensional printing or 3D printing (also called additive manufacturing) is any of various processes used to make a three-dimensional object. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is an additive manufacturing technology commonly used for modelling, prototyping, and production applications. It is one of the techniques used for 3D printing. FDM is somewhat restricted in the size and the variation of shapes that may be fabricated. For parts too large to fit on a single build, for faster job builds with less support material, or for parts with finer features, sectioning and bonding FDM parts is a great solution. The strength of adhesive bonded FDM parts is affected by the surface roughness. In this study, the layer thickness effect on bonding strength is experimentally studied and the results are discussed.

Design and Manufacturing of 3D Printed Foods With User Validation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Chirico Scheele ◽  
Martin Binks ◽  
Paul F. Egan
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
User Preference ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Overhang Angle

Abstract Additive manufacturing is becoming widely practical for diverse engineering applications, with emerging approaches showing great promise in the food industry. From the realization of complex food designs to the automated preparation of personalized meals, 3D printing promises many innovations in the food manufacturing sector. However, its use is limited due to the need to better understand manufacturing capabilities for different food materials and user preferences for 3D food prints. Our study aims to explore the 3D food printability of design features, such as overhangs and holes, and assess how well they print through quantitative and qualitative measurements. Designs with varied angles and diameters based on the standard design limitations for additive manufacturing were printed and measured using marzipan and chocolate. It was found that marzipan material has a minimum feature size for overhang design at 55° and for hole design at 4mm, while chocolate material has a minimum overhang angle size of 35° and does not reliably print holes. Users were presented a series of designs to determine user preference (N = 30) towards the importance of fidelity and accuracy between the expected design and the 3D printed sample, and how much they liked each sample. Results suggest that users prefer designs with high fidelity to their original shape and perceive the current accuracy/precision of 3D printers sufficient for accurately printing three-dimensional geometries. These results demonstrate the current manufacturing capabilities for 3D food printing and success in achieving high fidelity designs for user satisfaction. Both of these considerations are essential steps in providing automated and personalized manufacturing for specific user needs and preferences.

scholarly journals Additive Manufacturing in Customized Medical Device

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Hang Bob Yung ◽  
Lung Fung Tse ◽  
Wing Fung Edmond Yau ◽  
Sze Yi Mak
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Medical Industry ◽  
New Era ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing

The long-established application of rapid prototyping in additive manufacturing (AM) has inspired a revolution in the medical industry into a new era, in which the clinical-driven development of the customized medical device is enabled. This transformation could only be sustainable if clinical concerns could be well addressed. In this work, we propose a workflow that addresses critical clinical concerns such as translation from medical needs to product innovation, anatomical conformation and execution, and validation. This method has demonstrated outstanding advantages over the traditional manufacturing approach in terms of form, function, precision, and clinical flexibility. We further propose a protocol for the validation of biocompatibility, material, and mechanical properties. Finally, we lay out a roadmap for AM-driven customized medical device innovation based on our experiences in Hong Kong, addressing problems of certification, qualification, characterization of three dimensional (3D) printed implants according to medical demands.

Printing Three-Dimensional Electrical Traces in Additive Manufactured Parts for Injection of Low Melting Temperature Metals

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Swensen ◽  
Lael U. Odhner ◽  
Brandon Araki ◽  
Aaron M. Dollar
Keyword(s):  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Liquid Metal Alloy ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Electrical Components

While techniques exist for the rapid prototyping of mechanical and electrical components separately, this paper describes a method where commercial additive manufacturing (AM) techniques can be used to concurrently construct the mechanical structure and electronic circuits in a robotic or mechatronic system. The technique involves printing hollow channels within 3D printed parts that are then filled with a low melting point liquid metal alloy that solidifies to form electrical traces. This method is compatible with most conventional fused deposition modeling and stereolithography (SLA) machines and requires no modification to an existing printer, though the technique could easily be incorporated into multimaterial machines. Three primary considerations are explored using a commercial fused deposition manufacturing (FDM) process as a testbed: material and manufacturing process parameters, simplified injection fluid mechanics, and automatic part generation using standard printed circuit board (PCB) software tools. Example parts demonstrate the ability to embed circuits into a 3D printed structure and populate the surface with discrete electronic components.

A Switched-Line Phase Shifter Fabricated with Additive Manufacturing

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (1) ◽  
pp. 000909-000913
Author(s):  
Jonathan M. O'Brien ◽  
Eduardo Rojas ◽  
Thomas M. Weller
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Phase Shifter ◽  
Ring Resonator ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Equivalent Circuit Model ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
3D Printed

Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, has proven to be advantageous compared to conventional planar methods when utilizing the volume of a structure to miniaturize the design. The use of additive manufacturing can allow for high frequency circuitry to be conformed to an arbitrary shape while maintaining or enhancing performance. Recent advancements in low loss materials applicable to additive manufacturing have pushed performance levels even further. Utilizing additive manufacturing to build a three dimensional structure can improve factors such as reliability and repeatability by making the structure one solid piece as opposed to assembling multiple planar objects into the 3D shape. This allows the circuitry to be built around the structure. With this design approach other considerations, such as stability and strength, can be concentrated on during the structure design to realize new shapes. The purpose of this work is to investigate a 3D printed material, ULTEM, for radio frequency use and design a switched line phase shifter using the derived material properties. The first step in any high frequency circuit design is to have accurate material properties. An efficient way to determine the permittivity and loss tangent of a material is to place a ring resonator on the substrate and measure the resonant frequency and Q factor. An equivalent circuit model can then be built to match the measured response and the material properties extracted through circuit theory. From here accurate transmission line models can be analyzed to optimize the performance of the RF circuit. In this paper a ring resonator was designed on ULTEM to characterize the material properties. A 90° phase shifter was then fabricated on a 3D printed ULTEM substrate and a benchmark model was fabricated using traditional planar methods on Rogers RO4003C substrate. A comparison between the two models is given in this paper.

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