A User’s Perspective: Packaging Achieves Test Affordability

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne P. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Stress Testing ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Separation Bubble ◽  
Hardware Cost ◽  
Good Data ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Sensor Performance ◽  
Mems Sensor ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Sensor performance and cost are typically the main features reviewed by potential users of MEMS sensor applications. However with more options becoming available, experienced users will begin to consider more than just performance and hardware cost and will seek packaging features which reduce the effort needed to set up, calibrate and successfully operate MEMS sensor systems. A reduction in the cost of effort needed to collect good data will impact test affordability. Data from MEMS shear stress testing on cylinder boundary layer and separation bubble features will be presented to show how packaging can affect both performance and affordability. Manufacturers should ask: What is remembered the most at the conclusion of a MEMS application, the cost of hardware or the cost of effort required to collect good data?

scholarly journals Impact of Die Attach Sample Preparation on Its Measured Mechanical Properties for MEMS Sensor Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Abel Misrak ◽  
Tushar Chauhan ◽  
Rabin Bhandari ◽  
A S M Raufur Chowdhury ◽  
Akshay Lakshminarayana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Material Characterization ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Sensor Performance ◽  
Mems Sensor ◽  
Die Attach

Abstract Computational modeling is often leveraged to design and optimize electronic packages for both performance and reliability purposes. One of the factors that affect the accuracy of computational models is the accuracy of the material properties. Microelectromechanical system sensors, in particular, are usually extremely sensitive to slightest material property changes in the package. Therefore, even small measurement variations in material characterization due to different sample preparation methods or different testing techniques can impact accuracy of computational models that are leveraged for designing or analyzing sensor performance. The challenge in material characterization is even greater for materials that require curing. Die attach polymers, for example, have strict curing profile requirements that are used during the manufacturing process. Such curing conditions are usually hard to duplicate in laboratories, and the samples used for material characterization may not necessarily be representative of the actual component in the final product. In this study, the effect of parameters such as temperature curing profile, application of pressure during curing, and sample preparation technique on temperature-dependent thermomechanical properties of two types of die attach elastomers is investigated. The mechanical properties, including the elastic modulus (E), coefficient of thermal expansion, and glass transition temperature of the die attach material, are measured using a suite of techniques such as dynamic mechanical analysis and thermomechanical analysis. The analysis is performed for a wide temperature range corresponding to typical sensor applications. It is shown that sample preparation and characterization techniques have a considerable impact on the measurements, which results in different MEMS sensor performance predictions through computational modeling.

Rapid Silicon-to-Steel Bonding via Inductive Heating

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Sosnowchik ◽  
Liwei Lin ◽  
Albert P. Pisano
Keyword(s):  
Bonding Temperature ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Bonding Process ◽  
Inductive Heating ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Mems Sensor ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Minimal Damage ◽  
Point Bend

In this work, we present a rapid, low temperature process for the bonding of silicon to steel through the use of inductive heating for MEMS sensor applications. The bonding process takes as short as three seconds with a maximum bonding temperature as low as 230°C at the steel surface. The bonding strength is strong, and causes minimal damage to steel. The process has also been shown to work using leaded and leadfree bonding solder with minimal surface preparation to the steel. Four characterization experiments – tensile and compressive 4-point bend, axial extension, and fatigue tests – have been performed to validate the bonding process and materials. As such, this work illustrates the promise of applying inductive heating for the rapid silicon bonding to steel components for MEMS sensing applications.

The Mitigation of the French Nuclear Option: New Industrial Realism and Technical Democracy

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominique Finon
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Electricity Markets ◽  
Social Preferences ◽  
Public Inquiry ◽  
The Future ◽  
Parliamentary Committee ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Phase Out

Nuclear phase-out policies and the European obligation to liberalise electricity markets could put the French nuclear option dramatically at risk by influencing social preferences or by constraining power producers' investment choices in the future. So far, the particular institutional set-up which has allowed the efficient build-up and operation of several series of standardised reactors preserves the stability of the main elements of the option. However, important adaptations to the evolving industrial and political environment occur and contribute to changing the option. Some institutional changes (such as local public inquiry, creation of a Parliamentary committee, independence of safety authorities) and divergence between industrial interests already allow debates on internal options such as reprocessing, type of waste management deposits, ordering of an advanced PWR. These changes improve the cost transparency, even if internalisation of nuclear externalities (cost of insurance, provisions for waste management) is still incomplete. However, when effective, this internalisation would not affect definitively the competitive position of the nuclear production because of the parallel internalisation of CO2 externalities from fossil fuel power generation in the official rationale. Consequently the real issue for the future of the nuclear option in France remains the preservation of social acceptability in the perception of nuclear risks.

Design for Variety: A Methodology for Understanding the Costs of Product Proliferation

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark V. Martin ◽  
Kosuke Ishii
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Profit Margins ◽  
Design For Variety ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Market Coverage ◽  
Product Proliferation ◽  
The Cost

Abstract This paper further develops the previously introduced concept of Design for Variety (DFV). Our study seeks a tool that enables product managers to estimate the cost of introducing variety into their product line. This will help them to maximize market coverage while maintaining required profit margins. Variety incurs many indirect costs that are not always well understood or are difficult to capture. These costs are often not considered by people making the decision about introducing variety. Our DFV model attempts to capture these indirect costs through the measurement of three indices: commonality, differentiation point, and set-up cost. These indices will allow the decision makers to estimate some of the generally unmeasurable costs of providing variety. We conclude this paper by discussing our validation plans for testing the model in industry.

Balqis restaurant: how to move on?

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Farzana Quoquab ◽  
Shazwani Binti Ahmad ◽  
Wan Nurul Syazwani Binti Wan Danial ◽  
Jihad Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Subject Area ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
To Come ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost

Subject area This case can be used in marketing management as well as consumer behaviour courses. Study level/applicability This case is suitable to use in advanced undergraduate levels, MBA and MSc in marketing courses that cover topics related to market segmentation and marketing mix strategies. Case overview This case highlights the dilemma of an entrepreneur and a manager of a restaurant who were to take a decision about the sustainability of their restaurant business. Balqis Restaurant was owned by Danny who was a retiree from Telekom Malaysia. He wanted to open a restaurant business after he came back from his long holiday trip. He conducted market research to find a suitable place to open his Arabic restaurant. He assigned Waleed Masood Abdullah as the manager of Balqis Restaurant. Finally, in June 2010, he opened his long awaited restaurant at Gombak, Kuala Lumpur. The restaurant was known as Qasar before the name was changed to Balqis in 2015 because of copyright issues related to Saba’ restaurant at Cyberjaya. The restaurant was well managed under Danny’s supervision for 4 years and successfully won customers’ hearts and loyalty before he decided to give full responsibility to Waleed in March 2014. Danny trusted Waleed because he taught and trained him. However, under Waleed’s management, Balqis started to lose its customers. Waleed also started to branch out the restaurant to different places in different states; one in Ipoh, and the other in Perak. He invested much money on renovation for all three branches, but one of the restaurants closed down in September 2014. This is because of the fact that they could no longer bear the cost of operations for the restaurant. However, he failed to learn from the mistake; they set up another restaurant, which was in Kuantan, in the same month. The sales were not that encouraging but it did show gradual improvement; yet, they once again sold it to another Arab businessman. Waleed realized his failure in managing the restaurant business in August 2015. He again opted to open another new branch which was questioned by Danny. He was in a rush to open it by the end of December 2015 to ensure that the additional profits from the current restaurants could cover the variables costs if the new restaurants were launched. Based on that, the owner had to make a decision about whether a new branch should be opened or whether they should just retain their restaurant in Gombak. Expected learning outcomes The learning objectives of using this case are as follows. 1. Knowledge enhancement: to help students in understanding the problems faced by a restaurant in expanding its market; to make students aware that a properly blended marketing mix is the key to business success and to broaden students’ views and understanding in targeting the proper market segment in formulating an effective marketing strategy. 2. Skills building: to be able to identify the best marketing strategic decisions to manage the restaurant business for its survival and to develop students’ ability to analyse the existing situation to come up with a viable and effective solution. 3. Attitudinal: to help the students to have intellectual openness in accepting different ways of finding solutions for a particular problem and to assist students in making the right move at the right time. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email [email protected] to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 8: Marketing.

Numerical Simulation of Compressive Residual Strength for Damaged Composite Laminates

2012 ◽  
Vol 525-526 ◽  
pp. 385-388
Author(s):  
Tian Jiao Qu ◽  
Xi Tao Zheng ◽  
Di Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Impact Test ◽  
Compressive Load ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Fiber Breakage ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Appearance Time ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Good Agreement

After the low-velocity impact test of composite laminates of T800/BA9916, CAI test and compression test of laminates with a hole have been carried out. Two types of models were set up by the finite element software ABAQUS respectively. The FEA results were good agreement with the testing results. The investigation of models with a hole indicates that the appearance time of ultimate compressive load is earlier than that of fiber breakage expanding to boundary. Moreover, the diameter and the depth of blind hole significantly influence the ultimate compressive load.

GAIN Premix Facility: An Innovative Approach for Improving Access to Quality Vitamin and Mineral Premix in Fortification Initiatives

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4_suppl3) ◽  
pp. S381-S389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Guinot ◽  
Vincent Jallier ◽  
Alessandro Blasi ◽  
Christophe Guyondet ◽  
Marc Van Ameringen
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Edible Oils ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Private Industry ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Adequate Quality ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Cost

Background Vitamin and mineral premix is one of the most significant recurring input costs for large-scale food fortification programs. A number of barriers exist to procuring adequate quality premix, including accessing suppliers, volatile prices for premix, lack of quality assurance and monitoring of delivered products, and lack of funds to purchase premix. Objective To develop and test a model to procure premix through a transparent and efficient process in which an adequate level of quality is guaranteed and a financial mechanism is in place to support countries or specific target groups when there are insufficient resources to cover the cost of premix. Methods Efforts focused on premixes used to fortify flour, such as wheat or maize (iron, zinc, B vitamins, and vitamin A), edible oils (vitamins A and D), and other food vehicles, such as fortified complementary foods, complementary food supplements, and condiments. A premix procurement model was set up with three distinct components: a certification process that establishes industry-wide standards and guidelines for premix, a procurement facility that makes premix more accessible to countries and private industry engaged in fortification, and a credit facility mechanism that helps projects finance premix purchases. Results After three years of operation, 15 premix suppliers and 29 micronutrient manufacturers have been certified, and more than US$23 million worth of premix that met quality standards has been supplied in 34 countries in Africa, Central and Southern Asia, and Eastern Europe, reaching an estimated 242 million consumers. Conclusions The Premix Facility demonstrated its effectiveness in ensuring access to high-quality premixes, therefore enabling the success of various fortification programs.

scholarly journals Development controller and feedback of Chiang Mai automated external defibrillation trainer and manikin for basic life support training

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
W Laosuksri ◽  
◽  
B Chenthanakij ◽  
K Sutham ◽  
W Rangsri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Life Support ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Chiang Mai ◽  
Automated External Defibrillation ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Depth Compression

Objectives Basic Life Support (BLS) should be taught to everyone; however, there is a lack of Automated External Defibrillation (AED) trainers in Thailand due to the cost of the imported equipment. An AED trainer, manikin, and manikin controller system was locally developed which can display training results to help reduce the cost. Methods This is a descriptive study of a locally developed controller and feedback system, the Chiang Mai AED trainer and manikin. The controller was examined by 5 BLS instructors using a 10-point scale questionnaire consisting of 3 questions to evaluate the efficacy of the device. Correlation among BLS instructors was also calculated. Results The controller and feedback system for the Chiang Mai AED trainer and manikin worked appropriately as intended. The instructor set up either a ‘shock advised’ or a ‘no shock advised’ scenario for 2 two-minute chest compressions. The AED trainer responded promptly when the electrode pads were attached to the manikin. The controller was also able to display compression depth, compression speed, chest recoils, rescue breaths, and time to first defibrillation. Evaluation of the controller using a 10-point scale resulted in a median of 27 (interquartile range 26-29) out of 30. Intraclass correlation was 0.97 (95% confidence interval 0.90-0.99, p < 0.001). Conclusions The controller for the Chiang Mai AED trainer and manikin is effective for use in BLS training. Chiang Mai Medical Journal 2021;60(1):87-98. doi 10.12982/CMUMEDJ.2021.08

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