Tribological Performances and Mechanism of Bismuth Dialkyl-Dithiocarbamate Additive

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Yan Luo ◽  
Jian-Qian Hu ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Yun-Yun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Organic Metal ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bismuth Compounds ◽  
Protective Films ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Metal Additives ◽  
Analytical Tools

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the tribological performance of bismuth diamyl-dithiocarbamate in mineral oil, and compared with same types of metal additives. The results show that it exhibits better load-carrying capacities than said organic metal additives. The surface analytical tools such as X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the topography, the compositions contents and the depth profile of some typical elements on the rubbing surface of worn scar. Smooth topography of worn scar further confirms that the additive showed good antiwear capacities, the results of XPS indicated that tribochemical mixed protective films consists of bismuth compounds, sulfides, sulphates and metal oxides, which contribute to improve the tribological properties of lubricants. Particularly, a larger number of bismuth containing compounds play an important role in improving extreme pressure properties of oils.

Study on Tribological Properties of Organic Bismuth Compounds as Lubricationg Additive

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 1632-1635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Qiang Hu ◽  
Jiang Zhu ◽  
Ke Yi Gao ◽  
Yi Wei Fei
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Organic Metal ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bismuth Compounds ◽  
Protective Films ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Antiwear Properties ◽  
Metal Additives ◽  
Analytical Tools

A bismuth diamyl-dithiocarbamate additive was synthesized. A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the tribological performance of the additive in mineral oil, and compared with same types of metal additives. The results show that it exhibits better load-carrying capacities than said organic metal additives. The surface analytical tools such as X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the topography, the compositions contents and the depth profile of some typical elements on the rubbing surface of worn scar. Smooth topography of worn scar further confirms that the additive showed good antiwear capacities, the results of X-ray photoelectron spectrometer and X-Ray Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy analyses indicated that tribochemical mixed protective films consists of bismuth compounds, sulfides, sulphates were formed on the rubbing surface, which contribute to improve the tribological properties of lubricants. Particularly, a large amounts of bismuth atoms play an important role in improving antiwear properties of oils.

EXTREME PRESSURE SYNERGISTIC MECHANISM OF BISMUTH NAPHTHENATE AND SULFURIZED ISOBUTENE ADDITIVES

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (05) ◽  
pp. 1750071
Author(s):  
XIN XU ◽  
JIANQIANG HU ◽  
SHIZHAO YANG ◽  
FENG XIE ◽  
LI GUO
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bismuth Oxides ◽  
Protective Films ◽  
Antiwear Properties ◽  
Synergistic Mechanism ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Scanning Electron

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the tribological performances of bismuth naphthenate (BiNap), sulfurized isobutene (VSB), and their combinations. The results show that the antiwear properties of BiNap and VSB are not very visible, but they possess good extreme pressure (EP) properties, particularly sulfur containing bismuth additives. Synergistic EP properties of BiNap with various sulfur-containing additives were investigated. The results indicate that BiNap exhibits good EP synergism with sulfur-containing additives. The surface analytical tools, such as X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS) scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), were used to investigate the topography, composition contents, and depth profile of some typical elements on the rubbing surface. Smooth topography of wear scar further confirms that the additive showed good EP capacities, and XPS and EDX analyzes indicate that tribochemical mixed protective films composed of bismuth, bismuth oxides, sulfides, and sulfates are formed on the rubbing surface, which improves the tribological properties of lubricants. In particular, a large number of bismuth atoms and bismuth sulfides play an important role in improving the EP properties of oils.

scholarly journals The Synergistic Antiwear Performances of Organic Titanium Compounds Containing Sulfur with Borate Ester Additive

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Xu ◽  
Jian-Qiang Hu ◽  
Feng Xie ◽  
Li Guo ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effective Interaction ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Borate Ester ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Antiwear Properties ◽  
Chemical States ◽  
Titanium Compounds ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Mineral Base

Two oil-soluble organic titanium compounds (OTCs) such as titanium dialkyldithiocarbamate (TiDDC) and sulfurized titanate (TiS) were synthesized and identified by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The antiwear and extreme pressure properties of TiDDC or TiS with borate ester containing nitrogen (BNO) additive in mineral base oils were evaluated by four ball tester. The results show that TiDDC and TiS not only possess good antiwear and load-carrying properties, respectively, but also exhibit good antiwear synergism with BNO additive without impairing extreme pressure performances. Moreover, the synergistic antiwear properties of the said additives are improved significantly under the optimum additives ratios. The topography of wear scar and the composition and chemical states of typical elements on the rubbing surfaces were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS). The proposed synergistic antiwear mechanism involves an effective interaction between TiDDC or TiS and BNO additive, respectively.

Study on Tribological Properties of Cadmium Dialkyl-Dithiophosphyl-ldithiophosphate Additive

Tribology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianqiang Hu ◽  
Zhanhe Du ◽  
Junbing Yao
Keyword(s):  
Depth Profile ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Auger Electron ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Electron Spectrometer ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Antiwear Properties ◽  
Analytical Tools

An cadmium dialkyl-dithiophosphyl-dithiophosphate additive was synthesized. A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the tribological performance of the additive in mineral base oil under different loads, compared with commercial additives. The results show that it exhibits excellent antiwear and load-carrying capacities and better than these additives. The surface analytical tools such as Auger Electron Spectrometer (AES), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to investigate the topography, the contents and the depth profile of some typical elements on the rubbing surface of worn scar. Smooth and light topography of worn scar further confirms that the additive showed good antiwear capacities, the results of Auger electron spectrometer and energy dispersive X-ray analysis indicate that tribochemically protective films consists of cadmium compouds, sulfides, sulphates and phosphates were formed on the rubbing surface, which contribute to improving the tribological properties of lubricants. Particularly, the results from depth profile indicate that a large amounts of cadmium are rich in outer layer of surface, which play an important role in improving antiwear properties of oils. Finally, the antiwear mechanism of the additive were proposed.

Antiwear and extreme pressure performance of castor oil with nano-additives

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (9) ◽  
pp. 1055-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Nayan Gupta ◽  
AP Harsha
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Suspension Stability ◽  
Additive Concentration ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Nano Additives ◽  
Analytical Tools

The aim of the present study is to examine the antiwear, antifriction, and extreme pressure performance of castor oil with nano-additives by using a four-ball tester. CeO2 (≈90 nm) and polytetrafluroethylene (≈150 nm) nanoparticles were used as an additive in castor oil with four different concentrations in the range of 0.1–1.0% w/v. The suspension stability of the nanoparticles was improved by using sodium dodecyl sulfate as a dispersant. Different analytical tools were used to characterize the nanoparticles parameter (i.e. shape and size) as well as the worn surfaces. The additive concentration was optimized on the basis of tribological performance. The test results of antiwear and extreme pressure property have been reported on the basis of wear scar diameter and weld load, respectively. For the antiwear test, it was observed that the maximum reduction in the wear scar diameter was 37.4 and 35.3% at an optimum concentration of CeO2 and polytetrafluroethylene additive, respectively. Also, antifriction and load carrying properties of castor oil were significantly improved with the addition of nanoparticles as an additive in a small amount. The mechanism for such improvement in the tribological behavior has also been discussed.

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PALM KERNEL OIL-COPPER OXIDE NANOLUBRICANT

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (7-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Afifah, A. N. ◽  
Syahrullail, S. ◽  
Amirrul Amin M. ◽  
Faizal, H. M.
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Palm Kernel Oil ◽  
Kernel Oil ◽  
Load Carrying

Since the last decade, vegetable oil has received tremendous attention as an alternative lubricant because of worsening state of environmental health and finite resources of mineral oil. However, the use of vegetable oil is restricted due to the poor low temperature fluidity and thermal-oxidative stability. These drawbacks can be enhanced by adding additive into the solution of vegetable oil. Thus, objective of this research is to investigate the influence of adding nanoparticle additive on tribological performance of palm kernel oil. The type of nanoparticle used throughout this study is copper oxide, which serves as anti-wear additive. Palm kernel oil (PKO), palm kernel oil-copper oxide nanoparticle (PKO-CuO), mineral oil (SAE-40), synthetic oil (SAE15W-50) are used as lubricant. Tribological properties if the used lubricants are evaluated using fourball tribotester under standard load and extreme pressure tests. Experimental results showed that the presence of nanoparticles in natural palm kernel oil improved tribological performances of friction and wear. The friction coefficient and wear scar diameter are reduced by approximately 5.0% and 3.5% respectively. The highest enhancement in friction coefficient value of ~20% was obtained under extreme pressure condition. Addition of nanoparticle also is found to improve load carrying capacity of PKO by 15%. 

Synthesis, Characterization, and Tribological Studies of Calcium–Copper–Titanate Nanoparticles as a Biolubricant Additive

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeev Nayan Gupta ◽  
A. P. Harsha
Keyword(s):  
Castor Oil ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Optimum Concentration ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate ◽  
Tribological Test ◽  
Calcium Copper Titanate ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Analytical Tools

In the present study, tribological properties of castor oil have been investigated with and/or without use of additives by using four-ball tester. In the base castor oil, calcium–copper–titanate nanoparticles (CCTO) and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) were added in different concentrations (i.e., 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 w/v%) to study their individual effect on tribological performance. Tribological test results have shown that there is an improvement in the antiwear, extreme-pressure (EP) properties at 0.25 and 1.0 w/v% for both the additives, respectively. However, in the coefficient of friction (COF) test (incipient seizure load), an optimum concentration of 0.5 w/v% was observed for ZDDP additive, whereas CCTO nanoparticles have shown similar level of performance at all concentrations. The worn-out surfaces were analyzed by using different analytical tools.

scholarly journals Tribological Performance and Lubrication Mechanism of Alkylimidazolium Dialkyl Phosphates Ionic Liquids as Lubricants for Si3N4-Ti3SiC2Contacts

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-zhong Wang ◽  
Dan Qiao ◽  
Song-wei Zhang ◽  
Da-peng Feng ◽  
Jin-jun Lu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Lubrication Mechanism ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Protective Films ◽  
Load Carrying

The tribological performance of Si3N4-Ti3SiC2contacts lubricated by alkylimidazolium dialkyl phosphates ionic liquids (ILs) was investigated using an Optimol SRV-IV oscillating reciprocating friction and wear tester at room temperature (25°C) and 100°C. Glycerol and tributyl phosphate (TBP) were also selected as lubricants for Si3N4-Ti3SiC2contacts to study the tribological properties under the same experimental conditions for comparison. Results show that the alkylimidazolium dialkyl phosphates ILs were effective in reducing the friction and wear for Si3N4-Ti3SiC2contacts, and their performance is superior to that of glycerol and TBP. The SEM/EDS and XPS results reveal that the excellent tribological endurance of alkylimidazolium dialkyl phosphates ILs is mainly attributed to the high load-carrying capacity of the ILs and the formation of surface protective films consisting of TiO2, SiOx, titanium phosphate, amines, and nitrogen oxides by the tribochemical reactions.

Experimental study on the efficacy of MoS2 microfluids for improved tribological performance

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Gananath D Thakre ◽  
PK Arya ◽  
LNS Konathala ◽  
S Saran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Extreme Pressure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Molybdenum Disulphide ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lubrication Regimes ◽  
Lubrication Characteristics ◽  
Mineral Base

This paper reports the synthesis and tribo-performance investigation of microfluids developed using silane functionalized µ-molybdenum disulphide (µ-MoS2) particles for improved tribological performance. The functionalized µ-MoS2 particles were characterized by analytical techniques like Fourier-transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The µ-MoS2 particles were then blended with mineral base oil in varying concentrations. The lubrication characteristics in terms of anti-friction, anti-wear, and extreme pressure properties of the µ-MoS2 particle blended microfluids were evaluated under different lubrication regimes. The results showed an excellent improvement in anti-wear, anti-friction, and extreme pressure properties. The tribo-performance of the MoS2 microfluids strongly depends on the compatibility and concentration of particles with base oils. Functionalization of the µ-MoS2 particles by trichlorooctadecylsilane allows forming stable dispersion in base oil. The MoS2 microfluids can be used as lubricants in advance tribological applications.

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