Validation of a Noninvasive Thermal Perfusion System Using a Canine Medial Saphenous Fasciocutaneous Free Tissue Flap Model

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex V. Cardinali ◽  
Thomas E. Diller ◽  
Otto Lanz ◽  
Elaine P. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Perfusion System ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Experimental Control ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
Tissue Flap ◽  
Thermopile Sensor ◽  
Free Tissue Flap

This work describes steps in the ongoing development of a system to noninvasively estimate blood perfusion using thermal methods. A combination thermocouple/thermopile sensor is used to record heat flux and temperature measurements on the tissue of interest. The resulting data are compared to a biothermal computer model to determine blood perfusion. The system has been tested on a canine medial saphenous fasciocutaneous free tissue flap that allows experimental control of blood flow to the measurement site. These experiments show distinct correlation between blood flow and bioprobe output demonstrating the validity of the measurement method.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of Fibrotic Distal Ileum Stenosis after Ischemic Enteritis Using Transabdominal Ultrasonography

2021 ◽  
pp. 568-577
Author(s):  
Ryo Katsumata ◽  
Noriaki Manabe ◽  
Masaki Matsubara ◽  
Jun Nakamura ◽  
Kazuma Kawahito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Distal Ileum ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Current Case ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Transabdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Stenotic Lesion ◽  
Ischemic Enteritis

Ischemic enteritis (IE) is a rare disorder which is caused by inadequate blood flow to small intestine. The diagnostic procedure of this disease has not sufficiently established because of its rarity. Here, we report a case of IE in a hemodialysis-dependent 70-year-old man and summarize the diagnostic options for IE. The patient was admitted to our hospital because of acute abdominal distention and vomiting. He presented with mild tenderness in the lower abdomen and slightly elevated C-reactive protein level as revealed by blood tests. Radiographic imaging showed small bowel obstruction due to a stricture in the distal ileum. Contrast-enhanced abdominal ultrasonography revealed a 7-cm stenotic site with increased intestinal wall thickening, which preserved mucosal blood perfusion. Elastography revealed a highly elastic alteration of the stenotic lesion, indicating benign fibrotic changes resulting from chronic insufficient blood flow. Based on a clinical diagnosis of IE with fibrous stenosis, a partial ileostomy was performed. After surgical treatment, oral intake was initiated without recurrence of intestinal obstruction. Pathological findings revealed deep ulceration with inflammatory cell infiltration at the stenotic site. Occlusion and hyalinization of the venules in the submucosal layer indicated IE. In addition to current case, we reviewed past case reports of IE. Through this case presentation and literature review, we summarize the usefulness and safety of transabdominal ultrasonography for diagnosing IE.

scholarly journals Blood Perfusion of the Kidney of Lophius Piscatorius L.

1953 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Brull ◽  
E. Nizet ◽  
E. B. Verney
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Critical Level ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Urine Flow ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Flow Through

Lophius kidneys perfused with the heparinized blood (venous) of the fish secrete urine in which total non-protein nitrogen is concentrated, magnesium highly concentrated, and chloride only slightly so or not at all. Oxygenation of the blood, or lowering the temperature of the perfusate from c. 20° to c. 5° C. does not appear to influence secretion. The blood flow through the kidneys increases with the perfusion pressure, the increase often becoming disproportionately large. The urine flow, on the other hand, above a certain critical level is largely independent of changes in perfusion pressure.

scholarly journals Surface modification of decellularized bovine carotid arteries with human vascular cells significantly reduces their thrombogenicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriselda Keshi ◽  
Peter Tang ◽  
Marie Weinhart ◽  
Hannah Everwien ◽  
Simon Moosburner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Vascular Grafts ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Vascular Cells ◽  
Perfusion System ◽  
Human Whole Blood

Abstract Background Since autologous veins are unavailable when needed in more than 20% of cases in vascular surgery, the production of personalized biological vascular grafts for implantation has become crucial. Surface modification of decellularized xenogeneic grafts with vascular cells to achieve physiological luminal coverage and eventually thromboresistance is an important prerequisite for implantation. However, ex vivo thrombogenicity testing remains a neglected area in the field of tissue engineering of vascular grafts due to a multifold of reasons. Methods After seeding decellularized bovine carotid arteries with human endothelial progenitor cells and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, luminal endothelial cell coverage (LECC) was correlated with glucose and lactate levels on the cell supernatant. Then a closed loop whole blood perfusion system was designed. Recellularized grafts with a LECC > 50% and decellularized vascular grafts were perfused with human whole blood for 2 h. Hemolysis and complete blood count evaluation was performed on an hourly basis, followed by histological and immunohistochemical analysis. Results While whole blood perfusion of decellularized grafts significantly reduced platelet counts, platelet depletion from blood resulting from binding to re-endothelialized grafts was insignificant (p = 0.7284). Moreover, macroscopic evaluation revealed thrombus formation only in the lumen of unseeded grafts and histological characterization revealed lack of CD41 positive platelets in recellularized grafts, thus confirming their thromboresistance. Conclusion In the present study we were able to demonstrate the effect of surface modification of vascular grafts in their thromboresistance in an ex vivo whole blood perfusion system. To our knowledge, this is the first study to expose engineered vascular grafts to human whole blood, recirculating at high flow rates, immediately after seeding.

Lumped Parameter Thermal Model for the Study of Vascular Reactivity in the Fingertip

2008 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Ley ◽  
C. Deshpande ◽  
B. Prapamcham ◽  
M. Naghavi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Thermal Model ◽  
Vascular Reactivity ◽  
Arterial Occlusion ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Venous Occlusion ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Tissue Temperature

Vascular reactivity (VR) denotes changes in volumetric blood flow in response to arterial occlusion. Current techniques to study VR rely on monitoring blood flow parameters and serve to predict the risk of future cardiovascular complications. Because tissue temperature is directly impacted by blood flow, a simplified thermal model was developed to study the alterations in fingertip temperature during arterial occlusion and subsequent reperfusion (hyperemia). This work shows that fingertip temperature variation during VR test can be used as a cost-effective alternative to blood perfusion monitoring. The model developed introduces a function to approximate the temporal alterations in blood volume during VR tests. Parametric studies are performed to analyze the effects of blood perfusion alterations, as well as any environmental contribution to fingertip temperature. Experiments were performed on eight healthy volunteers to study the thermal effect of 3min of arterial occlusion and subsequent reperfusion (hyperemia). Fingertip temperature and heat flux were measured at the occluded and control fingers, and the finger blood perfusion was determined using venous occlusion plethysmography (VOP). The model was able to phenomenologically reproduce the experimental measurements. Significant variability was observed in the starting fingertip temperature and heat flux measurements among subjects. Difficulty in achieving thermal equilibration was observed, which indicates the important effect of initial temperature and thermal trend (i.e., vasoconstriction, vasodilatation, and oscillations).

Effect of androgen concentration on seminal vesicle blood flow in rats—establishment of new highly sensitive simultaneous androgen measurement method

Urology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 218-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bunzo Kashiwagi ◽  
Yasuhiro Shibata ◽  
Yoshihiro Ono ◽  
Kazuhiro Suzuki ◽  
Seijiro Honma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Highly Sensitive

A-85 Differences in Cerebral Blood Perfusion with Individuals Diagnosed with Cluster B Personality Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1132-1132
Author(s):  
D'anna Sydow ◽  
Daniel Amen ◽  
Kristen Willeumier ◽  
Brittny Arias ◽  
Charles J Golden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Self Recognition ◽  
Cluster B Personality Disorders ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Objective To identify regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) differences between individuals with DSM-IV diagnosis of Cluster B Personality Disorders (PDB) and healthy controls. Method Healthy controls (n = 81, Mage = 41.9, 53.0% female, 42.0% Caucasian) and persons diagnosed by psychiatric examination with PDB (n=, Mage = 34.12, 71.5% female, 69.8% Caucasian) were selected from a deidentified adult clinical outpatient database. Those with comorbid diagnoses were included. Significant differences (alpha = 0.005) were found for age [t(195) = −3.62], gender [χ2(2) = 7.1], and race [χ2(12) = 23.82] between groups. Mean age [t(523) = 2.09, p = 0.037) and gender [t(532) = −2.653, p = 0.008] different significantly between groups. No significant mean difference was found for education [t(523) = 0.832, p = 0.406]. Results Significant rCBF differences were noted in the cerebellum [left:F(1,192) = 10.5; right:F(1,192) = 4.6], limbic system [left:F(1,192) = 7.8; right:F(1,192) = 5.0], and basal ganglia [left:F(1,192) = 12.3; right:F(1,192) = 6.7]. Group means comparisons indicated higher perfusion in the cerebellum for the PDB group. Lower perfusion was found in the limbic system and basal ganglia in the PDB group. Conclusion Results observed in this study are concurrent with previous literature. PDB demonstrates higher activity in the cerebellum which contains inhibitory neurotransmitters, like Purkinje cells. The increased blood flow to cerebellar circuits may be related to the explicit self-recognition of negative emotion reported in PDB. Hypoperfusion found in the limbic system could be linked to impaired emotional responses. Apathy experienced in PDB may be accounted for by the low perfusion in the highly dopaminergic pathway in the basal ganglia. Further research should assess how different comorbidities with PDB affect perfusion.

A computational model for blood perfusion in ischemic strokes

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (05) ◽  
pp. 2050064
Author(s):  
Lanhua Zhang ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Mingfeng Yang ◽  
Shaowei Xue ◽  
Yujuan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Computational Model ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Network Modeling ◽  
Small World ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
And Topology ◽  
Vessel Injury ◽  
The Brain

Quantitative analysis is vital for blood perfusion in ischemic stroke validating and predicting blood trend to refer and remedy on selection, operation and intervention. We leveraged the complex network modeling blood perfusion to pursue the changes and trends of blood flow in ischemic stroke. According to conversion of the flow chart from laser Doppler perfusion images of rats into the correlation matrix, the blood perfusion networks were formed and topology characters were quantitatively analyzed. The results verified the steal phenomenon and the compensatory ability in the vessel injury in accord with clinical indexes by the basic characters and efficiency, especially the interesting local efficiency. In addition, the outcomes exhibited consistently the small-world characters in the brain of rats. This computational model strengthened the new way of blood perfusion and potential predictions for stroke’s assessment, operation and prevention from the basic vascular dynamic indexes and complex networks.

Alloxan, but not streptozotocin, increases blood perfusion of pancreatic islets in rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (1) ◽  
pp. E57-E63 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jansson ◽  
S. Sandler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Perfused Pancreas ◽  
Pancreatic Blood Flow ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Stimulation Of

It has recently been shown that selective B-cell toxins alloxan and streptozotocin (STZ) possess marked effects also on the vascular system. To evaluate to what extent changes in blood perfusion of islets induced by alloxan or STZ could be of importance for diabetogenic action of these compounds, we first investigated acute effects of alloxan (75 mg/kg body wt iv) and STZ (40 mg/kg body wt iv) on both whole pancreatic blood flow (PBF) and islet blood flow (IBF) in adult rats. Alloxan caused a marked increase in IBF, which was most pronounced 3 min after administration and remained for 30 min. PBF, however, was decreased 3 min after alloxan administration but was similar to that of control animals from 10 min and onward. These two opposite effects on IBF and PBF caused the fraction of whole PBF diverted through islets to increase from approximately 10 to 50%. Pretreatment with glucose (2 g/kg body wt iv), indomethacin (3.5 mg/kg body wt iv), dimethyl sulfoxide (10 ml/kg body wt ip of a 33% solution), superoxide dismutase (SOD, 1,000 kU/kg body wt iv), NG-methyl-L-arginine (30 mg/kg body wt iv), theophylline (7 mg/kg body wt iv), or terbutaline (1 mg/kg body wt iv) failed to affect stimulation of IBF by alloxan observed at 3 min. SOD was found to exert a marked stimulation of IBF both when given alone and together with alloxan. Alloxan increased IBF and decreased PBF also in a syngeneic pancreaticoduodenal graft in rats but did not affect flow distribution in a perfused pancreas-duodenum preparation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

A Comparative Analysis of Thermal Blood Perfusion Measurement Techniques

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Kress ◽  
R. Roemer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Blood Perfusion ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Transient Heating

The object of this study was to devise a unified method for comparing different thermal techniques for the estimation of blood perfusion rates and to perform a comparison for several common techniques. The approach used was to develop analytical models for the temperature response for all combinations of five power deposition geometries (spherical, one- and two-dimensional cylindrical, and one- and two-dimensional Gaussian) and three transient heating techniques (temperature pulse-decay, temperature step function, and constant-power heat-up) plus one steady-state heating technique. The transient models were used to determine the range of times (the time window) when a significant portion of the transient temperature response was due to blood perfusion. This time window was defined to begin when the difference between the conduction-only and the conduction-plus-blood flow transient temperature (or power) responses exceeded a specified value, and to end when the conduction-plus-blood flow transient temperature (or power) reached a specified fraction of its steady-state value. The results are summarized in dimensionless plots showing the size of the time windows for each of the transient perfusion estimation techniques. Several conclusions were drawn, in particular: (a) low perfusions are difficult to estimate because of the dominance of conduction, (b) large heated regions are better suited for estimation of low perfusions, (c) noninvasive heating techniques are superior because they have the potential to minimize conduction effects, and (d) none of the transient techniques appears to be clearly superior to the others.

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