Design Evaluation Method for Miniature Machine Tools Utilizing Form-Shaping Theory

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nozomu Mishima
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Design Evaluation ◽  
Machine Performance ◽  
Positioning Errors

A microfactory is a system that can perform manufacturing processes within a very limited space such as a desktop. However, design optimization of miniature machine tools in microfactories have not been studied enough. Since the miniature machine tool designs are not supported by existing design experience as normal machine tools are, design guidelines for miniature machine tool are strongly demanded. And a design tool to analyze machine performance without prototyping will be also necessary because the miniature machines have wider design choices than normal machine tools have, based on its small size and less constraints. This paper focuses on a robust design tool combining form-shaping theory with the Taguchi method, to roughly estimate performance of miniature machine tools at its conceptual design stages. The effort not only identifies critical design parameters that have significant influence on the machining tolerance, but also determines which structure has the best theoretical performance. The paper tells that the proposing design evaluation method can help machine tool designers in determining the optimum structure of a miniature machine tool. The study also realizes two designs of miniature mills to measure positioning errors. The measurement ensures the design evaluation method can predict the machine performance well enough for usage in conceptual design stages. The paper concludes that the design evaluation method is applicable to a systematic miniaturization of a machine tool.

Optimum Size Consideration of Machine Tools

2007 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 337-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mishima
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Error Sources ◽  
Machine Performance ◽  
Small Machine ◽  
Tool Performance

As has been demonstrated in the “microfactory” which is a miniature manufacturing system proposed by the author’s research group, small machine tools that are comparable in size to their target products lead to large reductions in energy consumption and area. Experiments showed that they were capable of micro mechanical fabrication. However, the design of miniature machine tools has not been fully optimized. The author proposed a design method to estimate machine tool performance. In this paper, the design tool is applied to find miniaturizing strategies. By applying the design tool, it is possible to determine which of the design parameters and error sources would significantly affect machine performance. From the results of calculation, the tool can clarify the effect of machine tool sizes imposed on the machine performances. This leads to some suggestions regarding machine tool sizes. Finally, design guidelines for miniature machine can be obtained.

A Study on a Tool to Support Configuration Design of 5-Axis Machine Tools

2009 ◽  
Vol 407-408 ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
N. Mishima
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Design Knowledge ◽  
Configuration Design ◽  
Design Option ◽  
Tool Performance ◽  
Important Design

Design process of a machine tool is sometimes experience basis and time-consuming. The author has proposed a design tool for machine tools based on form-shaping theory and robust design technique. The tool can determine suitable configuration of machine tools, or important design parameters and error factors that affect machine tool performance, without prototyping. Especially in case of recently popular 5-axis machine tools, since the number of motion axis increases, there are huge options of axes combinations. It is difficult for machine tool designers to simulate the performance of every design option. Contrarily, the proposed design tool can clarify which design option of machine tool have better performance. In this paper, the tool is applied to the design of 5-axis machine tools. It enables to narrow the selection and make the design procedure more efficient. It also tries to suggest where the rotational motion axes should be placed. Finally, it is concluded that the design tool is effective in supporting configuration design of 5-axis machine tools structure where design knowledge has not been completely established.

Derivation of Design Guidelines for Miniature Machine Tools

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nozomu Mishima
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tools ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Local Error ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Micro Machine

As has been demonstrated the “microfactory”, which is a miniature manufacturing system proposed by the author and his research group, small machine tools that are comparable in size to their target products lead to large reductions in energy consumption and occupied space. They also increase the flexibility of system reconfiguration because of their low weight and small size. Although it had been thought that micro machine tools might not have sufficient metal cutting capability, experiments showed that were capable of micro mechanical fabrication. However, the design of miniature machine tools has not been fully optimized. For example, the design target of the first prototype, a performable miniature machine (“Micro lathe”), was to make the overall size as small as possible. The author proposed a design evaluation method to roughly estimate machine tool performances during its early design stage. In this paper, the above-mentioned design tool is applied to find suitable miniaturizing strategies. By applying the design tool to the miniaturization of machine tools, it is possible to determine which of the design candidates have the best theoretical performance and which of the local error factors would significantly affect machine performance. From the results of calculation, the tool can clarify the difference of effect of error sources on performances between normal machine tools and miniature machine tools. This leads to some suggestions regarding structures, sizes and suitable machine components. Design guidelines for miniature machine tools can be obtained from the information.

scholarly journals Positioning Errors Measurement of CNC Machine Tools Based on J-DBB Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11770
Author(s):  
Tao Sun ◽  
Wen Wang ◽  
Zhanfeng Chen ◽  
Yewen Zhu ◽  
Kaifei Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Ball Screw ◽  
Cnc Machine Tools ◽  
Positioning Error ◽  
Cnc Machine Tool ◽  
Spherical Joint ◽  
Cnc Machine ◽  
Positioning Errors

Due to the errors of the servo system and the errors of the ball screw drive system, the positioning errors inevitably occur in the process of CNC machine tools. The measurement of traditional equipment is limited by a fixed measurement radius and a single degree of freedom, which can only be measured within a fixed plane. In this paper, four different positioning errors of CNC machine tools are first measured at full scale by using J-DBB (a modified double ball bar with one spherical joint connecting two bars) method. The J-DBB device uses a three-degree-of-freedom spherical joint as a connecting part, which realizes that the measurement radius can be continuously changed, and the measurement space is a spatial sphere. First, the principle of the J-DBB method is briefly introduced. Next, four typical positioning errors of CNC machine tools are analyzed and examined, which contain the uniform contraction error of ball screw and linear grating, periodic error of the ball screw and linear grating, interference of measurement devices error, and opposite clearance error. In the end, the trajectories of the CNC machine tool spindle with a single positioning error are simulated by using the J-DBB method. The results reveal that this method can be used for the positioning error of machine tools, which helps to better understand the spatial distribution of CNC machine tool errors and provides guidance for the reasonable selection of working areas to improve the machining accuracy of parts.

Robustness Evaluation of a Miniaturized Machine Tool

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nozomu Mishima ◽  
Kousuke Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Robust Design ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Drive Unit ◽  
Control Factors ◽  
Feed Drive ◽  
Space Saving ◽  
Straightness Error ◽  
Noise Factors

Abstract This paper applies the method of robust design to machine tool design. The new design focuses on miniaturization that provides significant for energy and space saving. Our approach combines an analytical procedure representing the machining motions of a machine tool (form-shaping theory) with procedures for robust design. The effort identifies the design parameters of a machine tool that significantly influence the machining tolerance and leads to a general design guidelines for robust miniaturization. Further, this research applies the Taguchi method to the form-shaping function of a prototype miniature lathe. The analysis addresses five machine tool dimensions as control factors, while treating local errors in the machine structure as noise factors. The robustness study seeks to identify the importance of each factor in improving performance of the machine tool. The result shows that the thickness of the feed drive unit affects the performance most significantly. Among the local errors, straightness error of the same feed drive unit has a critical importance.

Exoscore: A Design Tool to Evaluate Factors Associated With Technology Acceptance of Soft Lower Limb Exosuits by Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Shore ◽  
Valerie Power ◽  
Bernard Hartigan ◽  
Samuel Schülein ◽  
Eveline Graf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Assistive Technologies ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Face Validity ◽  
Design Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Tool

Objective This pilot study proposed and performs initial testing with Exoscore, a design evaluation tool to assess factors related to acceptance of exoskeleton by older adults, during the technology development and testing phases. Background As longevity increases and our aging population continues to grow, assistive technologies such as exosuits and exoskeletons can provide enhanced quality of life and independence. Exoscore is a design and prototype stage evaluation method to assess factors related to perceptions of the technology, the aim being to optimize technology acceptance. Method In this pilot study, we applied the three-phase Exoscore tool during testing with 11 older adults. The aims were to explore the feasibility and face validity of applying the design evaluation tool during user testing of a prototype soft lower limb exoskeleton. Results The Exoscore method is presented as part of an iterative design evaluation process. The method was applied during an exoskeleton research and development project. The data revealed the aspects of the concept design that rated favorably with the users and the aspects of the design that required more attention to improve their potential acceptance when deployed as finished products. Conclusion Exoscore was effectively applied to three phases of evaluation during a testing session of a soft exoskeleton. Future exoskeleton development can benefit from the application of this design evaluation tool. Application This study reveals how the introduction of Exoscore to exoskeleton development will be advantageous when assessing technology acceptance of exoskeletons by older adults.

Data acquisition and data mining in the manufacturing process of computer numerical control machine tools

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (13) ◽  
pp. 2398-2408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Hai Li ◽  
Pu Huang ◽  
Xinyu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Machine Performance ◽  
Five Axis ◽  
Siemens 840D

Networks of five-axis machine tools produce huge amounts of process data. These data directly reflect the running condition of the machine tool but are seldom used to examine the machine performance. This study proposes a new data acquisition method based on the Object linking and embedding for Process Control protocol without any additional monitoring equipment. The data collection principle is explained, and a client is developed based on the SIEMENS 840D system. Considering less influence on the manufacturing process, a communication architecture for the machine network is designed with a special computer transmitting the data to the server. A compression algorithm is applied to reduce the storage capacity of massive amounts of data. Finally, a method for predicting the future performance of the machine tool is proposed using similarity analysis of the time series. A Petri net model is also established to diagnose possible failure causes. These methods significantly improve the machine tool reliability and find potentially important information from the data in the manufacturing process.

Structural Design and Optimization of a 3-Axis Miniaturized Machine Tool with High Precision Positioning Stages

2007 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 321-326
Author(s):  
J.H. Lee ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Sung Hwan Kweon ◽  
Young Shin Kim ◽  
Young Moon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Error Function ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Volumetric Error ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Suitable Structure ◽  
Previous Design

The procedure of structural design on miniaturized machine tool (mMT) is proposed and structural optimization by applying robustness evaluation method is presented in this paper. The design procedure of a kind of mMT which is a 3-axis miniaturized milling machine tool (mMMT) is discussed and three different structures of mMMT are proposed based on previous design procedure. The most suitable structure is selected using robustness evaluation method, which is Taguchi method, due to volumetric error function. The design parameters of selected structure are optimized.

Development of a Virtual Axis Cutter Grinder

2006 ◽  
Vol 304-305 ◽  
pp. 483-487
Author(s):  
Xian Guo Han ◽  
Wu Yi Chen ◽  
B. Huang ◽  
Shao Hong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Parallel Machine ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Program System ◽  
Parallel Machine Tools ◽  
Parallel Machine Tool ◽  
New Machine

The development of a virtual axis cutter grinder was introduced. The main contents of this paper include layout design, parameters design method, control system and program system. The purpose of the development of the parallel machine tools is for cutter grinding. The dimension of the cutter and the translation workspace for cutter grinding usually is small and is therefore suitable for the parallel machine tool application. The new machine tool has high rigidity and good precision.

Optimal Module Selection for Preliminary Design of Reconfigurable Machine Tools

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Chen ◽  
Fengfeng (Jeff) Xi ◽  
Ashish Macwan
Keyword(s):  
Machine Tool ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Module Selection ◽  
Feature Based ◽  
Conventional Machine ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
Reconfigurable Machine Tool

Presented in this paper is a feature-based method for selecting an optimal (minimum yet sufficient) set of modules necessary to form a reconfigurable machine tool for producing a part family. This method consists of two parts. In the first part, a feature-module database is created to form a selection space, where the machinable geometric features identified in STEP are defined as functional requirements (FR’s) and the structural component modules derived from the conventional machine tools as design parameters (DP’s). An inner FR-to-DP mapping mechanism within the database is based on the “Membership Grade Matrix,” which defines metrics to quantify the degree of association between a FR and a DP. Within the confines of the selection space built upon this FR-DP database, the second part of the method involves a two-step procedure for module selection. The first step is to select the modules from this space to construct all the required individual configurations of the reconfigurable machine tool. The second step is to maximize the number of common modules among the originally selected modules through re-selection. A case study on designing a reconfigurable machine tool dedicated to a given family of die molds is conducted and discussed.

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