Rate of Variety and its Relation to Creativity Factors

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan B. Weaver ◽  
Caleb Bennetts ◽  
Benjamin W. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Confounding Factor ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Relationship

Individual designers demonstrate different styles of ideation in conceptual design. These styles have been quantified and described primarily through protocol, think-aloud studies that examine a designer’s thought sequence during ideation. In this paper, we examine ideation style with an outcome-based approach, examining style on a continuum of rate of variety, or solution space exploration rate. We investigate the relationship between this exploration rate and creativity factors of quality and novelty using a quantitative study of problem-solving skills. We found a significant positive correlation between broad-search style and novelty and a significant positive correlation between detail-search style and quality of ideas. These correlations are in agreement with protocol studies found in literature. We also identified quantity of ideas as a possible confounding factor and discuss potential improvements to these types of studies.

scholarly journals Individual focus and knowledge contribution

First Monday ◽  
2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lada A. Adamic ◽  
Xiao Wei ◽  
Jiang Yang ◽  
Sean Gerrish ◽  
Kevin K Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Limited Time ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Contribution ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Training Practice

Before contributing new knowledge, individuals must attain requisite background knowledge or skills through schooling, training, practice, and experience. Given limited time, individuals often choose either to focus on few areas, where they build deep expertise, or to delve less deeply and distribute their attention and efforts across several areas. In this paper we measure the relationship between the narrowness of focus and the quality of contribution across a range of both traditional and recent knowledge sharing media, including scholarly articles, patents, Wikipedia, and online question and answer forums. Across all systems, we observe a small but significant positive correlation between focus and quality.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Reflective Thinking Tendencies and Social Problem Solving Abilities of Pre-Service Teachers

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadık Yüksel Sivaci
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Reflective Thinking ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Social Problem Solving ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Screening Model ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Academic Year

The ability of reflecting thinking and problem solving are two qualities that are thought effective in education of qualitative teachers and regulations of their educational status. In this study, our aim is to examine the pre-service teachers' levels of reflective thinking and problem solving and to determine if there is a significant relationship between reflective thinking and problem solving. From this aspect, this study has the quality of relational screening model. The sample of this study includes 438 pre-service teachers studying at Kırşehir Ahi Evran University in 2015-2016 academic year. As a data collecting tool, "Reflective Thinking Scale (RTS)" and "Problem Solving Inventory (PSI)" have been used. In the study, it was seen that pre-service teachers had a moderate and above positive relationship between the reflective thinking tendencies and the scores they got from the subscales of the problem solving skills and the general scores they got from the scales. It was determined that there is a significant positive relationship between reflective thinking and problem solving. In general, it is concluded that the pre-service teachers' abilities of reflective thinking and problem solving are high.

scholarly journals Personality Traits of Parents as Determinants Of Foundation of Personality Traits in Their Preschool Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 333-358
Author(s):  
Almira Isić-Imamović ◽  
Anela Hasanagić
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Negative Predictor

The study aimed to examine the relationship between the personality traits of parents (mothers and fathers) and their preschool children, to determine if there are a correlation and similarity in the personality traits of parents and their children. Also, the study aimed to explore whether the personality traits of parents (mother and father) are significant predictors of the personality traits of their preschool children. The sample consisted out of 150 children of preschool age and 150 fathers and 150 mothers. The personality characteristics of the children were assessed by their parents by completing the M5-PS-90 (Grist & McCord 2006), and afterward, parents assessed their personality traits through the Scale PMF (Kardum & Smojver 1993). The correlation analysis results showed that there are statistically significant positive correlation and similarity in emotional response, then in the degree of socialization, friendliness, conscientiousness, and intellectual openness between mothers and their preschool children, and there are statistically significant positive correlation and similarity in the degree of socialization and conscientiousness between fathers and their children of preschool age, as well. The results of the regression analysis suggested that maternal neuroticism is a statistically significant predictor for neuroticism in children, as well as a statistically significant negative predictor to form the traits of a child's extraversion and that its intellectual openness is a statistically significant positive predictor for quality of conscientiousness and intellectual openness. The results of the regression analysis also showed that the father’s extraversion is a statistically significant positive predictor to form the extraversion trait in children.

scholarly journals CORRELATION BETWEEN TYPE D PERSONALITY TRAITS AND PROBLEM SOLVING IN STUDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 391
Author(s):  
Velga Sudraba ◽  
Ilze Strīķe
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Negative Affectivity ◽  
Type D Personality ◽  
Social Inhibition ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Type D

Type D personality is characterized by the synergic effects of two persistent personality traits: negative affectivity combined with simultaneous suppression of these emotions in social situations to avoid disapproval or rejection. Type D personality traits are more prominent in certain professions and specialties, including assistance and care, which affect both behavior and problem solving in many ways, resulting in emotionally focused problem solving and avoidance style. The aim of the study - determine the relationship between Type D personality traits and problem-solving skills in students. Research question: Is there a correlation between Type D personality traits and problem-solving skills? 160 students from two faculties of Rīga Stradiņš University participated in the study - Faculty of Public Health and Social Welfare and Faculty of Rehabilitation. The permission from the Ethics Committee of Rīga Stradiņš University was obtained to do the research. Data were obtained electronically in May 2019. Three surveys were used in the research: Three questionnaires are used in the study: demographic questionnaire, DS14: Standard Assessment of Negative Affectivity, Social Inhibition, and Type D Personality and Problem Solving Inventory. The study found a statistically significant positive correlation between the level of social inhibition and the level of negative affectivity, there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the level of problem solving and the level of avoidance style, there is a statistically significant negative correlation between the age of the respondents and the level of negative affectivity and there is a statistically significant positive correlation between the level of negative affectivity and the level of problem solving.

scholarly journals Study on the relationship of depression, anxiety, lifestyle and eating habits with the severity of reflux esophagitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongxin Wang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Shuiqing Hu
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Reflux Esophagitis ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The etiology of reflux esophagitis (RE) is multi-factorial. This study analyzed the relationship of depression, anxiety, lifestyle and eating habits with RE and its severity and further explored the impact of anxiety and depression on patients’ symptoms and quality of life. Methods From September 2016 to February 2018, a total of 689 subjects at Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University participated in this survey. They were divided into the RE group (patients diagnosed with RE on gastroscopy, n = 361) and the control group (healthy individuals without heartburn, regurgitation and other gastrointestinal symptoms, n = 328). The survey included general demographic information, lifestyle habits, eating habits, comorbidities, current medications, the gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) questionnaire (GerdQ), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 depression scale and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 anxiety scale. Results The mean age and sex ratio of the two groups were similar. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the following factors as related to the onset of RE (p < 0.05): low education level; drinking strong tea; preferences for sweets, noodles and acidic foods; sleeping on a low pillow; overeating; a short interval between dinner and sleep; anxiety; depression; constipation; history of hypertension; and use of oral calcium channel blockers. Ordinal logistic regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between sleeping on a low pillow and RE severity (p = 0.025). Depression had a positive correlation with the severity of symptoms (rs = 0.375, p < 0.001) and patients’ quality of life (rs = 0.306, p < 0.001), whereas anxiety showed no such association. Conclusions Many lifestyle factors and eating habits were correlated with the onset of RE. Notably, sleeping on a low pillow was positively correlated with RE severity, and depression was positively related to the severity of symptoms and patients’ quality of life.

scholarly journals The Online Learning and Students’ Fear of COVID-19: Study in Malaysia and Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Farhat Munir ◽  
Aizza Anwar ◽  
Daisy Mui Hung Kee
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Social Presence ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Cognitive Problem ◽  
The Relationship

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced millions of students to stay indoors and adapt to the new normal, namely distance learning at home, placing online learning in the spotlight. However, students’ motivation for online learning and its effectiveness in skill development during the COVID-19 pandemic has not been widely studied. This study examined the relationship between students’ fear of COVID-19 and students’ social presence in online learning while investigating the parallel mediating role of student psychological motivation and cognitive problem-solving skills related to online learning. The participants were 472 university students in Malaysia and Pakistan. An online data collection technique using Google Forms was employed. Faculty members of the universities were asked to share the survey with their students. Moreover, using a snowball sampling technique, students were requested to share the survey with their friends. SPSS Statistics (Version 21)  was employed to do preliminary data analysis, AMOS (Version 21) software was used to conduct confirmatory factor analysis using a maximum likelihood estimation, and Hayes’ PROCESS model was used to examine proposed hypotheses. The results show that only cognitive problem solving mediates the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and students’ social presence in online learning in Malaysian samples. In Pakistan, cognitive problem solving and psychological motivation mediate the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and students’ social presence in online learning. The study found that developing cognitive problem-solving skills and providing psychological motivation could enhance their engagement with online learning.

scholarly journals Penerapan teknik faded examples untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah materi pengayaan trigonometri SMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Hanifa Prahastami Pambayun ◽  
Endah Retnowati
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Cognitive Load Theory ◽  
Instructional Materials ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Load Theory ◽  
Study Results

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan dan mendeskripsikan pengembangan bahan ajar pengayaan trigonometri SMA menggunakan teknik faded examples yang berkualitas untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa. Kualitas bahan ajar yang dikembangkan mencakup aspek kevalidan, keefektifan, dan kepraktisan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model Plomp yang mencakup tiga tahapan. (1) penelitian awal mencakup analisis kebutuhan dan analisis konteks, (2) pengembangan yang mencakup desain produk dan pembuatan produk, dan (3) evaluasi yang meliputi proses validasi dan proses implementasi. Proses pengembangan melibatkan dua ahli, satu orang guru dan 50 siswa (siswa kelas X pengayaan 1 dan X pengayaan 2) SMA IPA di Mataram. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahan ajar pengayaan berupa buku guru dan buku siswa yang dikembangkan dengan menerapkan teknik faded examples. Pada buku pengayaan terdapat paket faded examples dengan jenis backward dan forward fading dimana pada akhir paket, siswa diminta untuk membuat sendiri soal sesuai dengan materi yang sedang dipelajari. Teknik ini dikembangkan oleh teori desain pembelajaran bernama Cognitive Load Theory (CLT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar ini layak digunakan karena dinilai sangat baik secara isi dan penyajian oleh dosen validator, praktis oleh guru matematika dan praktis digunakan oleh siswa. Hasil ketuntasan belajar adalah sebanyak  100% siswa mencapai nilai minimal kemampuan pemecahan masalah. The application of faded examples techniques to improve student’s problem solving ability on trigonometry at high school level AbstractThis study was aimed to produce and describe the quality of the developed Trigonometric Senior High School Science Program Enrichment’s Instructional Materials using Faded-Examples Techniques to Improve Problem Solving Ability. The quality of the developed teaching materials include all aspects of validity, effectiveness, and practicality. This was a developmental research used three phases Plomp’s model which consists of: (1) preliminary studies which involved the needs and context analysis, (2) product design development, and (3) the evaluation process of product validation and implementation. The development process involves two experts as validator, one teacher, and 50 students (X pengayaan 1 and X pengayaan 2). The study results the trigonometric enrichment’s teaching materials which consists of the teacher’s textbook and the student’s textbook that was developed using the faded-examples technique. This technique based on The Cognitive Load Theory (CLT) instructional design. The results of the study showed that the quality of the developed trigonometric enrichment’s teaching materials is “very good” according to lecturer validation and “practical” according to the evaluation from the teachers and students. The results of the learning showed that 100% of the students passed the minimum grade criteria of problem solving skills.

scholarly journals Lecturers’ competence and the Quality of University Graduates; The Case of Private and Public Universities in Uganda.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfrey Bagonza ◽  
Anthony Muwagga Mugagga ◽  
Nicholas Itaaga
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Public Universities ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

This study investigated the effect of Lecturers' Competence on the Quality of University graduates in Uganda. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods to collect data from key university stakeholders. The study found a significant positive correlation between Lecturers' Competence and the quality of university graduates in Uganda.<br>

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