A Metamorphic Erectable Cell Restraint (MECR)

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory H. Teichert ◽  
Quentin T. Aten ◽  
Melanie Easter ◽  
Sandra Burnett ◽  
Larry L. Howell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compliant Mechanism ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Electromechanical Systems ◽  
Metamorphic Mechanism ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Phase Motion

This paper introduces a metamorphic erectable cell restraint (MECR) to provide cell restraint in genetic research. A micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) metamorphic mechanism with two phases of motion was designed to grasp individual embryos about their midplane. The first phase of motion lifts a compliant gripper approximately 40 μm (about half the diameter of an embryo). The gripper then closes in the second phase to grasp the embryo. The metamorphic mechanism includes compliant mechanism components which are analyzed here. A microscale prototype was fabricated from polysilicon and used to demonstrate the mechanism’s two phase motion.

scholarly journals XCOVNet: Chest X-ray Image Classification for COVID-19 Early Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishu Madaan ◽  
Aditya Roy ◽  
Charu Gupta ◽  
Prateek Agrawal ◽  
Anand Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Classification ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Active Patients

AbstractCOVID-19 (also known as SARS-COV-2) pandemic has spread in the entire world. It is a contagious disease that easily spreads from one person in direct contact to another, classified by experts in five categories: asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe, and critical. Already more than 66 million people got infected worldwide with more than 22 million active patients as of 5 December 2020 and the rate is accelerating. More than 1.5 million patients (approximately 2.5% of total reported cases) across the world lost their life. In many places, the COVID-19 detection takes place through reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests which may take longer than 48 h. This is one major reason of its severity and rapid spread. We propose in this paper a two-phase X-ray image classification called XCOVNet for early COVID-19 detection using convolutional neural Networks model. XCOVNet detects COVID-19 infections in chest X-ray patient images in two phases. The first phase pre-processes a dataset of 392 chest X-ray images of which half are COVID-19 positive and half are negative. The second phase trains and tunes the neural network model to achieve a 98.44% accuracy in patient classification.

A One-Dimensional, Two-Phase Flow Model for Taylor Impact Specimens

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. Jones ◽  
P. P. Gillis ◽  
J. C. Foster ◽  
L. L. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Wave Speed ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Plastic Wave ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Strain Rate Effects ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Rate Effects ◽  
Taylor Impact ◽  
Dynamic Yield ◽  
Two Phases

In this paper, a simple theoretical analysis of an old problem is presented. The analysis is more complete than earlier versions, but retains the mathematical simplicity of the earlier versions. The major thrust is to separate the material response into two phases. The first phase is dominated by strain rate effects and has a variable plastic wave speed. The second phase is dominated by strain hardening effects and has a constant plastic wave speed. Estimates for dynamic yield stress, strain, strainrate, and plastic wave speed during both phases are given. Comparisons with several experiments on OFHC copper are included.

SenU-PTM: a novel phrase-based topic model for short-text topic discovery by exploiting word embeddings

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heng-Yang Lu ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Yuntao Du
Keyword(s):  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Topic Model ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Word Embeddings ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Short Text ◽  
Topic Discovery ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Sense Unit

PurposeTopic model has been widely applied to discover important information from a vast amount of unstructured data. Traditional long-text topic models such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation may suffer from the sparsity problem when dealing with short texts, which mostly come from the Web. These models also exist the readability problem when displaying the discovered topics. The purpose of this paper is to propose a novel model called the Sense Unit based Phrase Topic Model (SenU-PTM) for both the sparsity and readability problems.Design/methodology/approachSenU-PTM is a novel phrase-based short-text topic model under a two-phase framework. The first phase introduces a phrase-generation algorithm by exploiting word embeddings, which aims to generate phrases with the original corpus. The second phase introduces a new concept of sense unit, which consists of a set of semantically similar tokens for modeling topics with token vectors generated in the first phase. Finally, SenU-PTM infers topics based on the above two phases.FindingsExperimental results on two real-world and publicly available datasets show the effectiveness of SenU-PTM from the perspectives of topical quality and document characterization. It reveals that modeling topics on sense units can solve the sparsity of short texts and improve the readability of topics at the same time.Originality/valueThe originality of SenU-PTM lies in the new procedure of modeling topics on the proposed sense units with word embeddings for short-text topic discovery.

Anti money laundering using a two-phase system

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer Hossam Moustafa ◽  
Mohamed Zaki Abd El-Megied ◽  
Tarek Salah Sobh ◽  
Khaled Mohamed Shafea
Keyword(s):  
Money Laundering ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Risk Scoring ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Clear Shift ◽  
Monitoring Phase

Purpose – This paper aims to compete and detect suspicious transactions that can lead to detecting money laundering cases. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents a plan-based framework for anti-money laundering systems (PBAMLS). Such a framework is novel and consists of two phases, in addition to several supporting modules. The first phase, the monitoring phase, utilizes an automata approach as a formalism to detect probable money laundering. The detection process is based on a money laundering deterministic finite automaton that has been obtained from the corresponding regular expressions which specify different money laundering processes. The second phase is STRIPS-based planning phase that aims at strengthening the belief in the probable problems discovered in the first (monitoring) phase. In addition, PBAMLS contains several supporting modules for data collection and mediation, link analysis and risk scoring. To assess the applicability of PBAMLS, it has been tested using different cases studies. Findings – This framework provides a clear shift of anti-money laundering systems (AML) from depending heuristic and human expertise to making use of a rigorous formalism to accomplish concrete decisions. It minimizes the possibilities of false positive alarms and increases the certainty in decision-making. Practical implications – This framework enhances the detection of money laundering cases. It also minimizes the number of false-positive alarms that waste the investigators’ efforts and time; it decreases the efforts presented by the investigators. Originality/value – This work proposes PBAMLS as a novel plan-based framework for AML systems.

Relative growth in the Mediterranean endemic shore crab Brachynotus foresti Zariquiey Álvarez, 1968 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Varunidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-356
Author(s):  
Antonio Sanz-Brau ◽  
Francesc Mesquita-Joanes
Keyword(s):  
Carapace Width ◽  
Shore Crab ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Size At Maturity ◽  
Growth Phases ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
First Time

Abstract The relative growth of crustaceans has become a solid field of study since the early allometric studies undertaken during the first decades of the 20th century. The type of relative growth of brachyuran crabs mainly depends on the number of critical moults and growth phases, as well as on differences in the slopes of the relative growth of secondary sexual characters. We analysed for the first time the allometric growth of the brachyuran Brachynotus forestiZariquiey Álvarez, 1968 (Varunidae), a small Mediterranean endemic species, testing whether its small size might impede the manifestation of large allometries through ontogeny. We obtained 13 body measurements from 370 females and 269 males collected from the eastern Iberian Peninsula. Carapace width ranged between 2.9 and 13.9 mm. Despite the small size, large differences between males and females were observed in the relative growth of the pleon and chelipeds, as previously seen in many other Brachyura. Females followed a two-phase growth pattern, with a clear pubertal moult separating them, approximately matching an estimated size at maturity of 6.8 mm. Males also showed a pattern of development in two phases, with an increased slope in the relative growth of chelipeds during the second phase, the shift corresponding to a size at maturity of 8.0 mm. The main effect of small size in Brachynotus foresti is that immature and mature growth phases overlap so that both males and females reach maturity over a wide size range.

The Significance of a Two-Phase Growth Response to Salinity in Wheat and Barley

1995 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Munns ◽  
DP Schachtman ◽  
AG Condon
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Extension Rate ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Leaf Extension ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Wheat and barley genotypes that differed in salt tolerance were used to test a hypothesis that the growth response to salinity has two phases. In the first phase there would be a large decrease in growth rate caused by the salt outside the roots, i.e. an 'osmotic' response. In the second phase there would be an additional decline in growth caused by salt having built up to toxic levels within plants, i.e. a 'salt-specific' response. If this two-phase model is correct, genotypes that differ in their ability to exclude salt or tolerate high internal salt concentrations would not differ in growth rate for some period of time in saline conditions. This hypothesis was tested using many genotypes that had previously been found to differ greatly in salt tolerance, as defined by differences in percent reduction in yield or biomass after prolonged exposure to NaCl. Leaf extension of 15 wheat and barley genotypes was measured daily while the NaCl in the nutrient solution was increased over 10 days to 250 mM. All 15 genotypes showed a similar percentage reduction in leaf extension rate. Dry matter production of four selected wheat genotypes that again differed greatly in salt tolerance was measured for up to 6 weeks in 150 mM NaCl. All genotypes showed the same growth reduction for 4 weeks. After this initial period the more salt- sensitive genotype showed a greater decline in growth. This occurred after 60% of the leaves were dead. These data strongly support the hypothesis that the growth response to salinity has two phases, and indicate that most changes in metabolism or gene expression leading to growth reductions during the first phase relate to the osmotic effect of salinity, not to any salt-specific effect. They also indicate that the salt within the plant reduces growth by causing premature senescence of old leaves and hence a reduced supply of assimilates to the growing regions.

scholarly journals Petrography of the Mesozoic Alkaline Rocks of the Taezhniy Massif (South Yakutia, Aldan-Stanovoy Shield, Leglier Ore Cluster)

2021 ◽  
Vol 906 (1) ◽  
pp. 012115
Author(s):  
Michil Ivanov ◽  
Aleksey Ivanov ◽  
Anatolii Zhuravlev
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Optical Studies ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Small Bodies ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Host Rocks ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Syenite Porphyry

Abstract The article is concerned with the petrographie compositions of the Mesozoic alkaline igneous rocks of the Taezhniy massif and its small bodies (dikes). The Taezhniy massif is located in the central part of the Nimnyr block (Aldan-Stanovoy shield). According to our field observations, it was first determined that the Taezhniy massif has a two-phase structure, its rocks of contain syenite-porphyry and leucocratic syenites. The rocks of the massif intrude the Archean granites, and are themselves intruded by late dikes of bostonites and vogesites. Based on petrographic studies, we also identified two phases of intrusion in the Taezhniy massif – syenite-porphyry and leucocratic syenites. The difference of them is as follows: in the syenite-porphyry rocks, plagioclase predominates over K-feldspar, and the content of dark-colored minerals reaches 10%. The rocks of the second phase are characterized by the predominance of K-feldspar over plagioclase, with the content of dark-colored minerals up to 5%. The order of intrusion of the massif formations is determined by the presence of xenoliths of syenite-porphyry rocks in leucocratic syenites. The rocks of the bostonite dike cutting the massif are characterized by the absence of amphibole and an increased content of pyroxene. This is most likely due to the fact that, the rock contains xenoliths of the host rocks of biotite-pyroxene composition. The dikes also conyain xenoliths of the second phase rocks, which indicates a later age of this dike. The bostonite dike located in the immediate vicinity of the massif is almost identical to the dike found in the massif, except an amphibole in the composition of the rocks. The only dike of vogesites that intersects the body of the massif is characterized by the presence of two varieties of amphibole: common hornblende and a sufficient amount of barkevikite, which phenocrysts stand out clearly against the background of the total microcrystalline mass. Also, in the course of crystal-optical studies, it was noted that in the structure of the massif there is an increase in the leucocratic magmatism from the early phase to the late, but with a decrease in this indicator, taking into account the introduction of vogesite dikes at the late stages of magmatism development. Based on this, the conclusion is made about the antidromic development of the rocks of the Taezhniy massif. When comparing the evolution of magmatism of the Taezhniy massif with the Ryabinoviy massif, a possible gold-ore specialization of the studied object is suggested.

Habitat quality enhances spatial variation in the self-thinning patterns of stream-resident brown trout (Salmo trutta)

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 2006-2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Lobón-Cerviá
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Habitat Factors ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Two Phases

This study explored the extent to which variation in habitat factors related to growth and density influence self-thinning patterns in stream-living brown trout ( Salmo trutta ). Analysis of 110 cohorts at 12 sites of four contrasting streams revealed density–mass relationships in two phases. Density of survivors decreased little during the first half of their lifetime. A second phase commenced as individuals attained a threshold mass upon which density declined linearly with increased mass. The slopes of the second phase were greater than predicted by space and food demands. Among sites, these slopes were related to threshold densities at the beginning of the second phase. In turn, elevations, threshold densities, and slopes depicted concave trajectories against site depth, whereas threshold masses increased linearly. Apparently, cohorts remain below the carrying capacity during the first half of their lifetime and self-thin during the second half. Space-limited habitats impose site-specific carrying capacities and site-specific self-thinning coefficients, suggesting a common mechanism underlying self-thinning and an unanticipated, emerging property: two-phase patterns with far more variation in self-thinning coefficients. Variability in growth and density exhibited by brown trout and other salmonids across regions suggests that two-phase patterns may occur broadly, and self-thinning coefficients may vary widely.

scholarly journals PSYCHE-D: predicting change in depression severity using person-generated health data (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Makhmutova ◽  
Raghu Kainkaryam ◽  
Marta Ferreira ◽  
Jae Min ◽  
Martin Jaggi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Data ◽  
Gradient Boosting ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Depression Severity ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Light Gradient ◽  
Depression Status ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Access To Medical Care

BACKGROUND In 2017, an estimated 17.3 million adults in the US experienced at least one major depressive episode, with 35% of them not receiving any treatment. Under-diagnosis of depression has been attributed to many reasons including stigma surrounding mental health, limited access to medical care or barriers due to cost. OBJECTIVE To determine if low-burden personal health solutions, leveraging person-generated health data (PGHD), could represent a possible way to increase engagement and improve outcomes. METHODS Here we present the development of PSYCHE-D (Prediction of SeveritY CHange - Depression), a predictive model developed using PGHD from more than 4000 individuals, that forecasts long-term increase in depression severity. PSYCHE-D uses a two-phase approach: the first phase supplements self-reports with intermediate generated labels; the second phase predicts changing status over a 3 month period, up to 2 months in advance. The two phases are implemented as a single pipeline in order to eliminate data leakage, and ensure results are generalizable. RESULTS PSYCHE-D is composed of two Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) algorithm-based classifiers that use a range of PGHD input features, including objective activity and sleep, self reported changes in lifestyle and medication, as well as generated intermediate observations of depression status. The approach generalizes to previously unseen participants to detect increase in depression severity over a 3-month interval with a sensitivity of 55.4% and a specificity of 65.3%, nearly tripling sensitivity, while maintaining specificity, versus a random model. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that low-burden PGHD can be the basis of accurate and timely warnings that an individual's mental health may be deteriorating. We hope this work will serve as a basis for improved engagement and treatment of individuals suffering from depression. CLINICALTRIAL Data used to develop the model was derived from the Digital Signals in Chronic Pain (DiSCover) Project (Clintrials.gov identifier: NCT03421223)

scholarly journals Unravelling the panel contribution upon peer review evaluation of numerous, unstructured and highly interdisciplinary research proposals

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-326
Author(s):  
Theodoros Baimpos ◽  
Nils Dittel ◽  
Roumen Borissov
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Significant Contribution ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Rater Agreement ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Executive Agency ◽  
Remote Evaluation

Abstract In this study, we analyze the two-phase bottom-up procedure applied by the Future and Emerging Technologies Program (FET-Open) at the Research Executive Agency (REA) of the European Commission (EC), for the evaluation of highly interdisciplinary, multi-beneficiary research proposals which request funding. In the first phase, remote experts assess the proposals and draft comments addressing the pre-defined (by FET-Open) evaluation criteria. In the second phase, a new set of additional experts (of more general expertise and different from the remote ones), after cross reading the proposals and their remote evaluation reports, they convene in an on-site panel where they discuss the proposals. They complete the evaluation by reinforcing per proposal and per criterion one or another assessment, as assigned remotely during the first phase. We analyze the level of the inter-rater agreement among the remote experts and we identify its relative correlation with the funded proposals resulted after the end of the evaluation. Our study also provides comparative figures of the evolution of the proposals` scores during the two phases of the evaluation process. Finally, by carrying out an appropriate quantitative and qualitative analysis of all scores from the seven past cut-offs, we elaborate on the significant contribution of the panel (the second phase of the evaluation) in identifying and promoting the best proposals for funding.

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