Control Optimization Through Prediction-Based Wastewater Management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Konstantin Tilcher ◽  
Florin Popescu ◽  
Harald Sommer ◽  
Lauritz Thamsen ◽  
Paul Uwe Thamsen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Level Curves ◽  
Pumping Station ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
The Individual

Abstract As part of a collaborative research project (OPTIMA) by Fraunhofer FOKUS, Engineering Company Prof. Dr. Sieker mbH, Department of Distributed and Operating Systems and Department of Fluid System Dynamics, TU Berlin, an „Intelligent Pumping Station” is being developed. In this research project, the operation of wastewater pumping stations is to be optimized by integrating precipitation forecasts and recording operating conditions on one hand, and by integrating historical data on use and operation on the other. The individual strategies for optimizing the operation of pumping stations and the possibilities of data integration will be systematically investigated. The focus of this paper is on the method for developing an optimized pump control. It examines how knowledge of predicted inflow can be used to achieve energy savings and a reduction in wastewater overflows. This method is based on the development of an algorithm in which detailed consideration of pump specifics and future pumping station inflow can be used to predict all possible suction head level curves for the considered period of time. Depending on the target criterion — minimum energy consumption per transported cubic meter or minimum overflow volume — the algorithm calculates the optimum path from all possible suction chamber level curves.

Avoiding Sedimentation and Air Entrainment in Pump Sump for Wet Pit Pumping Stations

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Abou Ackl ◽  
Andreas Swienty ◽  
Flemming Lykholt-Ustrup ◽  
Paul Uwe Thamsen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Model ◽  
Air Entrainment ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Criteria ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Pumping Station ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Pump Sump ◽  
Pump Stations

In many places lifting systems represent central components of wastewater systems. Pumping stations with a circular wet-pit design are characterized by their relatively small footprint for a given sump volume as well as their relatively simple construction technique [1]. This kind of pumping stations is equipped with submersible pumps. These are located in this case directly in the wastewater collection pit. The waste water passes through the pump station untreated and loaded with all kind of solids. Thus, the role of the pump sump is to provide an optimal operating environment for the pumps in addition to the transportation of sewage solids. Understanding the effects of design criteria on pumping station performance is important to fulfil the wastewater transportation as maintenance-free and energy efficient as possible. The design of the pit may affect the overall performance of the station in terms of poor flow conditions inside the pit, non-uniform und disturbed inflow at the pump inlet, as well as air entrainment to the pump. The scope of this paper is to evaluate the impact of various design criteria and the operating conditions on the performance of pump stations concerning the air entrainment to the pump as well as the sedimentation inside the pit. This is done to provide documentation and recommendations of the design and operating of the station. The investigated criteria are: the inflow direction, and the operating submergence. In this context experiments were conducted on a physical model of duplex circular wet pit wastewater pumping station. Furthermore the same experiments were reproduced by numerical simulations. The physical model made of acrylic allowed to visualize the flow patterns inside the sump at various operating conditions. This model is equipped with five different inflow directions, two of them are tangential to the pit and the remaining three are radial in various positions relative to the pumps centerline. Particles were used to enable the investigation of the flow patterns inside the pit to determine the zones of high sedimentation risk. The air entrainment was evaluated on the model test rig by measuring the depth, the width and the length of the aerated region caused by the plunging water jet and by observing the air bubbles entering the pumps. The starting sump geometry called baseline geometry is simply a flat floor. The tests were done at all the possible combinations of inflow directions, submergence, working pump and operating flow. The ability of the numerical simulation to give a reliable prediction of air entrainment was assessed to be used in the future as a tool in scale series to define the scale effect as well as to analyze the flow conditions inside the sump and to understand the air entrainment phenomenon. These simulations were conducted using the geometries of the test setup after generating the mesh with tetrahedral elements. The VOF multiphase model was applied to simulate the interaction of the liquid water phase and the gaseous air phase. On the basis of the results constructive suggestions are derived for the design of the pit, as well as the operating conditions of the pumping station. At the end recommendations for the design and operating conditions are provided.

OPTIMIZING THE PIPELINE DIAMETER OF A CIRCULAR SPRINKLER ACCORDING TO THE MINIMUM ENERGY CONSUMPTION CRITERION

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
NIKOLAY V. TSUGLENOK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Electric Drive ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
The Relationship

The authors have determined the conditions for the eff ective use of modern electrifi ed circular sprinklers in the central part of Russia. Their designs are chosen depending on the agrotechnical requirements for irrigation, including the change in the diameter of the water distribution pipeline. However, when the diameter of the pipeline changes, the load on the electric drive of the support trolleys of the sprinkler changes too, which leads to a corresponding change in energy consumption. In turn, this also changes the load of the water supply pump. The paper sets the task of determining the optimal change in the diameter of pipelines according to the criterion of minimum energy consumption, taking into account a number of assumptions. The authors have analyzed the relationship between the change in the load on the electric drive of the sprinkler support trolley and the change in the diameter of one sprinkler section pipeline. It has been found that a decrease in the diameter by 27% (for example, the transition of the diameter of 219 mm to the diameter of 159 mm) leads to a decrease in the load on the electric drive by 38%. However, this also leads to an increase in the head loss in the water supply pump motor and, respectively, to an increase in the load and energy consumption by 0.8…3.8%. The eff ect is initially obvious, but the power of the electric motor of the water supply pump is 10…25 times higher than that of the electric motor of the sprinkler support trolley. Based on the similarity coeffi cients of the irrigation components (water supply and water distribution), the relationship beteween the total energy consumption and the change in the diameter of the water distribution pipeline has been obtained. By diff erentiating the obtained function, the dependence of the value of the optimal diameter for specifi c operating conditions is also obtained. Graphs of the relationship between energy consumption and the change in diameter have been determined, taking into account some restrictions: pump supply, static pressure, and the number of the sprinkler sections.

scholarly journals Influence of the Improvement in Thermal Expectation Levels with Adaptive Setpoint Temperatures on Energy Consumption

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 5282
Author(s):  
David Bienvenido-Huertas ◽  
Daniel Sánchez-García ◽  
Carlos Rubio-Bellido ◽  
Jesús A. Pulido-Arcas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Thermal Tolerance ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Static Model ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Adaptation Capacity ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
Adaptive Comfort

A sustainable use of active heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems is crucial for minimum energy consumption. Currently, research studies are increasingly applying adaptive setpoint temperatures, thus reducing considerably the energy consumption without influencing comfort levels excessively. Most of them, however, are focused on the limit values of adaptive comfort standards without considering the tolerance in users’ adaptation capacity. This research study analyzed various tolerance ranges in the recent adaptive thermal comfort model from EN 16798-1:2019 used in setpoint temperatures. The study focused on the south of Europe, considering 47 cities in Spain, 18 cities in Portugal, 13 cities in Greece, and 20 cities in Italy. In addition, such cities were analyzed in three climate scenarios: present time, 2050, and 2100. The results showed that values prefixed by EN 16798-1:2019 for new buildings (tolerance of 0.00 °C) produced significant savings with respect to the static model and that each progressive improvement in users’ thermal expectations in 0.25 °C increased the energy consumption between 6.57 and 9.31% in all scenarios analyzed. Even applying a thermal tolerance of 1.50 °C, energy savings are currently produced with respect to the static model. This tendency increases in future scenarios until a thermal tolerance of 1.75 °C. The results of this paper provide greater knowledge about the possible energy increase that the improvement in users’ expectations would produce.

scholarly journals Achieving reliability and energy savings in operate of pumping stations

2021 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Oleg Glovatskii ◽  
Jaloliddin Rashidov ◽  
Вoybek Kholbutaev ◽  
Khayrullo Tuychiev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Flow Section ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Pumping Units

Hydromechanical equipment of pumping stations of irrigation systems, including the main equipment of pumping stations of the Amu-Bukhara machine channel, was taken as the object of research. The study aims to assess the operating conditions of pumping stations and improve the main units' reliability by developing new units that ensure reliable and resource-saving operations. An important consequence of using new elements of irrigation systems during reconstruction is an increase in the unit capacity of regulated pumping units, which gives additional energy savings and reduces technological costs by 15-20%. The practical significance of the research results is based on the developed methods of hydraulic calculation of the flow in the flow section of the pumps, the assessment of reliability during operation under various conditions of the quality of the pumped water, and the criteria of its state.

Потенциальные возможности энергосбережения при эксплуатации системы водоотведения крупного города

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ermolin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Large City ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Gravity Network

В статье, без математической формализации, опираясь только на физические представления о процессе водоотведения крупного города, вскрывается потенциал экономии электроэнергии при транспортировке сточных вод по разветвленной напорно-самотечной сети. Этот потенциал, заключенный в самой ее структуре, может быть реализован путем целенаправленного оперативного перераспределения потоков сточных вод по канализационным насосным станциям и транспортным магистралям сети, добиваясь минимума суммарных затрат электроэнергии всеми насосными станциями. Показано, что расчет такого перераспределения возможен только на базе математической модели объекта, формулируя и решая соответствующую оптимизационную задачу. Обсуждаются требования, которым должна удовлетворять математическая модель объекта, и показываются ее возможности при управлении сетью не только в нормальных эксплуатационных режимах, но и при аварийных ситуациях. Рассмотрение проблемы базируется на положительных результатах широкомасштабного производственного эксперимента, проведенного ранее, по оптимальному управлению участком системы водоотведения Москвы.The article, without mathematical formalization, with due consideration of physical interpretations of the process of wastewater disposal in a large city, reveals the potential for energy savings in the process of wastewater transportation in an extensive gravity network, enclosed in its very structure. This potential can be fulfilled through targeted operational redistribution of wastewater flows over sewage pumping stations and transportation mains of the network, achieving the minimum of total energy consumption by all pumping stations. It is shown that the calculation of such a redistribution is possible only on the basis of a mathematical model of the project by formulating and solving the corresponding optimization problem. The requirements that the mathematical model of the project shall meet are discussed and its capabilities are shown while operating the network not only in normal operating conditions but also in emergency situations. The consideration of the problem is based on the positive results of a large-scale industrial experiment conducted earlier on the optimal management of a section of the Moscow sanitation system.

Supervision of Pumps and their Operating Conditions in Sewage Pumping Stations

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carsten Skovmose Kallesøe ◽  
Mick Eriksen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Optimal Scheduling ◽  
Pumping Station ◽  
Sewer Network ◽  
Pump Station ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
System Optimal ◽  
Sewer Networks

The main energy consumers in sewer networks are the sewage pumps. Therefore, to minimize the energy consumption, it is essential that these pumps operate under satisfactory conditions. Knowledge about the efficiency of the pumps and their operating conditions can help the pump station management to operate the system optimal. In the search for innovative solutions that can help the sewer management with this information, we propose a method that provides information on the pump flows, the inflow to a sewage pit, and an online estimate of the efficiency of the pump. All these information are obtained without a flow sensor. We argued that the calculated flow values can be used by the sewer management to optimize the operation on the sewer pumps, and the efficiency estimate can be used for optimal scheduling of maintain procedures. The flow and the efficiency estimations are exemplified on a pumping station of the sewer network in Herning, Denmark.

An Analysis of Increasing the Purity of Ethylene Production in the Ethylene Fractionation Column by the Genetic Algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asadollah Karimi ◽  
Hadi Soltani ◽  
Aydin Hasanzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Distillation Column ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Reflux Ratio ◽  
Simulation And Optimization ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
Fractionation Column

AbstractDistillation columns are among the most common fractionation systems with numerous applications in petrochemical units. Hence, the optimization of these columns is a large step in reducing energy consumption and increasing process productivity. This study was, therefore, carried out as a case study of the simulation and optimization of the parameters influencing the ethylene production of the ethylene distillation column in an olefin unit. The two defined objective functions in this research were maximum mass flow of ethylene in the upstream flow of the distillation column and the minimum energy consumption in the distillation column. The optimal operating conditions for the independent variables were estimated using the NSGAII algorithm. The sensitivity analysis of the results was, thereafter, carried out and the optimization results introduced tray no. 71 as the most suitable feed location. In addition, the optimal reflux ratio and the optimal feed flow temperature were 5.26 and −18.49 °C, respectively. In this condition, the upstream ethylene flow rate and energy consumption in the unit increased by approximately 0.74 % and 0.9 % as compared to the initial conditions, respectively.

scholarly journals Dynamic Behaviour of Thermally Coupled Distillation Arrangements: Effect of the Interconnection Flowrate

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erick Yair Miranda-Galindo ◽  
Juan Gabriel Segovia - Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Thermally Coupled Distillation ◽  
Distillation Columns ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
Coupled Structures ◽  
Value Decomposition

Thermally coupled distillation sequences can provide significant energy savings with respect to the operation of conventional distillation columns. Coupled sequences exhibit a complex structure, with recycle streams, that appear to affect their controllability properties. One potential solution to this problem has been suggested through the operation of complex schemes under conditions that do not provide minimum energy consumption. The basic idea is that if one changes the value of the interconnection flowrate, the control properties might change as well. In this work, we analyze the dynamic behavior of two coupled structures under different operating points, including the one with minimum energy consumption. The control analysis properties are analyzed with the application of the singular value decomposition technique in all frequency domains. The results show that the controllability properties of distillation sequences may change significantly depending on the selected value of interconnection flowrate.

Simulation of Cylinder Valves for Reciprocating Compressors

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enzo Giacomelli ◽  
Fabio Falciani ◽  
Guido Volterrani ◽  
Riccardo Fani ◽  
Leonardo Galli
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Mechanical Valve ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Minimum Energy Consumption ◽  
Cfd Models ◽  
Compression Cycle ◽  
Variable Operating Conditions

Advanced mathematical models are now used to simulate reciprocating compressors and particularly the cylinder valves. The valves represent the most critical component of these machines and need particular attention from the technology point of view. In addition, the potential variable operating conditions must be properly addressed and investigated. The pulsations generated by the compressor and piping system can have a critical impact on valve behavior. Therefore for complex situations a simulation of the complete system including pressure vessels and piping can be performed. The results of the programs include displacement, pressure drop, compression cycle, and pressure pulsations based on coefficients obtained experimentally and through advanced CFD models. Through simulation an optimum compromise between mechanical valve behavior and minimum energy consumption can be found.

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