Micro Gas Turbine Firing Ammonia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiko Iki ◽  
Osamu Kurata ◽  
Takayuki Matsunuma ◽  
Takahiro Inoue ◽  
Taku Tsujimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Catalytic Reduction ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Combustion ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Ammonia Gas ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
New Facility ◽  
Gas Supply

A demonstration test with the aim to show the potential of ammonia-fired power plant is planned using a micro gas turbine. 50kW class turbine system firing kerosene is selected as a base model. A standard combustor is replaced by a prototype combustor which enables a bi fuel supply of kerosene and ammonia gas. Diffusion combustion is employed in the prototype combustor due to its flame stability. Demonstration test firing ammonia gas was achieved using a new facility of large amount of ammonia supply. The gas turbine started firing kerosene and increased its electric power output. After achievement of stable power output, ammonia gas was started to be supplied and its flow rate increased gradually. 41.8kW power output was achieved by firing ammonia gas only. Ammonia gas supply increases NOx in the exhaust gas dramatically. However post-combustion clean-up of the exhaust gas via Selective Catalytic Reduction can reduce NOx successfully.

Micro Gas Turbine Firing Kerosene and Ammonia

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiko Iki ◽  
Osamu Kurata ◽  
Takayuki Matsunuma ◽  
Takahiro Inoue ◽  
Masato Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Combustion ◽  
Flame Stability ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Electric Power Output ◽  
Ammonia Gas ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Supply

A demonstration test with the aim to show the potential of ammonia-fired power plant is planned using a micro gas turbine. 50kW class turbine system firing kerosene is selected as a base model. A standard combustor is replaced by a prototype combustor which enables a bi fuel supply of kerosene and ammonia gas. Diffusion combustion is employed in the prototype combustor due to its flame stability. Demonstration test of co-firing of kerosene and ammonia gas was achieved to check the functionality of the each component of the micro gas turbine. The gas turbine started firing kerosene and increased its electric power output. After achievement of stable power output, ammonia gas was started to be supplied and its flow rate increased gradually. 21kW power generation was achieved with 30% decrease of kerosene by supplying ammonia gas. Ammonia gas supply increases NOx in the exhaust gas dramatically. However post-combustion clean-up of the exhaust gas via SCR can reduce NOx successfully.

Operation and Flame Observation of Micro Gas Turbine Firing Ammonia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihiko Iki ◽  
Osamu Kurata ◽  
Takayuki Matsunuma ◽  
Takahiro Inoue ◽  
Taku Tsujimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
No Emission ◽  
Ammonia Gas ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Low Nox Combustion ◽  
Swirling Flames

A demonstration test with the aim to show the potential of ammonia-fired power plant is planned using a micro gas turbine. 50kW class turbine system firing kerosene is selected as a base model. Over 40kW of power generation was achieved by firing ammonia gas only. Over 40kW of power generation was also achieved by firing mixture of ammonia and methane. However ammonia gas supply increases NOx in the exhaust gas dramatically. NOx concentration in the exhaust gas of gas turbine reached at over 600ppm. In the case of the gas turbine operation firing kerosene-ammonia with 31kW of power generation at 75,000rpm of rotating speed, the LHV (Lower Heating Value) ratio of ammonia to the total supplied fuel was changed from 0% to 100% in detail. NO emission increases rapidly to around 400ppm with ammonia at 7% of LHV ratio of ammonia. Then NO emission increases gradually to 600ppm with ammonia at 27% of LHV ratio of ammonia. NO emission has the peak around 60% of LHV ratio of ammonia. NO emission decreases below 500ppm at 100% of LHV ratio of ammonia. The gas turbine operation firing methane-ammonia with 31kW of power generation at 75,000rpm of rotating speed was also tried. NO emission increases rapidly to around 470ppm with ammonia at 7% of LHV ratio of ammonia. Then NO emission increases gradually to 600ppm with ammonia around 30% of LHV ratio of ammonia. NO emission has the peak at 65% of LHV ratio of ammonia. NO emission decreases below 500ppm at 100% of LHV ratio of ammonia. Since the ammonia flame in the prototype combustor seems to be inhomogeneous, ammonia combustion in the prototype combustor may have high NOx region and low NOx region. Therefore there is a possibility of low-NOx combustion. Flame observation was planned to know combustion state for improvement toward the low NOx combustor. Flame observation from the combustor exit was available by extending the combustor exit with the adaptor of the bent coaxial tubes and the quartz window. Swirling flames of ammonia, methane and methane-ammonia were observed near the center axis of the combustor. Flame observation at 39.1kW of power generation was succeeded. In the case of the flame observation, fuel consumption increased due to increase of the heat loss from the combustor. The emissions of NO and NH3 clearly depend on the combustion inlet temperature at 75,000rpm of rotating speed. The emissions of NO and NH3 in the case of the flame observation setting corresponds to the emission in the case of the normal setting at the condition that the power output is 11.2kW lower.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic modelling and efficiency analysis of a class of real indirectly fired gas turbine cycles

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Zheshu Ma ◽  
Zhenhuan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Forecast Performance ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Temperature Heat

Indirectly or externally-fired gas-turbines (IFGT or EFGT) are novel technology under development for small and medium scale combined power and heat supplies in combination with micro gas turbine technologies mainly for the utilization of the waste heat from the turbine in a recuperative process and the possibility of burning biomass or 'dirty' fuel by employing a high temperature heat exchanger to avoid the combustion gases passing through the turbine. In this paper, by assuming that all fluid friction losses in the compressor and turbine are quantified by a corresponding isentropic efficiency and all global irreversibilities in the high temperature heat exchanger are taken into account by an effective efficiency, a one dimensional model including power output and cycle efficiency formulation is derived for a class of real IFGT cycles. To illustrate and analyze the effect of operational parameters on IFGT efficiency, detailed numerical analysis and figures are produced. The results summarized by figures show that IFGT cycles are most efficient under low compression ratio ranges (3.0-6.0) and fit for low power output circumstances integrating with micro gas turbine technology. The model derived can be used to analyze and forecast performance of real IFGT configurations.

Study of an exhaust gas recirculation equipped micro gas turbine supplied with bio-fuels

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 162-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cristina Cameretti ◽  
Raffaele Tuccillo ◽  
Renzo Piazzesi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Recirculation

Performance Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Fueled With Avio-Kerosene

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giancarlo Chiatti ◽  
Ornella Chiavola
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Pressure Rise ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

A comparative series of experimental tests has been performed on a 4-stroke multi cylinder indirect injection diesel engine fueled with diesel oil, pure gas-turbine fuel and gas-turbine fuel with additives. The engine has been equipped aimed at monitoring both the overall performances and the variation with time of the pressure in the pre-combustion chamber. Some key parameters have been investigated at different engine speeds and loads (ignition delay, pressure rise in the pre-combustion chamber, power output, specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature) and discussed results are presented.

scholarly journals Theoretical Analysis on the Micro Gas Turbine Integrated Solar Farm for Power Output Stabilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 04012
Author(s):  
Firdaus Basrawi ◽  
A.I.M. Al-Anati ◽  
Thamir K. Ibrahim ◽  
Mohd Hazwan Yusof ◽  
A.A. Razak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Output Stabilization ◽  
Partial Load ◽  
Grid Operation ◽  
Constant Power Output

Solar farm could not penetrate grid at substantial amount because it could disturb the grid operation due to its fluctuation output. This, the objective of this study is to theoretically analyze the power output stabilization of a solar farm by integration of Micro Gas Turbine (MGT). A 1MW scale of solar farm was first designed according to IEC 60364-5-52:2003, MS281837 and AMBO Chart method. Then, designed solar farm and MGT were modelled and simulated Simulink. In this study, both system need to stabilize power output at 800 kW throughout the year. It was found that it is possible to balance the power output of the solar farm to have constant power output throughout the year at 800 kW. However, all MGTs frequently operated at partial load that decreased their efficiency. Thus, it is possible to solve the solar farm problem with the technique, but further investigation the environmental and economic impact in comparison with a conventional power generation and a solar farm only is needed.

Feasibility Study on Dehydrogenation of LOHC Using Excess Exhaust Heat From a Hydrogen Fueled Micro Gas Turbine

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balbina Hampel ◽  
Stefan Bauer ◽  
Norbert Heublein ◽  
Christoph Hirsch ◽  
Thomas Sattelmayer
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Excess Energy ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Exhaust Heat

In recent years, renewable energy technologies have received increasing attention. However, the constant availability of renewable energies is not predictable, so that technologies for excess energy storage become increasingly important. One possibility for the technical implementation of such a storage technology is to bind hydrogen, produced using this excess energy, to liquid organic compounds, so-called Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC), where hydrogen is bound to a H2-lean LOHC molecule in an exothermal hydrogenation reaction. The dehydrogenation process releases the stored hydrogen in an endothermal reaction. This technology offers advantages such as storage and transport safety, along with the high energy density. LOHC systems can assist in the realization of future distributed energy supply networks, as well. Micro gas turbines (MGT) play an important role in distributed energy supply, so that the coupling of a hydrogen fueled MGT with a reactor for the dehydrogenation process is a desirable achievement. In such a combined system, the excess exhaust enthalpy can be used to maintain the endothermal dehydrogenation reaction without affecting the overall efficiency of the gas turbine. This paper investigates the feasibility of a direct coupling between a hydrogen fueled recuperated micro gas turbine and the dehydrogenation process using the excess exhaust heat. For this purpose, a numerical simulation based on energy balances and thermodynamic equilibrium is implemented to model the process. Primary criteria for the evaluation of the process feasibility are the MGTs exhaust gas temperature, the exhaust gas mass flow rate, and the LOHC mass flow rate through the dehydrogenation unit. These three parameters specify the mass flow rate of LOHC, which can be dehydrogenated and thus, the mass flow rate of released hydrogen. Using the implemented numerical model, the suitability of two different LOHCs, N-Ethylcarbazole and an industrial heat transfer oil is investigated at two different pressure levels with respect to thermodynamic feasibility and process efficiency. The results show that the usable excess enthalpy in the exhaust gas of the investigated Turbec T100 MGT is sufficient to release enough hydrogen for re-use as fuel in the micro turbine process for three of the four investigated cases.

scholarly journals Stabilizing solar farm power output by micro gas turbine integration: Emission performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 863 ◽  
pp. 012045
Author(s):  
A Al-Anati ◽  
M F Basrawi ◽  
M H Yusof ◽  
T K Ibrahim ◽  
A A Razak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Emission Performance ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine

The α-Prototype of an Ultra-Micro-Gas Turbine at the University of Roma 1: Final Assembly and Tests

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Capata ◽  
Enrico Sciubba
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Portable Power ◽  
Final Assembly ◽  
Operational Tests ◽  
Electrical Generator ◽  
The University

The paper describes the realization of the α-prototype of a portable power device consisting of an electrical generator with a power output of about 300 W driven by a small gas turbine set. The device is so small that it can be properly defined an ultra micro device, capable of supplying electric power in stand alone conditions and for prolonged periods of time (up to 24 hours continuously). In practice the device can be used as a convenient substitute (or replacement) for all current battery storage systems and is significantly smaller, lighter and most likely more reliable than the few existing internal combustion engines of comparable power output. The particular nomenclature is UMGTG-UDR1 (Ultra-Micro Gas Turbine Generator). The final configuration of the prototype (for which a patent is pending) is described in the paper as well, together with some of the results of the final operational tests.

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