Fault Diagnosis of Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Components Using Feed Forward Neural Networks

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Camporeale ◽  
L. Dambrosio ◽  
A. Milella ◽  
M. Mastrovito ◽  
B. Fortunato
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Single Fault ◽  
Fault Parameters ◽  
Feed Forward Neural Networks ◽  
Steam Plant ◽  
Steam Cycle

A diagnostic tool based on Feed Forward Neural Networks (FFNN) is proposed to detect the origin of performance degradation in a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine (CCGT) power plant. In such a plant, due the connection of the steam cycle to the gas turbine, any deterioration of gas turbine components affects not only the gas turbine itself but also the steam cycle. At the same time, fouling of the heat recovery boiler may cause the increase of the turbine back-pressure, reducing the gas turbine performance. Therefore, measurements taken from the steam cycle can be included in the fault variable set, used for detecting faults in the gas turbine. The interconnection of the two parts of the CCGT power plant is shown through the fingerprints of selected component fault models for a power plant composed of a heavy-duty gas turbine and a steam plant with a single pressure recovery boiler. The diagnostic tool is composed of two FFNN stages: the first network stage is addressed to pre-process fault data in order to evaluate the influence of the single fault variable on the single fault condition. The second FFNN stage detects the fault conditions. Tests with simulated data show that the the diagnostic tool is able to recognize single faults of both the gas turbine and the steam plant, with a high rate of success, in case of full fault intensity, even in presence of uncertainties in measurements. In case of partial fault intensity, faults concerning gas turbine components and the superheater, are well recognized, while false alarms occur for the other steam plant component faults, in presence of uncertainties in data. Finally, some combinations of faults, belonging either to the gas turbine or the steam plant, have been examined for testing the diagnostic tool on double fault detection. In this case, the network is applied twice. In the first step the amount of the fault parameters that originate the primary fault are estimated. In the second step, the diagnostic tool curtails the contribution of the main fault to the fault parameters, and the diagnostic process is reiterated. In the examined fault combinations, the diagnostic tool was able to detect at least one of the two faults in about 60% of the cases, even in presence of uncertainty in measurements and partial fault intensity.

Steam Turbine Driving Compressor for Gas-Steam Combined Cycle Power Plant

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wancai Liu ◽  
Hui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Thermodynamic Process ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Steam Cycle

Gas turbine is widely applied in power-generation field, especially combined gas-steam cycle. In this paper, the new scheme of steam turbine driving compressor is investigated aiming at the gas-steam combined cycle power plant. Under calculating the thermodynamic process, the new scheme is compared with the scheme of conventional gas-steam combined cycle, pointing its main merits and shortcomings. At the same time, two improved schemes of steam turbine driving compressor are discussed.

Feed Forward Neural Network-Based Diagnostic Tool for Gas Turbine Power Plant

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Dambrosio ◽  
Marco Bomba ◽  
Sergio M. Camporeale ◽  
Bernardo Fortunato
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Feed Forward Neural Network ◽  
Feed Forward ◽  
Single Fault ◽  
Fully Connected ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant

A diagnostic tool able to detect faults that may occur in a gas turbine power plant at an early stage of their emergence is of a great importance for power production. In the present paper, a diagnostic tool, based on Feed Forward Neural Networks (FFNN), has been proposed for gas turbine power plants with a condition monitoring approach. The main aim of the proposed diagnostic tool is to reliably detect not only every considered single fault, but also two or more faults that may occur contemporarily. Two different FFNNs compose the proposed diagnostic tool. The first network, that is not-fully connected, operates a fault pre-processing in order to evaluate the influence of the single fault variable on the single fault condition. The second FFNN detects the fault conditions by means of an iterative process. Such a diagnostic tool has been applied to a mathematical model of a single shaft gas turbine for power generation, resulting able to detect the 100% of single faults and the 80% of combined faults.

The Effect of Ambient Conditions on the Performance of Supplementary Fired Gas-Steam Combined Cycle

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Kermani ◽  
B. Rad Nasab ◽  
M. Saffar-Avval
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Site Location ◽  
Steam Generators ◽  
Steam Cycle

The effect of ambient conditions, ambient temperature and site location of the power plant (the altitude or ambient pressure), on the performance of a typical supplementary fired (SF) gas-steam combined cycle (CC) is studied, and its performances are compared with that of the unfired case. The CC used in the present study is comprised of two V94.2 gas turbine units, two HR-steam generators and a single steam cycle. For the cases studied, it is observed that SF can increase the total net power of the CC by 5% and the efficiency for the fired-cycle is observed to be about 1% less than that of unfired-cycle case. The variations of the total net power with ambient temperature for both supplementary fired and unfired cases (slope w.r.t. the ambient temperature) are almost identical.

scholarly journals Combined Cycle Retrofit can Also Uprate Steam Plant Capability

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Miliaras ◽  
P. J. Kelleher ◽  
A. Pasha
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Cost Approach ◽  
Additional Capacity ◽  
Overall Efficiency ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Steam Plant ◽  
Steam Cycle

A simple, low cost approach to uprating existing steam plants is presented. The proposed uprating eliminates or reduces much of the boiler and turbine work required by conventional uprating methods. Waste heat from a gas turbine’s exhaust can be transferred into the steam cycle of an existing plant creating a combined-cycle unit with greater output than the combined capabilities of the two independent units and improved overall efficiency. When using or relocating an existing gas turbine the cost of the additional midrange capacity (steam plant uprate plus gas turbine) will be far less than the cost of new fossil capacity. The additional capacity is gained without creating a new emissions source.

Development of a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine/Steam Plant for Training Marine and Power Engineers

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Peter Sarnacki ◽  
Richard Kimball ◽  
Barbara Fleck
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Engineering Programs ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Steam Plant

The integration of micro turbine engines into the engineering programs offered at Maine Maritime Academy (MMA) has created a dynamic, hands-on approach to learning the theoretical and operational characteristics of a turbojet engine. Maine Maritime Academy is a fully accredited college of Engineering, Science and International Business located on the coast of Maine and has over 850 undergraduate students. The majority of the students are enrolled in one of five majors offered at the college in the Engineering Department. MMA already utilizes gas turbines and steam plants as part of the core engineering training with fully operational turbines and steam plant laboratories. As background, this paper will overview the unique hands-on nature of the engineering programs offered at the institution with a focus of implementation of a micro gas turbine trainer into all engineering majors taught at the college. The training demonstrates the effectiveness of a working gas turbine to translate theory into practical applications and real world conditions found in the operation of a combustion turbine. This paper presents the efforts of developing a combined cycle power plant for training engineers in the operation and performance of such a plant. Combined cycle power plants are common in the power industry due to their high thermal efficiencies. As gas turbines/electric power plants become implemented into marine applications, it is expected that combined cycle plants will follow. Maine Maritime Academy has a focus on training engineers for the marine and stationary power industry. The trainer described in this paper is intended to prepare engineers in the design and operation of this type of plant, as well as serve as a research platform for operational and technical study in plant performance. This work describes efforts to combine these laboratory resources into an operating combined cycle plant. Specifically, we present efforts to integrate a commercially available, 65 kW gas turbine generator system with our existing steam plant. The paper reviews the design and analysis of the system to produce a 78 kW power plant that approaches 35% thermal efficiency. The functional operation of the plant as a trainer is presented as the plant is designed to operate with the same basic functionality and control as a larger commercial plant.

Gas Turbine Bottoming Cycles: Triple-Pressure Steam Versus Kalina

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Marston ◽  
M. Hyre
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Kalina Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle Power Plant ◽  
Pressure Steam ◽  
Plant Configuration ◽  
Steam Cycle

The performance of a triple-pressure steam cycle has been compared with a single-stage Kalina cycle and an optimized three-stage Kalina cycle as the bottoming sections of a gas turbine combined cycle power plant. A Monte Carlo direct search was used to find the optimum separator temperature and ammonia mass fraction for the three-stage Kalina cycle for a specific plant configuration. Both Kalina cycles were more efficient than the triple pressure steam cycle. Optimization of the three-stage Kalina cycle resulted in almost a two percentage point improvement.

Coal-Derived Gas Utilization in Combined Gas-Steam Cycle Power Plants

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Tuccillo ◽  
G. Fontana ◽  
E. Jannelli
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Saturation Pressure ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Specific Work ◽  
Steam Cycle

In this paper, a general analysis of combined gas-steam cycles for power plants firing with both hydrocarbons and coal derived gas is reported. The purpose of this paper is to study the influence on power plants performance of different kind of fuels and to evaluate the most significant parameters of both gas and combined cycle. Results are presented for plant overall efficiency and net specific work, steam to gas mass flow ratio, dimensionless gas turbine specific speed and diameter, CO2 emissions etc., as functions of gas cycle pressure ratio and of the combustion temperature. Furthermore, for an existing power plant with a 120 MW gas turbine, the authors try to establish in which measure the combined cycle characteristic parameters, the gas turbine operating conditions, and the heat recovery steam generator efficiency, are modified by using synthetic fuels of different composition and calorific value. The influence is also analyzed either of bottoming steam cycle saturation pressure or — in a dual pressure steam cycle — of dimensionless fraction of steam mass flow in high pressure stream. The acquired results seem to constitute useful information on the criteria for the optimal design of a new integrated coal gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plant.

Increasing the Efficiency of a Gas Turbine Power Plant by Waste Heat Recovery

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Shukla ◽  
M. Izadi ◽  
P. Marzocca ◽  
D. K. Aidun
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Current System ◽  
Temperature Drop ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Gas Turbine Power Plant ◽  
Steam Cycle

The objective of this paper is to evaluate methods to increase the efficiency of a gas turbine power plant. Advanced intercooled gas turbine power plants are quite efficient, efficiency reaching about 47%. The efficiency could be further increased by recovering wasted heat. The system under consideration includes an intercooled gas turbine. The heat is being wasted in the intercooler and a temperature drop happens at the exhaust. For the current system it will be shown that combining the gas cycle with steam cycle and removing the intercooler will increase the efficiency of the combined cycle power plant up to 60%. In combined cycles the efficiency depends greatly on the exhaust temperature of the gas turbine and the higher gas temperature leads to the higher efficiency of the steam cycle. The analysis shows that the latest gas turbines with the intercooler can be employed more efficiently in a combined cycle power application if the intercooler is removed from the system.

scholarly journals Fuel-Flexible Combined Cycles for Utility Power and Cogeneration

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Roberts ◽  
T. E. Duffy ◽  
H. Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
Plant Efficiency ◽  
Steam Cycle

Two combustion turbine combined cycle power plants have been studied for performance and operating economics. Both power plants are in the size range that will be suitable for small utility application and use less than 106 GJ/hr (100 million Btu/hr). The Powerplant and Industrial Fuel Use Act of 1978 has exempted power plants of this size from the requirement to use coal. The first power plant is based on the Solar Turbines International (STI) Mars industrial gas turbine. The combined gas turbine/steam cycle is direct fired with No. 2 diesel fuel. A net plant efficiency of 39.7 percent (HHV) is obtained at the 11.56-mW growth rating of the Mars engine for a turbine rotor inlet temperature of 1331 K (1935 F). A total installed cost for the system is estimated to be within the band 545 to 660 $/kW. The second power plant is based on STI’s Centaur industrial gas turbine. The combined gas turbine/steam cycle is indirectly fired with solid fuel although it is intended that the installation can be initially fired with a liquid fuel. A net plant efficiency of 25.0 percent (HHV) is obtained burning Illinois No. 6 coal at a rating of 3.78 mW with a turbine inlet gas temperature of 1117 K (1550 F).

Repowering a Steam Turbine-Generator Power Plant Through Heat Recovery Type Combined Cycle: Selection of the Cycle — A Case Study

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Bazzini
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Water Heaters ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Steam Cycle

Much of the steam-turbine based, power generating units all over the word are more than 30 years old now. Within a few years they will face the possibility of retirement from service and replacement. Nonetheless some of them are firm candidates for repowering, a technology able to improve plant efficiency, output and reliability at low costs. This paper summarizes a study performed to establish the feasibility to repower a 2 × 33 MW steam turbine power plant and the procedure followed until selection of the steam cycle more suitable to the project. The preferred solution is compared with direct replacement of the units by a new combined cycle. Various repowering options were reviewed to find “beat recovery” type repowering as the best solution. That well-known technology consists of replacing the steam generator by a gas turbine coupled to an HRSG, supplying steam to the existing steam turbine. Three “GT+HRSG+ST” arrangements were considered. Available gas turbine-generators — both industrial and aero-derivative type —, were surveyed for three power output ranges. Five “typical” gas turbine-generator classes were then selected. Steam flow raised at the HRSG, gross and net power generation, and heat exchanging surface area of the HRSG, were calculated for a broad range of usually applied, steam turbine throttle conditions. Both single pressure and double pressure steam cycles were considered, as well as supplemental fire and convenience of utilizing the existing feed water heaters. Balance of plant constraints were also reviewed. Estimates were developed for total investment, O&M costs, fuel expenses, and revenues. Results are shown through various graphics and tables. The route leading to the preferred solution is explained and a sensitivity analysis added to validate the selection. The preferred solution, consisting in a Class 130 gas turbine in arrangement 1–1–2, a dual-pressure HRSG and a steam cycle without feed-water heaters, win allow delivering 200 MW to the grid, with a heat rate of 7423 kJ/kW-hr. Investment was valued at $MM77.0, with an IRR of 15.3%. Those figures compare well with the option of installing a new GTCC unit: with a better heat rate but an investment valued at $MM97.5, its IRR will only be 12.4%.

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