Enhancement of Plastering Effect on Strengthening Wellbore by Optimizing Particle Size Distribution of Wellbore Strengthening Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhao He ◽  
Asadollah Hayatdavoudi ◽  
Keyong Chen ◽  
Kaustubh Sawant ◽  
Qin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Wellbore Stability ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Rock Matrix ◽  
Pore Throat ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wellbore Strengthening ◽  
Mud Loss

Wellbore strengthening materials (WSMs) have been widely used to strengthen the wellbore stability and integrity, especially those lost circulation materials (LCMs) used for mud loss impairment. To enhance the wellbore strengthening effect rather than a loss impairment, plastering effect can be used to increase the fracture gradient of the wall and minimize the probability of inducing new fractures. This is done by smearing the mudcake and pores and forming an internal cake inside the rock matrix using WSMs (or LCMs). Until now, the particle size distribution (PSD) of LCMs have been widely studied for the minimization on the mud loss (e.g., Abran’s rule, ideal packing theory, D90 rule, Halliburton D50 rule, etc.). However, there are few empirical rules focused on the maximum wellbore strengthening effect. This study attempts to find the desired PSD of plastering materials to enhance wellbore stability. In this research, the Brazilian test was used to quantify tensile strength. Meanwhile, the filtration characteristics of WSMs through the rock matrix were observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an energy-dispersive system (EDS). Finally, this paper adopts D50 of WSMs to be the mean pore throat size for a maximum improvement on the rock tensile strength. We have observed that the closer the D50 of WSMs in the WSMs to the mean pore throat size, the stronger the saturated rock matrix.

Batch Precipitation of Lead Iodide

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 1301-1304
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Nývlt ◽  
Stanislav Žáček
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Lead Nitrate ◽  
Lead Iodide ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
Mean Size ◽  
The Mean

Lead iodide was precipitated by a procedure in which an aqueous solution of potassium iodide at a concentration of 0.03, 0.10 or 0.20 mol l-1 was stirred while an aqueous solution of lead nitrate at one-half concentration was added at a constant rate. The mean size of the PbI2 crystals was determined by evaluating the particle size distribution, which was measured sedimentometrically. The dependence of the mean crystal size on the duration of the experiment exhibited a minimum for any of the concentrations applied. The reason for this is discussed.

Wellbore Strengthening Design Criteria and Enhanced Fracture Gradient for Widening Stable Mud Weight Window and Enabling Safe and Efficient Drilling in Depleted Reservoirs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chee Phuat Tan ◽  
Wan Nur Safawati Wan Mohd Zainudin ◽  
M Solehuddin Razak ◽  
Siti Shahara Zakaria ◽  
Thanavathy Patma Nesan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Fracture Width ◽  
Wellbore Strengthening ◽  
Fracture Gradient ◽  
Mud Loss ◽  
Gradient Enhancement ◽  
Compound Particle

Abstract Drilling in permeable formations, especially depleted reservoirs, can particularly benefit from simultaneous wellbore shielding and strengthening functionalities of drilling mud compounds. The ability to generate simultaneous wellbore shielding and strengthening in reservoirs has potential to widen stable mud weight windows to drill such reservoirs without the need to switch from wellbore strengthening compound to wellbore shielding compound, and vice-versa. Wellbore shielding and strengthening experiments were conducted on three outcrop sandstones with three mud compounds. The wellbore shielding stage was conducted by increasing the confining and borehole pressures in 4-5 steps until both reached target pressures. CT scan images demonstrate consistency of the filtration rates with observed CT scanned mud cakes which are dependent on the sandstone pore size and mud compound particle size distributions. In wellbore strengthening stage, the borehole pressure was increased until fracture was initiated, which was detected via borehole pressure trend and CT scan imaging. The fractures generated were observed to be plugged by mud filter solids which are visible in the CT scan images. The extent of observed fracture solid plugging varies with rock elastic properties, fracture width and mud compound particle size distribution. Based on the laboratory test data, fracture gradient enhancement concept was developed for the mud compounds. In addition, the data obtained and observations from the tests were used to develop optimal empirical design criteria and guidelines to achieve dual wellbore strengthening and shielding performance of the mud compounds. The design criteria were validated on a well which was treated with one of the mud compounds based on its mud loss events during drilling and running casing.

scholarly journals MINERAL ABUNDANCE AND PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION DERIVED FROM IN-SITU SPECTRA MEASUREMENTS OF YUTU ROVER OF CHANG’E-3

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-3/W1 ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
H. Lin ◽  
X. Zhang ◽  
Y. Yang ◽  
X. Wu ◽  
D. Guo
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Landing Site ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Yutu Rover

From geologic perspective, understanding the types, abundance, and size distributions of minerals allows us to address what geologic processes have been active on the lunar and planetary surface. The imaging spectrometer which was carried by the Yutu Rover of Chinese Chang’E-3 mission collected the reflectance at four different sites at the height of ~ 1 m, providing a new insight to understand the lunar surface. The mineral composition and Particle Size Distribution (PSD) of these four sites were derived in this study using a Radiative Transfer Model (RTM) and Sparse Unmixing (SU) algorithm. The endmembers used were clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, olivine, plagioclase and agglutinate collected from the lunar sample spectral dataset in RELAB. The results show that the agglutinate, clinopyroxene and olivine are the dominant minerals around the landing site. In location Node E, the abundance of agglutinate can reach up to 70 %, and the abundances of clinopyroxene and olivine are around 10 %. The mean particle sizes and the deviations of these endmembers were retrieved. PSDs of all these endmembers are close to normal distribution, and differences exist in the mean particle sizes, indicating the difference of space weathering rate of these endmembers.

Optimum particle size distribution design for lost circulation control and wellbore strengthening

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 836-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Razavi ◽  
Ali Karimi Vajargah ◽  
Eric van Oort ◽  
Munir Aldin ◽  
Sudarshan Govindarajan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Circulation Control ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Wellbore Strengthening

A New Modeling Approach to Estimate the Concentration of Tibolone in Acetone Solvent through Raman Spectra

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 698-701
Author(s):  
Lei Lei Xiang ◽  
Zuo Liang Sha ◽  
Liang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Raman Spectra ◽  
Temperature Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Peak ◽  
Peak Intensity Ratio ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Estimated Error

Raman spectra are sensitive to solute, solid or polymorphs concentrations, particle size distribution and temperature. Characteristic peak positions of tibolone and acetone were observed at 1559cm-1 and 787cm-1. In this paper, we used the LabRAM HR800 System to detect the Raman spectra of 11 undersaturated standard solutions (concentration range 0-150 mg/ml) at 40°C; built model that estimating concentration of tibolone in acetone solvent by relating peak intensity ratio of the components to the concentration of the solution, and the mean estimated error was only 1.723% in the testing data. The results indicate that this method of estimating concentration is feasible and simple.

Study on the Synthesis of Micron-Sized Magnesium Hydroxide Flame Retardant by Using a Gaseous Ammonia Bubbling Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 821-822 ◽  
pp. 1341-1345
Author(s):  
Bing Liang ◽  
Chang Jian Gao ◽  
Jiao Lv
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Gaseous Ammonia ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
The Mean

Micron-sized Mg (OH)2 particles were synthesized by precipitation of MgSO4 with gaseous ammonia. An experimental design procedure was used to investigate the effects of the concentration of MgSO4, temperature of the reaction, time of the reaction, assembly time, speed of stirring, ultraphonic, the introduce of NaOH and surfactant on the mean particle size and the particle size distribution. Laser particle size analyzer, XRD, TG-DTG, SEM and other instrument was used to characterize the product and corresponding particle size.

Analysis of the Mean Diameters and Particle-Size Distribution in Powders

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 158-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro González-Tello ◽  
Fernando Camacho ◽  
José. M. Vicaria ◽  
Pedro A. González
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
The Mean

Preparation of Metal Nanosuspensions by High-Pressure DC-Sputtering on Running Liquids

1996 ◽  
Vol 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wagener ◽  
B. S. Murty ◽  
B. Günther
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Pressure Range ◽  
Narrow Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Descriptive Model ◽  
Mean Particle Size ◽  
Dc Sputtering ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Argon Sputtering

ABSTRACTA modified VERL-process (Vacuum evaporation on running liquids) employing high pressure magnetron sputtering has been used for the preparation of suspensions with metal nanoparticles. The method has been tested for Ag- and Fe-suspensions by varying the pressure of the Argon sputtering atmosphere in the range of 1 to 30 Pa. A narrow particle size distribution with a mean particle size ranging from 5–18 nm has been found. The mean particle size increases with increasing Argon pressure in the pressure range under investigation. A descriptive model for the process of particle formation as a function of sputtering gas pressure is given.

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