Transient Response Characteristics of a Surface Junction Probe

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Kumar Rout ◽  
Niranjan Sahoo ◽  
Pankaj Kalita ◽  
Vinayak Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Transient Response ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Surface Heat Flux ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Temperature History ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Response Characteristics

Abstract The present work highlights the transient response phenomena captured by a coaxial surface junction thermocouple (CSJT) and subsequent use of the thermal probe for prediction of surface heat flux. To accomplish the objective, an E-type CSJT has been fabricated in-house in a laboratory scale from its thermo-elements with constantan (0.91mm diameter and 15mm length) serving as the inner element and chromel as outer element (3.25mm diameter and 10mm length). Both the thermo-elements are clubbed together coaxially which are separated by a thin layer of insulation in between them along the length. The junction between the thermo-elements is created at the surface through abrasion technique which forms a firm contact through formation of cold weld. The junction feature is then examined through a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The sensitivity of the probe is found experimentally to be 59 μV/°C. The transient response characteristics are observed through water plunging and water droplet tests at 55°C for 20ms and 2s time scale. The voltage time data is recorded and with the help of sensitivity value, the temperature history is calculated. The temperature histories from plunging and droplet experiments are used for calculation of heat flux by analytically modeling the sensor as semi-infinite substrate and assuming heat conduction through it is one dimensional. The heat flux is also calculated from the same temperature history by using numerical analysis and compared with the previous one. The measured data provides substantial evidence for usage of these CSJT probes in transient temperature and surface heat flux recoveries within experimental time scale up to 2s with reasonable accuracy.

Heat Transfer During Liquid Contact on Superheated Surfaces

1995 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 693-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Chen ◽  
K. K. Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Surface Heat Flux ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Wall Superheat ◽  
Hot Surface ◽  
Better Than

Several boiling regimes are characterized by intermittent contacts of vapor and liquid at the superheated wall surface. A microthermocouple probe was developed capable of detecting transient surface temperatures with a response time better than 1 ms. The transient temperature data were utilized to determine the time-varying heat flux under liquid contacts. The instantaneous surface heat flux was found to vary by orders of magnitude during the milliseconds of liquid residence at the hot surface. The average heat flux during liquid contact was found to range from 105 to 107 W/m2 for water at atmospheric pressure, as wall superheat was varied from 50 to 450°C.

Comparative Performance of K, E, and J-Type Fast Response Coaxial Probes for Short-Period Transient Measurements

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Kumar Manjhi ◽  
Rakesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Surface Heat Flux ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Thermal Coefficient ◽  
Thermal Product ◽  
Short Period

Abstract In many engineering applications, the heating condition changes in a millisecond or less, thus to study such conditions, the coaxial thermocouples (CTs) are used because they have fast responding capability. The present study reveals the construction of K, E, and J-type of coaxial thermocouples and comparative investigation of performance parameters such as determination of thermal coefficient resistance, sensitivity, thermal product (TP), transient temperatures, surface heat flux, response time, and the comparative analysis are performed. These coaxial thermocouples are exposed to four different step heat loads (5 kW/m2, 25 kW/m2, 50 kW/m2, and 70 kW/m2) supplied by a continuous-wave type laser source. Subsequently, the transient temperature histories have been captured for 1.5 s, as well as the thermal product and the surface heat flux are assessed through one-dimensional heat conduction modeling for a semi-infinite body. For the known wattage input heat load, the finite element and analytical study have been done to compare the experimental outcomes. The experimental results have reasonable accuracy with the numerical and analytical results. The average error calculated for transient temperatures and evaluated heat flux are ±0.25% and ±2.5%, and the response times of these coaxial thermocouples are calculated as 40 µs, 36 µs, and 46 µs for K, E, and J-type, respectively, which shows the measuring capability of these CTs for short-duration measurements.

Analysis of significant measures for thermal conductivity

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Yuri P. Zarichnyak ◽  
Vyacheslav P. Khodunkov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Surface Heat Flux ◽  
Heat Flux Density ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
New Class ◽  
Achievable Accuracy

The analysis of a new class of measuring instrument for heat quantities based on the use of multi-valued measures of heat conductivity of solids. For example, measuring thermal conductivity of solids shown the fallacy of the proposed approach and the illegality of the use of the principle of ambiguity to intensive thermal quantities. As a proof of the error of the approach, the relations for the thermal conductivities of the component elements of a heat pump that implements a multi-valued measure of thermal conductivity are given, and the limiting cases are considered. In two ways, it is established that the thermal conductivity of the specified measure does not depend on the value of the supplied heat flow. It is shown that the declared accuracy of the thermal conductivity measurement method does not correspond to the actual achievable accuracy values and the standard for the unit of surface heat flux density GET 172-2016. The estimation of the currently achievable accuracy of measuring the thermal conductivity of solids is given. The directions of further research and possible solutions to the problem are given.

Heat Transfer Characteristics of Downward Facing Hot Horizontal Surfaces Using Mist Jet Impingement

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Parantak Sharma ◽  
Avadhesh Kumar Sharma ◽  
Mayank Modak ◽  
Vishal Nirgude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Surface Heat Flux ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Jet Impingement ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Transfer Characteristics ◽  
Impingement Cooling ◽  
Transfer Characteristics

Impinging jet cooling technique has been widely used extensively in various industrial processes, namely, cooling and drying of films and papers, processing of metals and glasses, cooling of gas turbine blades and most recently cooling of various components of electronic devices. Due to high heat removal rate the jet impingement cooling of the hot surfaces is being used in nuclear industries. During the loss of coolant accidents (LOCA) in nuclear power plant, an emergency core cooling system (ECCS) cool the cluster of clad tubes using consisting of fuel rods. Controlled cooling, as an important procedure of thermal-mechanical control processing technology, is helpful to improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of steel. In industries for heat transfer efficiency and homogeneous cooling performance which usually requires a jet impingement with improved heat transfer capacity and controllability. It provides better cooling in comparison to air. Rapid quenching by water jet, sometimes, may lead to formation of cracks and poor ductility to the quenched surface. Spray and mist jet impingement offers an alternative method to uncontrolled rapid cooling, particularly in steel and electronics industries. Mist jet impingement cooling of downward facing hot surface has not been extensively studied in the literature. The present experimental study analyzes the heat transfer characteristics a 0.15mm thick hot horizontal stainless steel (SS-304) foil using Internal mixing full cone (spray angle 20 deg) mist nozzle from the bottom side. Experiments have been performed for the varied range of water pressure (0.7–4.0 bar) and air pressure (0.4–5.8 bar). The effect of water and air inlet pressures, on the surface heat flux has been examined in this study. The maximum surface heat flux is achieved at stagnation point and is not affected by the change in nozzle to plate distance, Air and Water flow rates.

scholarly journals Nanofluid Flow on a Shrinking Cylinder with Al2O3 Nanoparticles

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (14) ◽  
pp. 1612
Author(s):  
Iskandar Waini ◽  
Anuar Ishak ◽  
Ioan Pop
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Flux ◽  
Friction Factor ◽  
Surface Heat Flux ◽  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanofluid Flow ◽  
Curvature Parameter ◽  
Over Time

This study investigates the nanofluid flow towards a shrinking cylinder consisting of Al2O3 nanoparticles. Here, the flow is subjected to prescribed surface heat flux. The similarity variables are employed to gain the similarity equations. These equations are solved via the bvp4c solver. From the findings, a unique solution is found for the shrinking strength λ≥−1. Meanwhile, the dual solutions are observed when λc<λ<−1. Furthermore, the friction factor Rex1/2Cf and the heat transfer rate Rex−1/2Nux increase with the rise of Al2O3 nanoparticles φ and the curvature parameter γ. Quantitatively, the rates of heat transfer Rex−1/2Nux increase up to 3.87% when φ increases from 0 to 0.04, and 6.69% when γ increases from 0.05 to 0.2. Besides, the profiles of the temperature θ(η) and the velocity f’(η) on the first solution incline for larger γ, but their second solutions decline. Moreover, it is noticed that the streamlines are separated into two regions. Finally, it is found that the first solution is stable over time.

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