The Evaluation of the Primary Circuit Passivation Layer Formed After Hot Functional Tests at the EMO3

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Kus ◽  
Martin Krondak ◽  
Martin Skala ◽  
Alena Kobzova ◽  
Petr Brabec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Passivation Layer ◽  
Primary Circuit ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Third ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The presented article outlines and describes the processes involved in the creation and testing of the passivation layer that was created during hot functional tests at the third unit of NPP Mochovce. The article is divided into several sections. In the first section is the description of the hot tests on the third block, in particular the chemical regime, i.e the formation of hydrogen or the necessary adjustment of the pH value. The second section of the article describes the evaluation of the passivation layer using instrumental techniques, i.e. Raman microscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and others. The results obtained by using these techniques provided a comprehensive view of the resulting layer and clearly defined it's structure. The measurement revealed that a passivation layer was formed, the inner layer of which is enriched with a chrome element. The upper part of the passivation layer was composed of iron oxides, mainly magnetite.

scholarly journals Investigation of Spin Coating Cerium-Doped Hydroxyapatite Thin Films with Antifungal Properties

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 464
Author(s):  
Simona Liliana Iconaru ◽  
Mihai Valentin Predoi ◽  
Patrick Chapon ◽  
Sofia Gaiaschi ◽  
Krzysztof Rokosz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Antifungal Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, the cerium-doped hydroxyapatite (Ca10−xCex(PO4)6(OH)2 with xCe = 0.1, 10Ce-HAp) coatings obtained by the spin coating method were presented for the first time. The stability of the 10Ce-HAp suspension particles used in the preparation of coatings was evaluated by ultrasonic studies, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface morphology of the 10Ce-HAp coating was studied by SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques. The obtained 10Ce-HAp coatings were uniform and without cracks or unevenness. Glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used for the investigation of fine chemical depth profiling. The antifungal properties of the HAp and 10Ce-HAp suspensions and coatings were assessed using Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (C. albicans) fungal strain. The quantitative antifungal assays demonstrated that both 10Ce-HAp suspensions and coatings exhibited strong antifungal properties and that they successfully inhibited the development and adherence of C. albicans fungal cells for all the tested time intervals. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) visualization of the C. albicans fungal cells adherence to the 10Ce-HAp surface also demonstrated their strong inhibitory effects. In addition, the qualitative assays also suggested that the 10Ce-HAp coatings successfully stopped the biofilm formation.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Synthesis of Various Shape-Controlled Europium Hydroxides

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 529
Author(s):  
Hongjuan Zheng ◽  
Kongjun Zhu ◽  
Ayumu Onda ◽  
Kazumichi Yanagisawa
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Hydrothermal Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hydrothermal Reactions ◽  
Starting Solution ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Shape Controlled ◽  
Scanning Electron

Eu(OH)3 with various shape-controlled morphologies and size, such as plate, rod, tube, prism and nanoparticles was successfully synthesized through simple hydrothermal reactions. The products were characterized by XRD (X-Ray Powder Diffraction), FE-SEM (Field Emission- Scanning Electron Microscopy) and TG (Thermogravimetry). The influence of the initial pH value of the starting solution and reaction temperature on the crystalline phase and morphology of the hydrothermal products was investigated. A possible formation process to control morphologies and size of europium products by changing the hydrothermal temperature and initial pH value of the starting solution was proposed.

Preparation of Borosilicate Xerogel and Research on its Mineralization

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 2059-2062
Author(s):  
Chen Wang ◽  
Ya Dong Li ◽  
Gu Qiao Ding
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Compositional Changes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Tributyl borate was first adopted for the introduction of boron in the preparation of bioactive borosilicate xerogel by sol-gel method. The xerogel reacted continuously in 0.25M K2HPO4 solution with a starting pH value of 7.0 at 37 °C for 1day. The structural, morphologies and compositional changes resulting from the conversion were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that speed of formation of HA was cut way back on the time with the addition of boron and the induction period for the HA nucleation on the surface of the borosilicate xerogel was short than 1 days. The conversion mechanism of the borosilicate xerogels to hydroxyapaptite was also discussed.

scholarly journals Improvement of the Space Charge Suppression and Hydrophobicity Property of Cellulose Insulation Pressboard by Surface Sputtering a ZnO/PTFE Functional Film

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li ◽  
Hao ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Hou ◽  
Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Space Charge ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Power Transformers ◽  
Nano Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ptfe Composite ◽  
Cellulose Insulation ◽  
Scanning Electron

Oil-impregnated cellulose insulation polymer (oil-paper/pressboard insulation) has been widely used in power transformers. Establishing effective ways of improving the physical and chemical properties of the cellulose insulation polymer is currently a popular research topic. In order to improve the charge injection inhibition and hydrophobic properties of the cellulose insulation polymer used in power transformers, nano-structure zinc oxide (ZnO) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) films were fabricated on a cellulose insulation pressboard surface via reactive radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering. Before the fabrication of their composite film, Accelrys Materials Studio (MS) software was applied to simulate the interaction between the nanoparticles and cellulose molecules to determine the depositing sequence. Simulation results show that the ZnO nanoparticle has a better adhesion strength with cellulose molecules than the PTFE nanoparticle, so ZnO film should be sputtered at first to fabricate the ZnO/PTFE composite film for better film quality. The sputtered, thin films were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The space charge injection behavior and the hydrophobicity performance of the untreated pressboard; and the cellulose insulation pressboard with sputtered nano-structure ZnO, PTFE, and the ZnO/PTFE functional films were compared with each other. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that ZnO, PTFE, and ZnO/PTFE functional films were all successfully fabricated on the cellulose insulation pressboard surface. Scanning electron microscopy and XRD results present the nano-structure of the sputtered ZnO, PTFE, and ZnO/PTFE functional films and their amorphous states, respectively. The ZnO/PTFE composite functional film shows an apparent space charge suppression effect and hydrophobicity. The amount of the accumulated space charge in the pressboard sputtered ZnO/PTFE composite functional film decreased by about 40% compared with that in untreated cellulose insulation pressboard, and the water contact angle (WCA) increased from 0° to 116°.

Characterization of Multiple Functional Solid Line of Graphite Ink Surface Printed by Micro-Flexographic

2015 ◽  
Vol 752-753 ◽  
pp. 1379-1383
Author(s):  
M.I. Maksud ◽  
Mohd Sallehuddin Yusof ◽  
Zaidi Embong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Printing Plate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Flexographic Printing ◽  
Scanning Electron

The purpose of this paper is to study a ink surface morphology, quantify the chemical composition involved in processing of graphite ink printed by flexographic printing. The methodology is to use surface sensitive technique, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). As a finding we successfully achieved 25 micron lines array using PDMS printing plate. The Originality and value of this work is surface sensitive techniques like XPS, AFM and FESEM were exclusively used in order to characterize graphite inks printed by flexographic method, using PDMS printing plate.

scholarly journals Preparation of Cerium Dioxide Layers on Titanium by Electrodeposition with Organic Solution

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Vaijayanti Namdeo Nande ◽  
Diana Kostyukova ◽  
Jeonghee Choi ◽  
Yong Hee Chung
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Cerium Dioxide ◽  
Average Crystallite Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Organic Solution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Titanium Foils ◽  
Scanning Electron

Layers of cerium dioxide nanoparticles were prepared on titanium by electrodeposition with organic solution. Three concentrations of cerium ions were used at 31.6 V. The organic solution was isobutanol and titanium foils were used as anodes and cathodes. Currents were monitored during the electrodeposition. Deposition times ranged from 0.5 to 8 h. Deposited Deposited layers were calcined at 700 K for 30 min. The morphology and composition of the deposited layers were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). As-prepared and calcined deposition layers were assayed to be cerium dioxide. The average crystallite size increased from 4 to 7 nm through calcination at 700 K. Sizes of calcined cerium oxide agglomerates were ranging from 73 to 146 nm for 30 min deposition and 209 to 262 nm for 8 h deposition. The electrodeposition efficiencies of 0.5 h deposition at three concentrations were measured to be highest.

Synthesis of Nanophase Noble Metal Systems Utilizing Porous Silicon

1996 ◽  
Vol 457 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Coulthard ◽  
T. K. Sham
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Porous Silicon ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Metallic Salt ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTApart from its well known ability to luminesce very intensely at room temperature in the visible range, porous silicon is also an effective reducing agent. We report the formation of several noble metal (Pd, Ag, Au, Pt) nanostructures by reductive dispersion of metal ions from aqueous solutions onto the surface of porous silicon. The nanophase systems produced by reductive deposition vary with the element deposited and the metallic salt utilized in the process. The resulting nanophase systems were studied using a variety of techniques including: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and spectroscopie methods using synchrotron radiation.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF GRAPHENE-LIKE STRUCTURES BY A PLASMA-ARC DISCHARGE IN LIQUID NITROGEN

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (10) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
Radyslav Panteleimonov ◽  
Oleksandr Korduban ◽  
Volodymyr Ogenko ◽  
Taras Kryshchuk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Arc Discharge ◽  
Plasma Arc ◽  
Doping Element ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Arc Discharge ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman scattering we studied the charge state of matrix and doping element atoms on the surface, morphology, and defects in the structure of graphene-like materials synthesized by plasma-arc discharge in liquid nitrogen.

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