Stamina of a Gasketed Flange Joint Under Combined Internal Pressure and Axial Loading

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abid ◽  
Niaz Bahadur Khan
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Flange Joint ◽  
Joint Performance ◽  
Bolted Flange

Performance of a bolted flange joint is characterized mainly due to its ‘strength’ and ‘sealing capability’. A number of numerical and experimental studies have been conducted to study these characteristics mostly under internal pressure loading. A very limited work is found in literature under combined internal pressure and axial loading. Due to the ignorance of this external (i.e. axial) loading, the optimized performance of the bolted flange joint cannot be achieved. The present design codes do not address the effects of axial loading on the structural integrity and sealing ability. To investigate, joint strength and sealing capability under combined loading, extensive numerical study of a gasketed flange joint is carried out. Actual joint load capacity is determined under both the design and proof test pressure with maximum additional external axial loading that can be applied for safe joint performance. Numerical results are compared with the available experimental results and overall joint performance and behavior is discussed in detail.

3-D Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis of a Non-Gasketed Flange Joint Under Combined Internal Pressure and Axial Loading

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abid ◽  
Abdul W. Awan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
External Loading ◽  
Flange Joint ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Bolted Flange

A number of analytical and experimental studies have been conducted to study ‘strength’ and ‘sealing capability’ of bolted flange joint only under internal pressure loading. Due to the ignorance of the external i.e. axial loading, the optimized performance of the bolted flange joint can not be achieved. A very limited work is found in literature under combined internal pressure and axial loading. In addition, the present design codes do not address the effects of axial loading on the structural integrity and sealing ability of the flange joints. From previous studies, non-gasketed joint is claimed to have better performance as compared to conventional gasketed joint. To investigate non-gasketed joint’s performance i.e. joint strength and sealing capability under combined internal pressure and any applied external loading, an extensive 3D nonlinear finite element analysis is carried out and overall joint performance and behavior is discussed.

scholarly journals Stamina of a Nongasketed Flange Joint Under Combined Internal Pressure, Axial, and Bending Loading: An Experimental Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abid ◽  
David H. Nash
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
External Loading ◽  
Flange Joint ◽  
Pressure Loading ◽  
Joint Performance ◽  
Bolted Flange ◽  
Bending Loading

Performance of a bolted flange joint is characterized mainly due to its “strength” and “sealing capability.” A number of analytical and experimental studies have been conducted to study these characteristics only under internal pressure loading. A very limited work is found in the literature under combined internal pressure and bending loading. Due to the ignorance of this external loading, i.e., bending and axial in addition to the internal pressure loading, the optimized performance of the bolted flange joint cannot be achieved. The present design codes do not address the effects of combined loading on the structural integrity and sealing ability. To investigate joint strength and sealing capability under combined loading, an extensive experimental study of a nongasketed flange joint with two different assemblies and with different load combinations is carried out, and overall joint performance and behavior is discussed. Actual joint load capacity is determined under both the design and proof test pressure with maximum additional external loading (axial and bending) that can be applied for safe joint performance. In addition, application of combined load is also discussed in the light of equivalent pressure approach.

Performance testing of gasketed flange joint under combined loading

2008 ◽  
Vol 223 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Abid
Keyword(s):  
Load Capacity ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
External Loading ◽  
Flange Joint ◽  
Combined Load ◽  
Test Pressure ◽  
Joint Load

This technical note presents joint strength and sealing capability of a gasketed flange joint using extensive experimental studies with different load combinations. Actual joint load capacity is determined under both the design and proof test pressure with maximum additional external loading (axial and bending) that can be applied for safe joint performance. In addition, application of combined load is also discussed in the light of equivalent pressure approach.

Behavior of gasketed bolted pipe flange joint under combined internal pressure, axial, and bending load: Three-dimensional numerical study

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abid ◽  
Niaz B Khan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
External Loading ◽  
Flange Joint ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Bending Load

Optimized performance of joint is categorized by its “structural integrity” and “sealing capability”. In literature, limited data are available regarding the performance of gasketed bolted flanged joint under combined internal and external loading; hence an optimized joint performance cannot be addressed. In this paper, a detailed three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis of bolted gasketed flange joint is performed, to study its performance under combined internal (pressure) and external (axial and bending) load. Results of the finite element analysis are compared with the experimental results available in literature providing the validation of the numerical approach developed.

Joint strength of gasketed bolted pipe flange joint under combined internal pressure plus axial load with different (industrial and ASME) bolt-up strategy

2015 ◽  
Vol 231 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niaz B Khan ◽  
Muhammad Abid ◽  
Mohammed Jameel ◽  
Hafiz Abdul Wajid
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Bolted Joints ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Design Procedures ◽  
Sealing Failure ◽  
Bolted Flange ◽  
Pipe Joint

Gasketed bolted flange joints are used in process industry for connecting pressure vessels and pipes. Design procedures available in the literature mostly discuss structural strength, while sealing failure is still a big concern in industries. Similarly, limited work is found in the literature regarding performance of gasketed bolted joints under combined loading. A detailed 3D nonlinear finite element analysis is performed to study the strength and sealing of a gasketed bolted flanged pipe joint under different bolt-up strategy (Industrial and ASME) and under combined internal pressure and axial loading.

Finite Element Analysis of a Gasketed Flange Joint Under Combined Internal Pressure and Thermal Transient Loading

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abid ◽  
Javed A. Chattha ◽  
Kamran A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Thermal Loading ◽  
Flange Joint ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Transient Loading ◽  
Thermal Transient ◽  
Transient Thermal ◽  
Bolted Flange

Performance of a bolted flange joint is characterized mainly by its ‘strength’ and ‘sealing capability’. A number of analytical and experimental studies have been conducted to study these characteristics only under internal pressure loading. In the available published work, thermal behavior of the pipe flange joints is discussed under steady state loading with and without internal pressure and under transient loading condition without internal pressure. The present design codes also do not address the effects of steady state and thermal transient loading on the structural integrity and sealing ability. It is realized that due to the ignorance of any applied transient thermal loading, the optimized performance of the bolted flange joint can not be achieved. In this paper, in order to investigate gasketed joint’s performance i.e. joint strength and sealing capability under combined internal pressure and transient thermal loading, an extensive nonlinear finite element analysis is carried out and its behavior is discussed.

Application of Plastic Region Bolt Tightening to Flange Joint Assembly: Behavior of Large Diameter Flange

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinobu Kaneda ◽  
Hirokazu Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Plastic Region ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Past Study ◽  
Flange Joint ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sealing Performance ◽  
Assembly Behavior ◽  
Bolted Flange

In the past study the plastic region tightening has been applied to the bolted flange joint with smaller nominal diameter and its advantages have been demonstrated, however, behavior of the bolted flange joint with larger diameter is not investigated. Flange rotation of the bolted flange joint with large diameter increases when the internal pressure is applied. Gasket stress is not uniform and it may cause leak accident. So, it is necessary to investigate the behavior of the larger diameter flange. The present paper describes the behavior of bolted flange joint with large diameter under plastic region tightening. Firstly, API 20-inch flange joint tightened to the plastic region by bolt with a smaller diameter and superiority in the uniformity of the axial bolt force is demonstrated. And then the internal pressure is applied to the bolted flange joint and the behavior of the additional axial bolt force is demonstrated. The axial bolt force decreases with increasing the internal pressure, and the load factor is negative due to increasing of the flange rotation. However, the load factor of the bolted flange joint tightened to the plastic region by using the bolt with the smaller diameter approached zero. Using the bolts with smaller diameter is advantageous to the flange joint with the larger diamter, whose load factor is negative, to prevent the leakage. Additionally, the leak rate from the bolted flange joint is measured and the sufficient sealing performance is obtained.

Numerical Study of an Impusively Loaded Vessel Containing Double Versus Single Closure Bolt Patterns

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. D. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Axial Loading ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Bolted Joint ◽  
Single Row ◽  
Asme Code ◽  
Calculation Results

Impulsively loaded pressure vessels are often closed using a bolted joint configured in a double staggered row pattern. The bolted joint design must maintain the placement of the vessel opening covers to support the structural integrity of the shell and also provide the necessary preload of sealing surfaces for leak prevention. Good design practice suggests configuring tensile loaded bolted joints with a double rows pattern in order to minimize prying against the bolt head induced by localized moments. Double bolt row patterns allow moments induced by load offsets to be reacted through contact of the faying surfaces of the bolted members and if separation occurs by differential axial loading of the two bolt rows. This acts to reduce direct prying of the mated members against the bolt heads. Material cost and operational time savings could be realized if a single bolt row design with acceptable performance was implemented. In this paper a detailed finite element model is described and calculation results are presented for two vessel configurations subjected to an impulsive load; a double staggered 64 bolt pattern and a single row 32 bolt pattern. Finite element results are compared to each other and to the rules of ASME Code Case 2564 in Section VIII, Division 3. Special attention is given to the loading induced in the bolts and to the relative deflection of faying surfaces containing seals. It will be shown that reducing the bolt count per opening from 64 to 32 results in increased peak response of the bolts, seal opening gaps, and shell. Nonetheless a single row bolt pattern does appear feasible and within the bounds of the Code Case.

Effects of Nut Thinning due to Corrosion on the Strength Characteristics and the Sealing Performance of Bolted Flange Joints Under Internal Pressure

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Kikuchi ◽  
Yuya Omiya ◽  
Toshiyuki Sawa
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Strength Characteristic ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Screw Thread ◽  
Flange Joint ◽  
Bearing Surface ◽  
Sealing Performance ◽  
Bolted Flange ◽  
Screw Threads

The effects of nut thinning due to corrosion on the strength characteristic and the sealing performance in 3B bolted flange joints under internal pressure are examined from both FEM calculations and experiments. The following results are obtained. When bolts and nuts in a bolted flange joint are tightened with 50% of yield stress, no yield region at the engaged screw thread occurs, however, when they arc tightened with 90% of the yield stress, a small scale yield region occurs at the roots of the engaged three screw threads from the bearing surface of the nut. While verifying this phenomenon using FEM, it was newly discovered that when the height of the nut was reduced to 1/3 (equivalent to approximately two threads) of the original dimensions according to the standards, the sealing performance could no longer be assured.

Sealing Performance Evaluation for Bolted Flange Joint with Spiral Wound Gasket Based on the Bolt Force

2019 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 246-253
Author(s):  
Fa Kun Zhuang ◽  
Xiao Peng Li ◽  
Guo Shan Xie ◽  
Jin Shi ◽  
Yian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Chemical Plant ◽  
Leakage Rate ◽  
Flange Joint ◽  
Rate Model ◽  
Rate Parameter ◽  
Sealing Performance ◽  
Bolted Flange ◽  
The Relationship

Leakage accidents often occur at the bolted flange joints, which are widely used in the petro-chemical plant. This is mainly resulted by the reduction of bolt force during operation. Therefore, bolt force is very important for sealing performance of the joints in service. Based on the leakage rate parameter, the relationship between the bolt force and gasket stress was derived. Moreover, the leakage rate model was established on the basis of bolt force. With this model, the leakage rate can be directly calculated through the bolt force, and the sealing performance can be evaluated. In order to verify this model, corresponding experiments have been performed. It shows that with the internal pressure increasing, the bolt force increases and the gasket stress reduces. There exists a monotonic relationship between the bolt force and gasket stress. The theoretical gasket stress value corresponds well with the experimental value. The calculated leakage rates for the joints also agree well with the experimental value. Then, it is feasible to evaluate the sealing performance for the bolted flange joints based on the bolt force.

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