IMC-Based Calibration of the Boost Pressure Controller in an Electrically Assisted Turbocharged Gasoline Engine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baitao Xiao ◽  
Tyler Kelly ◽  
Timothy Stolzenfeld ◽  
Chenliu Lu ◽  
Dave Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gasoline Engine ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Internal Model Control ◽  
Feedback Controller ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Relay Feedback ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Electrically Assisted ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Different Types

Abstract In this work, a systematic approach is developed to calibrate a feedback controller for boost pressure control of an electrically assisted turbocharged gasoline engine. The information from the experiments indicates the system can be approximated by a Gain-Integrator-Delay (GID) model which can be robustly identified. Two controllers are designed for two different types of inner loop control (torque/speed) of the electrically assisted turbocharger. The underlying calibration methodology is based on Internal Model Control (IMC). The application of IMC leads to controllers that can be naturally mapped to a classic feedback controller. The plant model is obtained by characterizing the boost system with relay feedback experiments. The calibration methodology as well as the controller designs are demonstrated with a validated simulation platform and good performance is observed.

scholarly journals Gain-Preserving Data-Driven Approximation of the Koopman Operator and Its Application in Robust Controller Design

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 949
Author(s):  
Keita Hara ◽  
Masaki Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Controller Design ◽  
Internal Model Control ◽  
Feedback Controller ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Koopman Operator ◽  
Plant System ◽  
Dimensional Approximation ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Data Driven Modeling ◽  
L2 Gain

In this paper, we address the data-driven modeling of a nonlinear dynamical system while incorporating a priori information. The nonlinear system is described using the Koopman operator, which is a linear operator defined on a lifted infinite-dimensional state-space. Assuming that the L2 gain of the system is known, the data-driven finite-dimensional approximation of the operator while preserving information about the gain, namely L2 gain-preserving data-driven modeling, is formulated. Then, its computationally efficient solution method is presented. An application of the modeling method to feedback controller design is also presented. Aiming for robust stabilization using data-driven control under a poor training dataset, we address the following two modeling problems: (1) Forward modeling: the data-driven modeling is applied to the operating data of a plant system to derive the plant model; (2) Backward modeling: L2 gain-preserving data-driven modeling is applied to the same data to derive an inverse model of the plant system. Then, a feedback controller composed of the plant and inverse models is created based on internal model control, and it robustly stabilizes the plant system. A design demonstration of the data-driven controller is provided using a numerical experiment.

Combined Feedforward–Feedback Active Control of Road Noise Inside a Vehicle Cabin

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Duan ◽  
Mingfeng Li ◽  
Teik C. Lim ◽  
Ming-Ran Lee ◽  
Ming-Te Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Active Noise Control ◽  
Internal Model Control ◽  
Feedback Controller ◽  
Road Noise ◽  
Vehicle Cabin ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Fxlms Algorithm

Conventional active control of road noise inside a vehicle cabin generally uses a pure feedforward control system with the conventional filtered-x least mean square (FXLMS) algorithm. While it can yield satisfactory noise reduction when the reference signal is well correlated with the targeted noise, in practice, it is not always possible to obtain a reference signal that is highly coherent with a broadband response typically seen in road noise. To address this problem, an active noise control (ANC) system with a combined feedforward–feedback controller is proposed to improve the performance of attenuating road noise. To take full advantage of the feedforward control, a subband (SFXLMS) algorithm, which can achieve more noise attenuation over a broad frequency range, is used to replace the conventional FXLMS algorithm. Meanwhile, a feedback controller, based on internal model control (IMC) architecture, is introduced to reduce the road noise components that have strong response but are poorly correlated with the reference signals. The proposed combined feedforward–feedback ANC system has been demonstrated by a simulation model with six reference accelerometers, two control loudspeakers and one error microphone, using actual data measured from a test vehicle. Results show that the performance of the proposed combined controller is significantly better than using either a feedforward controller only or a feedback controller only, and is able to achieve about 4 dBA of overall sound pressure level reduction.

Model-Based Gain Scheduling Strategy for an Internal Model Control-Based Boost Pressure Controller in Variable Geometric Turbocharger System of Diesel Engines

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungwoo Hong ◽  
Inseok Park ◽  
Myoungho Sunwoo
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Internal Model ◽  
Gain Scheduling ◽  
Internal Model Control ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Scheduling Strategy ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Pressure Controller

This paper proposes a model-based gain scheduling strategy of a Skogestad internal model control (SIMC)-based boost pressure controller for passenger car diesel engines. This gain scheduling strategy is proposed with a new scheduling variable to handle the nonlinear variable geometric turbocharger (VGT) plant characteristics. The scheduling variable is derived from the pressure ratio between the exhaust and intake manifolds and the exhaust air-to-fuel ratio to estimate the static gain of the VGT plant, which varies widely with change in the engine operating conditions. The proposed static gain model was designed with the scheduling variable, engine speed, and fuel injection quantity. Compared to the steady-state experimental data, the static gain model showed an R-squared value of 0.91. The boost pressure controller had the proportional-integral (PI) structure to allow for online calibration, and the PI gains were determined using the SIMC method. The proposed static gain model for the VGT plant was integrated into the SIMC control structure to obtain the appropriate control gains under wide engine operating area. The proposed control algorithm was compared with a fixed gain boost pressure controller through various step tests of the desired boost pressure. The fixed gain controller showed a large overshoot of 64% when the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) operating condition was changed. In contrast, the proposed gain scheduled boost pressure controller reduced the overshoot to 12%. The model-based gain scheduling strategy successfully adjusted the control gains to achieve consistent control performance under various engine operating conditions.

Improved Controller Performance of Selected Hybrid SOFC-GT Plant Signals Based on Practical Control Schemes

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Tsai ◽  
David Tucker ◽  
Craig Groves
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Actuator Saturation ◽  
Filter Design ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Internal Model Control ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Control Schemes

This paper compares and demonstrates the efficacy of implementing two practical Single Input Single Output (SISO) multi-loop control schemes on the dynamic performance of selected signals of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Gas Turbine (SOFC-GT) hybrid simulation facility. The hybrid plant, located at the U.S. Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) in Morgantown WV, is capable of simulating the interaction between a 350kW SOFC and a 120kW GT using a Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) configuration. Previous studies have shown that the thermal management of coal based SOFC-GT hybrid systems is accomplished by the careful control of the cathode air stream within the fuel cell (FC). A decoupled centralized and dynamic de-centralized control scheme is tested for one critical airflow bypass loop to regulate cathode FC airflow and modulation of turbine electric load to maintain synchronous turbine speed during system transients. Improvements to the studied multivariate architectures include: feed-forward (FF) control for disturbance rejection, anti-windup (AW) compensation for actuator saturation, gain scheduling for adaptive operation, bumpless transfer (BT) for manual to auto switching, and adequate filter design for the inclusion of derivative action. Controller gain tuning is accomplished by Skogestad’s Internal Model Control (SIMC) tuning rules derived from empirical First Order Plus Delay Time (FOPDT) Transfer Function {TF} models of the hybrid facility. Avoidance of strong Input-Output (IO) coupling interactions is achieved via Relative Gain Array (RGA), Niederlinski Index (NI), and Decomposed Relative Interaction Analysis (DRIA), following recent methodologies in PID control theory for multivariable processes.

Application of IMC-PID in the Hydraulic Headbox Total Pressure Control

2012 ◽  
Vol 462 ◽  
pp. 789-795
Author(s):  
Wei Tang ◽  
Xu Zhong Niu ◽  
Wen Juan Shan
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Time Constant ◽  
Total Pressure ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Internal Model Control ◽  
Pass Filter ◽  
Low Pass Filter ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Low Pass ◽  
Pressure Control System

It is very difficult to obtain perfect performance to apply the conventional PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller, because hydraulic headbox needs high precision total pressure control. Transfer function of total pressure control system was identified by using the direct identification method which is based on the least square method for the first-order plus delay time model. Then combined with IMC (Internal-Model-control) –PID method, an IMC-PID controller was designed, which is simple and only needed to adjust one parameter-the time constant of low pass filter. Acceptable performance can also be obtained by tuning time constant of the low pass filter when the model doesn't match with the real process. The algorithm was applied to total pressure control system of hydraulic headbox. Simulation and practical application show that, IMC-PID is of strong robustness and good dynamic characteristics. Finally, the control system is implemented by S7-300 PLC.

Simple two degree of freedom structures and their properties

Robotica ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Osypiuk ◽  
Bernd Finkemeyer ◽  
Stanislaw Skoczowski
Keyword(s):  
Robot Manipulator ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Internal Model Control ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Loop Control ◽  
Model Following Control ◽  
Model Following ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Two Degree Of Freedom

A two-degree of freedom control system that is most frequently encountered in practice is the so-called Internal Model Control (IMC) structure. However, the design procedure of such a structure does not present an easy task, which implies a limited utility of IMC. In this paper two alternative solutions are proposed that may be lumped together as Model-Following Control (MFC). These are two-loop control systems being easy to implement and offering interesting properties. Theoretical assumptions have been verified experimentally on a two-joint robot manipulator. Both qualitative and quantitative results yielded by experiments are presented and discussed.

scholarly journals Control System Design Based on a Universal First Order Model with Time Delays

10.14311/258 ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Vyhlídal ◽  
P. Zítek
Keyword(s):  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Internal Model Control ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Relay Feedback ◽  
First Order ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Model Control ◽  
Siso Systems ◽  
Modelling Approach

An original modelling approach for SISO systems is presented, based on a first order model with more than one delay in its structure. By means of this model it is possible truly to hit off the properties of systems which are conventionally described by higher order models. The identification method making use of a relay feedback test combined with transient responses of the system has proved to be suitable for assessing the model parameters. With respect to its plain structure the model is well suited to be applied in the framework of an internal model control scheme (IMC). The resultant control algorithm with only one optional parameter is very simple and can easily be implemented, for example by means of a programmable controller (PLC).

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