scholarly journals Air Separation Unit Integration for Alternative Fuel Projects

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur R. Smith ◽  
Joseph Klosek ◽  
James C. Sorensen ◽  
Donald W. Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Integration Schemes

Alternative fuel projects often require substantial amounts of oxygen. World scale gas-to-liquids (GTL) processes based on the partial oxidation of natural gas, followed by Fischer-Tropsch chemistry and product upgrading, may require in excess of 10,000 tons per day of pressurized oxygen. The remote location of many of these proposed projects and the availability of low-cost natural gas and byproduct steam from the GTL process disadvantages the use of traditional, motor-driven air separation units in favor of steam or gas turbine drive facilities. Another process of current interest is the partial oxidation of waste materials in industrial areas to generate synthesis gas. Synthesis gas may be processed into fuels and chemicals, or combusted in gas turbines to produce electricity. A key to the economic viability of such oxygen-based processes is cost effective air separation units, and the manner in which they are integrated with the rest of the facility. Because the trade-off between capital and energy is different for the remote gas and the industrial locations, the optimum integration schemes can also differ significantly. This paper examines various methods of integrating unit operations to improve the economics of alternative fuel facilities. Integration concepts include heat recovery, as well as several uses of byproduct nitrogen to enhance gas turbine operation or power production. Start-up, control and operational aspects are presented to complete the review of integrated designs.

scholarly journals Analysis of operation of the gas turbine in a poligeneration combined cycle

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Bartela ◽  
Janusz Kotowicz
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Cooling Air

Abstract In the paper the results of analysis of an integrated gasification combined cycle IGCC polygeneration system, of which the task is to produce both electricity and synthesis gas, are shown. Assuming the structure of the system and the power rating of a combined cycle, the consumption of the synthesis gas for chemical production makes it necessary to supplement the lack of synthesis gas used for electricity production with the natural gas. As a result a change of the composition of the fuel gas supplied to the gas turbine occurs. In the paper the influence of the change of gas composition on the gas turbine characteristics is shown. In the calculations of the gas turbine the own computational algorithm was used. During the study the influence of the change of composition of gaseous fuel on the characteristic quantities was examined. The calculations were realized for different cases of cooling of the gas turbine expander’s blades (constant cooling air mass flow, constant cooling air index, constant temperature of blade material). Subsequently, the influence of the degree of integration of the gas turbine with the air separation unit on the main characteristics was analyzed.

Next-Generation Integration Concepts for Air Separation Units and Gas Turbines

1997 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Smith ◽  
J. Klosek ◽  
D. W. Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Elevated Pressure ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Separation Unit

The commercialization of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Power has been aided by concepts involving the integration of a cryogenic air separation unit (ASU) with the gas turbine combined-cycle module. Other processes, such as coal-based ironmaking and combined power/industrial gas production facilities, can also benefit from the integration. It is known and now widely accepted that an ASU designed for “elevated pressure” service and optimally integrated with the gas turbine can increase overall IGCC power output, increase overall efficiency, and decrease the net cost of power generation when compared to nonintegrated facilities employing low-pressure ASUs. The specific gas turbine, gasification technology, NOx emission specification, and other site specific factors determine the optimal degree of compressed air and nitrogen stream integration. Continuing advancements in both air separation and gas turbine technologies offer new integration opportunities to improve performance and reduce costs. This paper reviews basic integration principles and describes next-generation concepts based on advanced high pressure ratio gas turbines, Humid Air Turbine (HAT) cycles and integration of compression heat and refrigeration sources from the ASU. Operability issues associated with integration are reviewed and control measures are described for the safe, efficient, and reliable operation of these facilities.

scholarly journals Next-Generation Integration Concepts for Air Separation Units and Gas Turbines

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur R. Smith ◽  
Joseph Klosek ◽  
Donald W. Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Elevated Pressure ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Separation Unit

The commercialization of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) power has been aided by concepts involving the integration of a cryogenic air separation unit (ASU) with the gas turbine combined-cycle module. Other processes, such as coal-based ironmaking and combined power/industrial gas production facilities, can also benefit from the integration. It is known and now widely accepted that an ASU designed for “elevated pressure” service and optimally integrated with the gas turbine can increase overall IGCC power output, increase overall efficiency, and decrease the net cost of power generation when compared to non-integrated facilities employing low pressure ASU’s. The specific gas turbine, gasification technology. NOx emission specification, and other site specific factors determine the optimal degree of compressed air and nitrogen stream integration. Continuing advancements in both air separation and gas turbine technologies offer new integration opportunities to improve performance and reduce costs. This paper reviews basic integration principles and describes next-generation concepts based on advanced high pressure ratio gas turbines, Humid Air Turbine (HAT) cycles and integration of compression heat and refrigeration sources from the ASU. Operability issues associated with integration are reviewed and control measures are described for the safe, efficient and reliable operation of these facilities.

scholarly journals Advanced Gas Turbine System Utilizing Partial Oxidation Technology for Power Generation

1997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor M. Maslennikov ◽  
Vlacheclav M. Batenin ◽  
Victor Ja. Shterenberg ◽  
Yury A. Vyskubenko ◽  
Edward A. Tsalko
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Power Generating Unit ◽  
Steam Power Plants ◽  
Technical And Economic Analysis ◽  
Useful Power ◽  
Oxidation Technology

A number of options for power generating unit repowering by installing topping gas turbine units, using the novel natural gas “partial oxidation” technology on basis of heavy duty and aeroderivative gas turbines, intended for modernization of existing natural gas fired steam power plants have been examined. A comparative thermodynamic, technical and economic analysis of these repowering options has been made. The additionally generated useful power and the efficiency of production of additional electricity have been used as the most important parameters for comparison with traditional repowering options. Pages 8, Figures 8, Tables 6.

New Technology Trends for Improved IGCC System Performance

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Anand ◽  
C. S. Cook ◽  
J. C. Corman ◽  
A. R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Primary Output

The application of gas turbine technology to IGCC systems requires careful consideration of the degree and type of integration used during the system design phase. Although gas turbines provide the primary output and efficiency gains for IGCC systems, as compared with conventional coal fired power generation systems, they are commercially available only in specific size ranges. Therefore, it is up to the IGCC system designer to optimize the IGCC power plant within the required output, efficiency and site conditions by selecting the system configuration carefully, particularly for air separation unit (ASU) integration incorporated with oxygen blown gasification systems. An IGCC system, based on a generic, entrained flow, oxygen blown gasification system and a GE STAG 109FA combined cycle has been evaluated with varying degrees of ASU integration, two fuel equivalent heating values and two gas turbine firing temperatures to provide net plant output and efficiency results. The data presented illustrate the system flexibility afforded by variation of ASU integration and the potential performance gains available through the continued use of gas turbine advances. Emphasis is place on system design choices which favor either low initial investment cost or low operating cost for a given IGCC system output.

New Technology Trends for Improved IGCC System Performance

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 732-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Anand ◽  
C. S. Cook ◽  
J. C. Corman ◽  
A. R. Smith
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Separation Unit ◽  
Primary Output

The application of gas turbine technology to IGCC systems requires careful consideration of the degree and type of integration used during the system design phase. Although gas turbines provide the primary output and efficiency gains for IGCC systems, as compared with conventional coal-fired power generation systems, they are commercially available only in specific size ranges. Therefore, it is up to the IGCC system designer to optimize the IGCC power plant within the required output, efficiency, and site conditions by selecting the system configuration carefully, particularly for air separation unit (ASU) integration incorporated with oxygen blown gasification systems. An IGCC system, based on a generic, entrained flow, oxygen blown gasification system and a GE STAG 109FA combined cycle has been evaluated with varying degrees of ASU integration, two fuel equivalent heating values and two gas turbine firing temperatures to provide net plant output and efficiency results. The data presented illustrate the system flexibility afforded by variation of ASU integration and the potential performance gains available through the continued use of gas turbine advances. Emphasis is placed on system design choices that favor either low initial investment cost or low operating cost for a given IGCC system output.

scholarly journals CO2-Argon-Steam Oxy-Fuel Production for (CARSOXY) Gas Turbines

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3580
Author(s):  
Odi Fawwaz Alrebei ◽  
Ali Al-Doboon ◽  
Philip Bowen ◽  
Agustin Valera Medina
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Separation Unit

Due to growing concerns about carbon emissions, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) techniques have become an interesting alternative to overcome this problem. CO2-Argon-Steam-Oxy (CARSOXY)-fuel gas turbines are an innovative example that integrates CCS with gas turbine powergen improvement. Replacing air-fuel combustion by CARSOXY combustion has been theoretically proven to increase gas turbine efficiency. Therefore, this paper provides a novel approach to continuously supply a gas turbine with a CARSOXY blend within required molar fractions. The approach involves H2 and N2 production, therefore having the potential of also producing ammonia. Thus, the concept allows CARSOXY cycles to be used to support production of ammonia whilst increasing power efficiency. An ASPEN PLUS model has been developed to demonstrate the approach. The model involves the integrations of an air separation unit (ASU), a steam methane reformer (SMR), water gas shift (WGS) reactors, pressure swing adsorption (PSA) units and heat exchanged gas turbines (HXGT) with a CCS unit. Sensitivity analyses were conducted on the ASU-SMR-WGS-PSA-CCS-HXGT model. The results provide a baseline to calibrate the model in order to produce the required CARSOXY molar fraction. A MATLAB code has also been developed to study CO2 compression effects on the CARSOXY gas turbine compressor. Thus, this paper provides a detailed flowsheet of the WGS-PSA-CCS-HXGT model. The paper provides the conditions in which the sensitivity analyses have been conducted to determine the best operable regime for CARSOXY production with other high valuable gases (i.e., hydrogen). Under these specifications, the sensitivity analyses on the (SMR) sub-model spots the H2O mass flow rates, which provides the maximum hydrogen level, the threshold which produces significant CO2 levels. Moreover, splitting the main CH4 supply to sub-supply a SMR reactor and a furnace reactor correlates to best practices for CARSOXY. The sensitivity analysis has also been performed on the (ASU) sub-model to characterise its response with respect to the variation of air flow rate, distillation/boiling rates, product/feed stage locations and the number of stages of the distillation columns. The sensitivity analyses have featured the response of the ASU-SMR-WGS-PSA-CCS-HXGT model. In return, the model has been qualified to be calibrated to produce CARSOXY within two operability modes, with hydrogen and nitrogen or with ammonia as by-products.

Generation of synthesis gas by partial oxidation of natural gas in a gas turbine

Energy ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 31 (15) ◽  
pp. 3199-3207 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Cornelissen ◽  
E. Tober ◽  
J. Kok ◽  
T. van de Meer
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Synthesis Gas

Design, Development and Application of Vehicle Gas Turbine Engines

1966 ◽  
Vol 181 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-172
Author(s):  
P. A. Phillips ◽  
Peter Spear
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Turbine Engines ◽  
Gas Turbine Engines ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cycle Temperature

After briefly summarizing worldwide automotive gas turbine activity, the paper analyses the power plant requirements of a wide range of vehicle applications in order to formulate the design criteria for acceptable vehicle gas turbines. Ample data are available on the thermodynamic merits of various gas turbine cycles; however, the low cost of its piston engine competitor tends to eliminate all but the simplest cycles from vehicle gas turbine considerations. In order to improve the part load fuel economy, some complexity is inevitable, but this is limited to the addition of a glass ceramic regenerator in the 150 b.h.p. engine which is described in some detail. The alternative further complications necessary to achieve satisfactory vehicle response at various power/weight ratios are examined. Further improvement in engine performance will come by increasing the maximum cycle temperature. This can be achieved at lower cost by the extension of the use of ceramics. The paper is intended to stimulate the design application of the gas turbine engine.

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