Assessment of Current Capabilities and Near-Term Availability of Hydrogen-Fired Gas Turbines Considering a Low-Carbon Future

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Emerson ◽  
David Wu ◽  
Tim Lieuwen ◽  
Scott Sheppard ◽  
David Noble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Major Power ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Industry Investment

Abstract A confluence of technology development, policy support, and industry investment trends are accelerating the pace of Hydrogen (H2) technology demonstrations, increasing the likelihood of power sector impacts. In preparation for a large-scale power sector shift toward decarbonization for a low-carbon future, several major power equipment manufacturers are developing gas turbines that can operate on a high H2-volume fuel. Many have H2 capable systems now that range from 5 to 100% H2. Units with 100% H2 capabilities are either using a diffusion burner or some version of a wet low emissions (WLE) burner. Most dry low emission/dry low NOx (DLE/DLN) technologies are currently limited to ∼60% H2 or less. Therefore, research is currently underway to develop low NOx gas turbine combustion systems with improved Hydrogen capability. This paper provides an overview of the technical challenges of Hydrogen combustion and the probable technologies with which the manufacturers will respond.

Assessment of Current Capabilities and Near-Term Availability of Hydrogen-Fired Gas Turbines Considering a Low-Carbon Future

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Noble ◽  
David Wu ◽  
Benjamin Emerson ◽  
Scott Sheppard ◽  
Tim Lieuwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Policy ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Major Power ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Industry Investment

Abstract A confluence of technology development, policy support, and industry investment trends are accelerating the pace of Hydrogen (H2) technology demonstrations, increasing the likelihood of power sector impacts. In preparation for a largescale power sector shift toward decarbonization for a low-carbon future, several major power equipment manufacturers are developing gas turbines that can operate on a high H2-volume fuel. Many have H2 capable systems now that range from 5 to 100% H2. Units with 100% H2 capabilities are either using a diffusion burner or some version of a wet low emissions (WLE) burner. Most dry low emission/dry low NOx (DLE/DLN) technologies are currently limited to ~60% H2 or less. Therefore, research is currently underway to develop low NOx gas turbine combustion systems with improved Hydrogen capability. This paper provides an overview of the technical challenges of Hydrogen combustion and the probable technologies with which the manufacturers will respond.

Assessment of Current Capabilities and Near-Term Availability of Hydrogen-Fired Gas Turbines Considering a Low-Carbon Future

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Noble ◽  
David Wu ◽  
Benjamin Emerson ◽  
Scott Sheppard ◽  
Tim Lieuwen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Near Term

Industrial AFB-Fired Gas Turbine Systems With Topping Combustors

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Marksberry ◽  
B. C. Lindahl
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Industrial Plant ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Anthracite Culm ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Plant Process

An Atmospheric Fluidized Bed (AFB) combustor providing thermal input to gas turbines is a promising near-term means of decreasing national premium fuel consumption, in an AFB many solid fuels, including marginal fuels such as anthracite culm, bituminous gob, high sulfur coals, lignite, and petroleum coke, can be used effectively providing both very low emission levels and acceptable return-on-investment. This paper discusses the state of AFB/gas turbine cogeneration technology with reference to typical industrial plant applications. Design considerations and design limits for both the AFB heat exchangers and the topping combustor are discussed and compared. An example based on plant process data and commercially available components is also presented. Both the heat exchangers and the combustors are viewed with reference to state-of-the-art technology.

scholarly journals A Novel Development Scheme of Mobility as a Service: Can It Provide a Sustainable Environment for China?

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4233
Author(s):  
Zipeng Zhang ◽  
Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Data Resource ◽  
Development Path ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Operation Conditions

Mobility as a service (MaaS), a new concept of transportation, is regarded as an effective solution to prevalent urban traffic problems because of its sustainable development properties such as sharing, integration, humanism and low-carbon. However, progress from pilots to large-scale implementation has hitherto been slow especially in China. In this paper, we propose a new alliance-based framework of development scenarios for the Chinese MaaS system. At the same time, by distinguishing the experience and lessons between the UbiGo project in Sweden and Whim project in Finland, we summarize that the key to the success of prior pilot projects is the cooperation of industry alliance, government policy support, and data sharing mechanism. Moreover, this paper also proposes some MaaS solutions for the obstacles of alliance-based cooperation, data resource sharing, business model selection, operation conditions, development path, policy support and other aspects in China.

scholarly journals A 9.25 MW Industrial Gas Turbine With Extreme Low Dry NOx and CO Emissions

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kurt J. Bauermeister ◽  
Bernhard Schetter ◽  
Klaus D. Mohr
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Low Nox Combustion ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine

In cooperation between Siemens and MAN GHH an industrial gas turbine with an ISO rating of 9.2 5 MW was equipped with a dry low NOx combustion system. Using the hybrid burners of Siemens gas turbines, a new combustion chamber was developed for the gas turbine THM 1304 of MAN GHH. This gas turbine has two V-like arranged combustion chambers, which allow a redesign of the combustion chamber, without changing the remaining parts of the gas turbine and its casing. So it is possible as well, to fit present machines with new combustion chambers. The combustion chambers contain flame tubes of Siemens technology with ceramic tiles and the well proved hybrid burners. After calculation and design the air flow was examined in an isothermal flow model. Finally two prototypes of the combustion chamber mounted on a THM 1304 gas turbine were tested at the MAN GHH gas turbine test bed. Success came very quickly and the test runs are finished now. So for the first time the transfer of the well-known low emission values of the Siemens large scale gas turbines succeeded to an industrial gas turbine of the 10 MW class.

scholarly journals NER300: Success or Failure of Public Support for Low-emission Technologies?

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-196
Author(s):  
Grażyna Borys ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Death Valley ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Low Emission

The Paris Agreement of December 2015 set a very ambitious target for the global reduction of greenhouse gases. Its implementation means the need to transform the global economy, including the European one, towards the economy characterised by the neutral level of these gases emission. Such transformation will not be possible without the dynamic development of breakthrough technological innovations on a large scale, which requires significant financial support from the public sector. This support should be primarily focused on the demonstration phase of the innovation process, which frequently turns into the so-called technological death valley. Demonstration projects are not commercial products as yet, they are characterized by untested technical reliability and the risk of no demand for products manufactured using new technologies. Therefore, private investors are not entirely willing to invest in them. In 2009 the European Union, in order to avoid the death valley, launched, through the promising innovative low-emission technologies, the NER300 programme – one of the world’s largest programmes supporting the supply of low-carbon commercial technologies, as one of the components of the Emissions Trading System – ETS. This programme is the subject of the presented article. Its purpose is to provide answers to three basic questions: 1) did the programme end with a success or a failure?; 2) what external and internal reasons determined the results of the programme?; 3) should the programme become a systemic element of the EU ETS? The article presents the results of NER300 and their interpretation in the context of the programme’s objectives. The research covering the reasons which determined the results of the programme used the existing subject literature on the NER300 programme and the special report issued by the European Court of Auditors presenting these results as well as the selected European Union documents and normative acts.

scholarly journals Mid-century emission pathways in Japan associated with the global 2 °C goal: national and global models’ assessments based on carbon budgets

2019 ◽  
Vol 162 (4) ◽  
pp. 1913-1927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Oshiro ◽  
Keii Gi ◽  
Shinichiro Fujimori ◽  
Heleen L. van Soest ◽  
Christoph Bertram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Budgets ◽  
Global Models ◽  
Near Term ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

Abstract This study assesses Japan’s mid-century low-emission pathways using both national and global integrated assessment models in the common mitigation scenario framework, based on the carbon budgets corresponding to the global 2 °C goal. We examine high and low budgets, equal to global cumulative 1600 and 1000 Gt-CO2 (2011–2100) for global models, and 36 and 31 Gt-CO2 (2011–2050) in Japan for national models, based on the cost-effectiveness allocation performed by the global models. The impacts of near-term policy assumption, including the implementation and enhancement of the 2030 target of the nationally determined contribution (NDC), are also considered. Our estimates show that the low budget scenarios require a 75% reduction of CO2 emissions by 2050 below the 2010 level, which is nearly the same as Japan’s governmental 2050 goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 80%. With regard to near-term actions, Japan’s 2030 target included in the NDC is on track to meet the high budget scenario, whereas it is falling short for the low budget scenario, which would require emission reductions immediately after 2020. Whereas models differ in the type of energy source on which they foresee Japan basing its decarbonization process (e.g., nuclear- or variable renewable energy-dependent), the large-scale deployment of low-carbon energy (nuclear, renewable, and carbon capture and storage) is shared across most models in both the high and low budget scenarios. By 2050, low-carbon energy represents 44–54% of primary energy and 86–97% of electricity supply in the high and low budget scenarios, respectively.

Some applications of electron beam microanalysis techniques in VLSI process evaluation

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
Simon Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Analysis Of Failures ◽  
Characterization Of Materials ◽  
Circuits Vlsi

Trends in the technology development of very large scale integrated circuits (VLSI) have been in the direction of higher density of components with smaller dimensions. The scaling down of device dimensions has been not only laterally but also in depth. Such efforts in miniaturization bring with them new developments in materials and processing. Successful implementation of these efforts is, to a large extent, dependent on the proper understanding of the material properties, process technologies and reliability issues, through adequate analytical studies. The analytical instrumentation technology has, fortunately, kept pace with the basic requirements of devices with lateral dimensions in the micron/ submicron range and depths of the order of nonometers. Often, newer analytical techniques have emerged or the more conventional techniques have been adapted to meet the more stringent requirements. As such, a variety of analytical techniques are available today to aid an analyst in the efforts of VLSI process evaluation. Generally such analytical efforts are divided into the characterization of materials, evaluation of processing steps and the analysis of failures.

Innovation in Energy Law and Technology

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Law And Technology ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Consumer Access ◽  
Legal Innovation ◽  
Energy Law

Technological and legal innovation have been central to energy development for centuries. Today’s era of accelerating change is transforming energy law. Disruption and change to established energy sources, supply, distribution, and energy consumer access is driven by legal innovations that, in turn, prompt or respond to technology. Interaction between legal and technological innovation is advancing the growing global effort to transition from high-carbon energy to low-energy or no-carbon energy—evidenced by the 2015 Paris Agreement on climate change and the growing market demand for carbon-free electricity. This global transition to low-emission energy sources allows nations to take advantage of emerging economic opportunities and facilitates new forms of energy technology development, energy distribution, and governance. But progress is uneven and concerns such as energy security are initiating technological innovation in many existing energy technologies. These authors from twenty-one nations examine relevant developments in global energy law triggered by these innovations.

scholarly journals Energy-Related Behaviour of Consumers from the Silesia Province (Poland)—Towards a Low-Carbon Economy

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2218
Author(s):  
Sylwia Słupik ◽  
Joanna Kos-Łabędowicz ◽  
Joanna Trzęsiok
Keyword(s):  
Classification Model ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Energy Behaviour ◽  
Carbon Economy

The issue of energy behaviour among Polish consumers, and especially the motives and attitudes they manifest, is relatively under-researched. This article attempts to identify individual attitudes and beliefs of energy consumers using the example of the residents of the province of Silesia (Poland). The authors conducted the expert segmentation of respondents in terms of their motivation for saving energy, based on the results of their proprietary survey. The second stage of the study involved using a classification model that allowed for the characterisation of the obtained groups. Psychological and financial factors were of greatest significance, which is confirmed by the results of other studies. Nonetheless, the obtained results explicitly indicate the specificity of the region, which requires transformation towards a low-emission economy. Despite the initial stage of changes both in the awareness of the consumers and the public interventions of the authorities, it should be emphasized that a majority of the respondents—at least to a basic extent—declared taking energy-saving measures. Financial motives are predominant among the respondents, although pro-environmental motives can also be noticed, which might translate into increased involvement and concern for the environment and climate.

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