Entity Recommendation for Everyday Digital Tasks

Recommender systems can support everyday digital tasks by retrieving and recommending useful information contextually. This is becoming increasingly relevant in services and operating systems. Previous research often focuses on specific recommendation tasks with data captured from interactions with an individual application. The quality of recommendations is also often evaluated addressing only computational measures of accuracy, without investigating the usefulness of recommendations in realistic tasks. The aim of this work is to synthesize the research in this area through a novel approach by (1) demonstrating comprehensive digital activity monitoring, (2) introducing entity-based computing and interaction, and (3) investigating the previously overlooked usefulness of entity recommendations and their actual impact on user behavior in real tasks. The methodology exploits context from screen frames recorded every 2 seconds to recommend information entities related to the current task. We embodied this methodology in an interactive system and investigated the relevance and influence of the recommended entities in a study with participants resuming their real-world tasks after a 14-day monitoring phase. Results show that the recommendations allowed participants to find more relevant entities than in a control without the system. In addition, the recommended entities were also used in the actual tasks. In the discussion, we reflect on a research agenda for entity recommendation in context, revisiting comprehensive monitoring to include the physical world, considering entities as actionable recommendations, capturing drifting intent and routines, and considering explainability and transparency of recommendations, ethics, and ownership of data.

Biomarker in Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review

Active surveillance (AS) in prostate cancer (PCa) represents a curative alternative for men with localised low-risk PCa. Continuous improvement of AS patient’s selection and surveillance modalities aims at reducing misclassification, simplifying modalities of surveillance and decreasing need for invasive procedures such repeated biopsies. Biomarkers represent interesting tools to evaluate PCa diagnosis and prognosis, of which many are readily available or under evaluation. The aim of this review is to investigate the biomarker performance for AS selection and patient outcome prediction. Blood, urinary and tissue biomarkers were studied and a brief description of use was proposed along with a summary of major findings. Biomarkers represent promising tools which could be part of a more tailored risk AS strategy aiming to offer personalized medicine and to individualize the treatment and monitoring of each patient. The usefulness of biomarkers has mainly been suggested for AS selection, whereas few studies have investigated their role during the monitoring phase. Randomized prospective studies dealing with imaging are needed as well as larger prospective studies with long-term follow-up and strong oncologic endpoints.

Assessing the use of the moving window approaches when monitoring social networks using a degree corrected stochastic block model

PurposeThis study aims to assess the effect of updating the Phase I data – to enhance the parameters' estimates – on the control charts' detection power designed to monitor social networks.Design/methodology/approachA dynamic version of the degree corrected stochastic block model (DCSBM) is used to model the network. Both the Shewhart and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts are used to monitor the model parameters. A performance comparison is conducted for each chart when designed using both fixed and moving windows of networks.FindingsOur results show that continuously updating the parameters' estimates during the monitoring phase delays the Shewhart chart's detection of networks' anomalies; as compared to the fixed window approach. While the EWMA chart performance is either indifferent or worse, based on the updating technique, as compared to the fixed window approach. Generally, the EWMA chart performs uniformly better than the Shewhart chart for all shift sizes. We recommend the use of the EWMA chart when monitoring networks modeled with the DCSBM, with sufficiently small to moderate fixed window size to estimate the unknown model parameters.Originality/valueThis study shows that the excessive recommendations in literature regarding the continuous updating of Phase I data during the monitoring phase to enhance the control chart performance cannot generally be extended to social network monitoring; especially when using the DCSBM. That is to say, the effect of continuously updating the parameters' estimates highly depends on the nature of the process being monitored.

Color Digital Holography Based on Generalized Phase-Shifting Algorithm with Monitoring Phase-Shift

Color digital holography (DH) has been researched in various fields such as the holographic camera and holographic microscope because it acquires a realistic color object wave by measuring both amplitude and phase. Among the methods for color DH, the phase-shifting DH has an advantage of obtaining a signal wave of objects without the autocorrelation and conjugate noises. However, this method usually requires many interferograms to obtain signals for all wavelengths. In addition, the phase-shift algorithm is sensitive to the phase-shift error caused by the instability or hysteresis of the phase shifter. In this paper, we propose a new method of color phase-shifting digital holography with monitoring the phase-shift. The color interferograms are recorded by using a focal plane array (FPA) with a Bayer color filter. In order to obtain the color signal wave from the interferograms with unexpected phase-shift values, we devise a generalized phase-shifting DH algorithm. The proposed method enables the robust measurement in the interferograms. Experimentally, we demonstrate the proposed algorithm to reconstruct the object image with negligibly small conjugate noises.

REMARRY and PURSUIT trials: liquid biopsy-guided rechallenge with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy with panitumumab plus irinotecan for patients with plasma RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer

Background Previous clinical trials have demonstrated the potential efficacy of rechallenge with anti- epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for patients with RAS/BRAF V600E wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Moreover, post hoc biomarker analyses of clinical trials has suggested that RAS status in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has a high probability to select patients who could benefit from anti-EGFR mAb rechallenge. Methods This trial is composed of 2 phases: a monitoring phase (REMARRY) and a trial phase (PURSUIT). A monitoring phase, the REMARRY study, aims to evaluate the dynamics of plasma RAS status during the subsequent treatments after refractory to anti-EGFR therapy in patients with mCRC with RAS/BRAF V600E wild-type tumors who have progressed after a response to previous anti-EGFR therapy, using a highly sensitive digital polymerase chain reaction OncoBEAM RAS CRC kit in a central laboratory (Sysmex, Japan). A trial phase, the PURSUIT trial, is a multicenter, single-arm phase II trial to assess the efficacy and safety of rechallenge therapy with panitumumab plus irinotecan in patients without RAS mutations in ctDNA (plasma RAS negative) in the REMARRY study. Key eligibility criteria of the PURSUIT trial include RAS/BRAF V600E wild-type mCRC in tumor tissue refractory or intolerant to fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan; progression after complete or partial response to previous anti-EGFR therapy; plasma RAS negative (defined as plasma mutant allele frequencies [MAF] of all RAS ≤ 0.1%) within 28 days prior to enrollment; 4 months or more between the last administration of previous anti-EGFR mAb and the start of protocol treatment; and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status (PS) ≤ 1. The primary endpoint is the confirmed objective response rate (ORR). The target sample size of the PURSUIT trial is 50 patients. Biomarker analyses will be performed in parallel using the OncoBEAM RAS CRC kit and a next-generation sequencing-based ctDNA analysis (Guardant360). Discussion Our trial aims to confirm the clinical benefit of anti-EGFR mAb rechallenge therapy in patients with plasma RAS negative. Moreover, through biomarker analyses, our trial will shed light on which patients would benefit from rechallenge in addition to being plasma RAS negative. Trial registration The REMARRY study: UMIN, UMIN000036424. Registered date: April 5, 2019. The PURSUIT trial: jRCT, jRCTs031190096. Registered date: October 1, 2019.

Design and use of crowdsourcing geographic data collection system during the monitoring phase of Environmental Impact Assessment reports

<p>When the whole earth is considered as a geographic place, it is clearly seen that the physical and social processes in the Earth’s crust have a direct or indirect connection with geography. In this century named information era, it is vital to find new solutions to people’s problems by getting different results from gathering, providing, and querying information.</p> <p>Geographic information systems are frequently used in the preparation and implementation stages of environmental impact assessment (EIA) projects. However, the failure to use spatial data effectively during the monitoring phase, which is the final step of the assessment process, causes the inability to determine whether the activities undertaken in the report are implemented. This situation causes EIA reports and activities to be questioned or even not accepted by the public.</p> <p>By inter-organizational data sharing, geographical data needs can be met and duplicate data productions can be avoided.&nbsp; However, the problem of updating the geographical data provided always comes out as the real problem.&nbsp; At this point, there are approaches that are defined as Crowdsourcing which refers the way of solving the problems of the institutions by utilizing the knowledge and experience outsourced. The most important institutional concern regarding crowdsourcing and geographical data extraction reveals itself as data consistency and accuracy.</p> <p>With the system developed within the scope of this study, the status of EIA projects in implementation with the development of the project will be effectively controlled with the participation of the administration and the public. A crowdsourcing-based system has been prepared and introduced to ensure the participation of the public. With this study, the development of the project and the problems experienced during the monitoring phase can be controlled. Thus, it will be ensured that any negative situation that could be experienced will be prevented or minimized in a way that will not harm the environment.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p>

Assessing the usefulness of instant feedback and the Hawthorne effect: an audit of time indexes of EMS missions in Tehran

Introduction It has been well established that if a person is aware that they are being monitored their commitment and effort will be maximised (the Hawthorne effect), which then leads to efficiency increase and optimal workflow. Objective Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of instant feedback and the Hawthorne effect of this intervention on pre-hospital time indexes during emergency medical service (EMS) missions. Methods This is a cross-sectional auditing study on the missions of the Tehran EMS Center (performed over a 12-month period) in three phases: pre-intervention, instant feedback, and monitoring without feedback. The measured time indexes were the different parts of mission times. To collect data, a pre-prepared checklist was set up. For the first phase, data were extracted from the database of the Tehran EMS Center. In the second and third phases, the data were entered into the relevant forms for each mission by the researcher and executive colleagues. Results The data of 229,847 missions were analysed. In the instant feedback phase, compared to the pre-intervention phase, the mean activation time, response time, scene time, transfer time and hospital delay time were decreased. When we compared the mean time indexes in the monitoring phase compared to the instant feedback phase, we saw that the average activation time, response time and transfer time were increased but they were still less than that in the pre-intervention phase. However, the scene time and hospital delay time were not changed compared to the instant feedback phase but were lower than that in the pre-intervention phase. Conclusion Auditing was effective in reducing the total time of missions and this effect was largely maintained in the monitoring phase under the Hawthorne effect.

The Design of GLR Control Chart for Monitoring the Geometric Observations Using Sequential Sampling Scheme

The control charts’ design is focused on system forecasting which is important in mathematics and statistics; these techniques are commonly employed in manufacturing industries. The need for a control chart that can conceptualize and identify the symmetric or asymmetric structure of the monitoring phase with more than one aspect of the standard attribute is a necessity of industries. The generalized likelihood ratio (GLR) chart is a well-known method to track both the decrease and increase in the mechanism effectively. A control chart, termed as a GLR control chart, is established in this article, focusing on a sequential sampling scheme (the SS GLR chart) to evaluate the geometrically distributed process parameter. The SS GLR chart statistic is examined on a window of past samples. In contexts of the steady-state average time to signal, the output of the SS GLR control chart is analyzed and compared with the non-sequential geometric GLR chart and the cumulative sum (CUSUM) charts. In this article, the optimum parameter options are presented, and regression equations are established to calculate the SS GLR chart limits.

The emotional component of teaching. A reflective training experience with teachers

The system of relationships and emotions that develop in the teaching-learning process define the complexity of teachers' education and pose the challenge of bringing out the emotional and affective culture that guides school life. Several studies on teaching practices highlight the tendency to refer to technical aspectsas a key dimension of professionalism, rather than on relational and emotional dimensions that can promote the relationship with student. The creative and unprecedented reconfiguration of professional practice is configured as the outcome of a reflexive process of subjective construction and de-construction of the profession and its development.The paper proposes a reflective training experience, which involved 76 teachers, focused on emotional and relational dimensions on teaching and based on the use of the narrative-autobiographical instruments (diary, narrative, metaphor). The results achieved in the monitoring phase show that the training offered an opportunity to reflect on oneself and one's personal and professional experience, starting from the use of alternative perspectives and interpretations than those that are already in use