A Simplified Approach to Estimate the Probability of Otter Board Hooking at Pipelines

2015 ◽  
Vol 137 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaopeng Wu ◽  
Vegard Longva ◽  
Svein Sævik ◽  
Torgeir Moan
Keyword(s):  
Study Data ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bottom Trawling ◽  
Simplified Approach ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulation Technique ◽  
Simulation Tools ◽  
Parametric Studies

Hooking events, defined as trawling gear becoming firmly “stuck” under a pipeline, rarely occur during bottom-trawling operations. However, hooking events can have detrimental consequences. There is no existing method for quantifying the hooking probability of bottom-trawling operations. In this study, an approach is proposed to quantify the trawl board hooking probability using simulation tools and statistical data. Numerical simulation use the SIMLA code to establish simplified hooking criteria. The criteria link the pipeline data to the fishing activities data, enabling the quantification of hooking probability. First, the numerical simulations of both pull-over and hooking events were compared with small-scale model test results. Reasonable agreement was reached. Based on the simulation results, simplified criteria for trawl board hooking were proposed. Finally, data from the EUROPIPE II pipeline section in the Norwegian sector were used as a case study. Data regarding free span as well as fishing activities in that region were used to obtain the statistical input. The Monte Carlo simulation technique was then used to estimate the hooking probability. Parametric studies were first performed to investigate the effects of important parameters. Then, based on the findings from the parametric studies, the hooking probability with the most reasonable parameters was estimated.

scholarly journals Experimental bearing capacity of eccentrically loaded foundation near a slope

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Tarek Mansouri ◽  
Khelifa Abbeche
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Square Footing ◽  
Proportional Relation ◽  
Core Boundary ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Small Scale Model ◽  
Increasing Load

AbstractBased on the response of small-scale model square footing, the present paper shows the results of an experimental bearing capacity of eccentrically loaded square footing, near a slope sand bed. To reach this aim, a steel model square footing of (150 mm × 150 mm) and a varied sand relative density of 30%, 50% and 70% are used. The bearing capacity-settlement relationship of footing located at the edge of a slope and the effect of various parameters such as eccentricity (e) and dimensions report (b/B) were studied. Test results indicate that ultimate bearing capacity decreases with increasing load eccentricity to the core boundary of footing and that as far as the footing is distant from the crest, the bearing capacity increases. Furthermore, the results also prove that there is a clear proportional relation between relative densities –bearing capacity. The model test provides qualitative information on parameters influencing the bearing capacity of square footing. These tests can be used to check the bearing capacity estimated by the conventional methods.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Case Study of the Use of Video Digitizing Technology to Detect Answer-Copying on a Paper-and-Pencil Multiple-Choice Test

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Zerpa ◽  
Christina Van Barneveld
Keyword(s):  
Choice Test ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Test Taking ◽  
Exploratory Case Study ◽  
Future Program ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Answer Copying

In educational testing, answer-copying is considered a behaviour that poses threats to the validity of test scores interpretations, which is a concern when interpreting the test results for the purpose of making changes to curriculum and educational policies. Answer copying involves at least two examinees, one being the source and the other the copier. While different methods have been developed to detect answer-copying using statistical indices, researchers have not yet examined the use of video digitizing technology via a kinematic sanalysis of the data to detect answer-copying during test taking situations. The purpose of this case study was to explore the use of video digitizing technology to detectanswer-copying by measuring examinees’ response time, displacement and velocity from item to item on a test. A sample of two university students volunteered to demonstrate the benefits and challenges of using video digitizing technology to detect answer-copying. While this is a small scale demonstration, the outcome of this study may shed light on whether or not the use of video digitizing technology provide evidence of feasibility and some preliminary reliability in the detection of answer copying.The lesson learned from this study can inform the direction of a future program of research.

A case study of enzootic bovine leukosis in an Albanian dairy herd based on se-rological and hematological test results

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Majlind Sulçe ◽  
◽  
Anita Koni ◽  
Gerald Muça ◽  
Pëllumb Zalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serological Test ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Enzootic Bovine Leukosis ◽  
Cattle Herds ◽  
Bovine Leukosis ◽  
Disease Stages

Enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) is a notifiable infectious disease with sporadic fre-quency in Albania. EBL is not a zoonotic disease, but it has an important impact on the cattle trade. Diagnosis of this disease can be performed by many diagnostic proce-dures, including agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. In some cases, where persis-tent lymphocytosis is present, cell count can turn useful. This study aimed to evaluate serological and hematological tests' suitability for the diagnosis of EBL and assess the manual and automatic hematological count technique diagnostic parameters com-pared to the serological test. Results suggest that strategic use of hematological and AGID tests in parallel can increase the sensitivity of diagnosis and facilitate the detec-tion of infected animals in different disease stages. Moreover, our results indicate that this approach is feasible in small scale cattle herds size, which properly fits Albanian circumstances

Inventory and Sales Information System Design on Clothing Store (Case Study: X Fashion, Jakarta)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48
Author(s):  
Yulia Rosa ◽  
Marsellinus Bachtiar Wahju
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
System Design ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Information System Design ◽  
Development Life Cycle ◽  
Clothing Store ◽  
Function Testing

The progress of time continually accompanied by the development of technology. It leads to the competition among industries that require them to have superiority to attract more consumers. X Fashion is one of the fashion industries which sells various apparel products for people in the sale of large or small scale. The business processes of X Fashion is procuring products, managing inventory, sales, and managing finance. A lot of variations and number of products in the store are not in balance with a good management because all forms of recording are done manually. It causes potential error so that the information disseminated is inaccurate. Based on this consideration, a research is conducted as inventory and sales information system design on X Fashion clothing store to identify business process also to design an inventory and sales information system on X Fashion clothing store. The method used is Systems Development Life Cycle which consists of systematic steps for developing, designing, and maintaining the system to meet the needs of users, including supervision, recording, and reporting. Information system is designed to provide stock data, expense, and income reports automatically. Testing of the system includes system testing, function testing, learnability, logic testing, memorability, and measurement of satisfaction. Based on the test results, the information system was stated feasible and can be used to support business processes on X Fashion clothing store. Suggestions for further research on information system design are development of system design in order to be compatible on smartphone, also an addition of brief information on every control or using user guide in order to describe system function

scholarly journals The Feasibility of Foreign Language Online Instruction During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Case Study of Instructors’ and Students’ Reflections

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Anchalee Jansem
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Online Instruction ◽  
Online Teaching ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Structured Interviews

This small scale case study aimed at identifying the feasibility of foreign language online instruction during the abrupt change of teaching mode toward online platforms. The feasibility in this study involves the practicality and the possibility of and the concerns about language teaching and learning foreign language online as reflected by the instructors and the students. One instructor teaching as well as two students majoring each of the eight foreign languages including English, French, German, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Khmer, and Vietnamese from an autonomous university in Bangkok, Thailand, voluntarily took part in this study. Data collected via semi-structured interviews and post-interviews written reflections indicated three levels of the practicality. The data showed the conditional likeliness of the possibility to carry on online teaching. The last finding presented concerns about foreign language online instruction. Further research is needed for a more complete understanding of the effects of online foreign language instruction in different social contexts.

Small Scale Model Tests of Ice Gouge in Soft Sandy Silt

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingar Stava ◽  
Per R. Nystro̸m ◽  
Normann Vikse ◽  
Ove T. Gudmestad ◽  
Pavel Liferov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Sandy Silt ◽  
Master Thesis ◽  
Pipe Segment ◽  
The University ◽  
Soil Mound ◽  
Thesis Work ◽  
Small Scale Model

Small scale gouge tests were designed and executed at the University of Stavanger in Norway as a part of master thesis work. A box (2.5 × 2.5 m) was filled with soft sandy silt and several gouge tests were performed. The subgouge soil deformations, the soil mound dimensions and the ratio between initial and residual gouge depth were measured under varying gouge parameters. Vaneshear and T-bar tests were used to estimate soil properties. A pipe segment was buried under the gouge and strains in the pipe were monitored in some of the tests. Test results are presented in this paper, including FE simulations of some of the performed experiments.

scholarly journals Physical modeling applied in evaluation of the safety and efficiency of vessel mooring plans

RBRH ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Esferra ◽  
José Carlos de Melo Bernardino ◽  
Paolo Alfredini
Keyword(s):  
Physical Modeling ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mooring Lines ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Cargo Handling ◽  
Favorable Conditions

ABSTRACT For cargo handling to be carried out safely and efficiently, port terminals should provide favorable conditions of shelter, thus avoiding excessive movement of moored vessels and mitigating strengths on mooring lines. However, terminals in which the influence of waves, winds or currents provide adverse conditions to keep a vessel moored need to pay attention to the mooring arrangement of the vessels, through studies that guarantee the effectiveness of the system. In this context, small-scale hydraulic physical models are the most accurate tool for simulation of mooring lines plans of vessels, since they can accurately reproduce all the complexity of the hydrodynamics and its interaction with the vessel. This manuscript presents the technique of physical modeling in vessel mooring studies and its application in a case study made for Ponta da Madeira Port Terminal. In a scale model 1:170 was carried out a comparison of two proposed mooring arrangements for the Valemax class bulk carrier, the results of which allowed to define a safe alternative that made the berthing operation feasible during almost 100% of the time.

scholarly journals Downscaling heavy rainfall in the subtropics – a simple approach for dynamical nesting

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Huebener ◽  
K. Born ◽  
M. Kerschgens
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Nested Model ◽  
Nested Models ◽  
Precipitation Patterns ◽  
Model Domain ◽  
Small Scale Model

Abstract. The simulation of local scale precipitation with nested models often suffers from large errors in the boundary rows. Advection of precipitation into the model domain of the small scale model can lead to an overestimation of precipitation in the boundary grid cells of the nested model and a drying of the interior grid area. Consequently, the finer scale structure of rainfall events of the small scale model can not evolve. These errors result from three main sources: "dynamical", "scale", and "parameterization" problems. As a first step to reduce the "parameterization" boundary errors, we propose a nesting procedure where rainwater from the driving larger scale model is converted to cloud water in the smaller scale model. The nesting method is applied to a case study of heavy rainfall in semi-arid southern Morocco. The results show the elimination of erroneous excessive rainfall in the boundary rows and slightly enhanced rainfall in the interior of the nested model domain. Additionally, fine scale structures in the precipitation patterns develop. The excessive surface runoff is clearly diminished in comparison to the standard nesting procedure. The proposed approach enables scale consistent precipitation patterns resulting from model physics and grid-resolution of the smaller scale model for the complete model domain.

Uncertainty analysis at large scales: limitations and subjectivity of current practices - a water quality case study

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.M. Bijlsma ◽  
P. Groenendijk ◽  
M.W. Blind ◽  
A.Y. Hoekstra
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Uncertainty Assessment ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Large Scale Model ◽  
Current Practices

Uncertainty analysis for large-scale model studies is a challenging activity that requires a different approach to uncertainty analysis at a smaller scale. However, in river basin studies, the practice of uncertainty analysis at a large scale is mostly derived from practice at a small scale. The limitations and inherent subjectivity of some current practices and assumptions are identified, based on the results of a quantitative uncertainty analysis exploring the effects of input data and parameter uncertainty on surface water nutrient concentration. We show that: (i) although the results from small- scale sensitivity analysis are often applied at larger scales, this is not always valid; (ii) the current restriction of the uncertainty assessment to uncertainty types with a strong evidence base gives structurally conservative estimates; (iii) uncertainty due to bias is usually not assessed, but it may easily outweigh the effects of variability; (iv) the uncertainty bandwidth may increase for higher aggregation levels, although the opposite is the standard assumption.

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