LNG Vaporization Using a Novel Co-Generation System

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Griepentrog ◽  
G. Tsatsaronis ◽  
T. Morosuk
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Liquefaction Process

Natural gas is one of the most important primary energy sources. It is expected to account for about 30% of total electricity generation by 2020 compared with 17% in 2000. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is expected to have a large share in this expansion of use of natural gas. In the last years the total cost of LNG technology has decreased mainly due to improvements in the liquefaction process. The paper discusses some novel, gas-turbine-based concepts for combining LNG regasification with electricity generation. A comparative exergetic evaluation of the concepts is presented.

Experimental Investigation of a Generic, Fuel Flexible Reheat Combustor at Gas Turbine Relevant Operating Conditions

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia M. Fleck ◽  
Peter Griebel ◽  
Adam M. Steinberg ◽  
Michael Sto¨hr ◽  
Manfred Aigner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Fuel Flexibility ◽  
Low Emission

Fuel flexibility in stationary gas turbines (GT) is becoming increasingly important due to the use of a broader spectrum of primary energy sources, particularly H2-rich fuels derived from the gasification of coal or biomass. GTs also must be able to operate at extremely low emission levels, which is currently achieved with lean-premixed burner designs. To investigate the performance of highly reactive fuels in the reheat combustion concept, mainly with respect to autoignition and flashback limits, a generic reheat combustor with excellent optical access has been developed. The first objective of this work was to carefully characterize the mixing section in order to derive well-defined boundary conditions for the subsequent autoignition studies. Initial autoignition results at T > 1000 K and p = 15 bar are presented for natural gas (NG) and H2-rich fuels. No autoignition was detected for NG at the investigated operating conditions. For H2/NG/N2 blends with a constant volumetric N2 concentration of 20% and H2 concentrations higher than 76%, autoignition in the mixing section was detected.

Power System for Beautiful China

2021 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Vladimir P. Polevanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Power System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Primary Energy Consumption ◽  
Leading Position

The growth in primary energy consumption in 2019 by 1.3% was provided by renewable energy sources and natural gas, which together provided 75% of the increase. China in the period 2010–2020 held a leading position in the growth of demand for energy resources, but according to forecasts, India will join it in the current decade.

Top three LNG buyers to search for alternative LNG pricing structure after paying a total cost premium of $56 billion for oil-indexed LNG contracts in 2019 and 2020 – how will this affect Australia as the number one supplier to this market?

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
Sindre Knutsson
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Spot Market ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
The Future

Increasing spreads between spot liquefied natural gas (LNG) and oil-indexed contracts have resulted in the world’s top three LNG buyers paying a cost premium of $33 billion in 2019 and 23 billion in 2020. The top three buyers are Japan, China and South Korea, which had a combined 151Mt of long-term LNG contracts indexed to oil in 2020. This cost premium shows what top Asian buyers are currently paying for the security of LNG supply through long-term oil-indexed contracts. However, it also shows the potential reward Asian buyers have if they manage to develop a liquid LNG pricing hub in Asia to which they can index their contracts. Japanese buyers’ efforts of increasing flexibility in contracts, both through take-or-pay agreements and destination flexibility and aims of growing the spot market, will increasingly support the liquidity of the LNG market. However, there will be resistance from the other side of the table, for where someone is paying a premium, or making a loss, someone is making money. 2020 was another year of plenty for LNG producers selling oil-indexed volumes to Asian markets. Australia is the largest seller of LNG to Japan, China and South Korea with over 60Mt of long-term LNG contracts indexed to oil in 2020. Australia has benefited from having their contracts indexed to oil, but what’s next? In this paper, Rystad Energy will discuss the future market for Australian LNG exports including development in LNG demand, contract trends and price spreads.

scholarly journals Modern energetics: current problems in energy conversion and utilization of produced energy

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (10) ◽  
pp. 1521-1534
Author(s):  
Michail V. Alfimov ◽  
Vladimir F. Razumov
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Rational Utilization ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
State Of Art

AbstractIn this study, we discussed the state-of-art in global energy industry in a historical retrospective and the forecast of its development for the next 25 years. At least in the nearest quarter of a century, the main source of primary energy will remain the chemical energy of different hydrocarbon fuels, including natural gas, coal, oil, and biofuels. In this context, of current importance becomes the problem of more rational utilization of produced energy. We analyzed the basic physical constraints that define a maximum efficiency of energy conversion and utiliztion of primary energy sources.

Latin America's LNG drive could quickly lose momentum

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Weather Phenomenon ◽  
Gas Balance

Subject Energy diversification efforts. Significance The El Nino weather phenomenon has laid bare the vulnerabilities of South America's dependence on hydropower. Gas has been the primary back-up, and liquefied natural gas (LNG) import capacity a strategic necessity (one which the northern part of the continent lacks). However, a recovery in Argentine gas production could eventually change the region's current gas balance, while the growth of renewables offers a new, indigenous, low-cost energy source. Impacts Investment in LNG import capacity and gas storage will continue. However, facilities face the threat of low utilisation as renewables capacity and domestic gas production increases. As one of the cheapest forms of electricity generation with a large amount of unexploited resource, hydropower will expand. States will gradually look towards other forms of system flexibility and grid resilience.

Utilization of Cryogenic Exergy of LNG by MGT (Mirror Gas Turbine)

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Tsujikawa ◽  
K. Kaneko ◽  
S. Fujii
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Topping Cycle ◽  
Very High

In the course of the worldwide efforts to suppress the global warming, the saving energy becomes more important. Recently, the LNG (liquefied natural gas) terminals in our country have received more than 50 million tons of LNG per year. Therefore, the utilization of the cryogenic exergy in connection with the regasification of LNG gains more and more importance. The aim of this paper is the recovery of the energy consumed in liquefaction using the MGT (Mirror Gas Turbine), which is a kind of new combined cycle of a conventional gas turbine worked as a topping cycle and TG (inverted Brayton cycle) as a bottoming cycle. The optimum characteristics have been calculated and it is shown that this cycle is superior to the current-use gasification systems in employing seawater heats in terms of thermal efficiency and specific output. In the present cycle, the cold of LNG is used to cool the exhaust gas from a turbine of TG, and then the exergy of the liquefied natural gas is transformed to electric energy with a very high efficiency. The main feature of this new concept is the removal of an evaporation system using seawater.

Exergy Analyses Applied to an AP-X Process for the Liquefaction of Natural Gas

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Bin Omar ◽  
T. Morosuk ◽  
G. Tsatsaronis
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Exergetic Analysis ◽  
Liquefaction Process ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Exergy Analyses ◽  
Thermodynamic Processes

LNG technology has been in use since the 1960s and is constantly evolving. During the last 20 years the total cost of LNG technology has decreased by approximately 30% due to improvements of the liquefaction process and shipping. One of the last developed processes for the liquefaction of the natural gas is the so-called AP-X process that is patented by Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. (US Patent No. 6308521), and is now used for industrial applications in the Middle East. The thermodynamic processes within the components of the AP-X process are complex because a mixture is used as a working fluid. This paper discusses the exergetic analysis of the AP-X process.

scholarly journals The Economics of Renewable Energy Sources into Electricity Generation in Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baraka Kichonge ◽  
Iddi S. N. Mkilaha ◽  
Geoffrey R. John ◽  
Sameer Hameer
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Renewable Energy Technologies ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Primary Energy Supply

The study analyzes the economics of renewable energy sources into electricity generation in Tanzania. Business as usual (BAU) scenario and renewable energy (RE) scenario which enforce a mandatory penetration of renewable energy sources shares into electricity generations were analyzed. The results show total investment cost for the BAU scenario is much lower as compared to RE scenario while operating and maintenance variable costs are higher in BAU scenario. Primary energy supply in BAU scenario is higher tied with less investment costs as compared to RE scenario. Furthermore, the share of renewable energy sources in BAU scenario is insignificant as compared to RE scenario due to mandatory penetration policy imposed. Analysis concludes that there are much higher investments costs in RE scenario accompanied with less operating and variable costs and lower primary energy supply. Sensitivity analysis carried out suggests that regardless of changes in investments cost of coal and CCGT power plants, the penetration of renewable energy technologies was still insignificant. Notwithstanding the weaknesses of renewable energy technologies in terms of the associated higher investments costs, an interesting result is that it is possible to meet future electricity demand based on domestic resources including renewables.

Integration of Distributing Energy System I: Modeling and Simulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1156-1162
Author(s):  
Jin Yang Wang ◽  
Guo Min Cui ◽  
Fu Yu Peng
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Performance Prediction ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Simulation System ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
And Performance

The heating, power and cooling distributing energy system is studied by numerical simulation. System modeling and performance prediction are studied on the tri-generation system based on micro gas turbine as primary energy utilizing equipment in part Ⅰ. The results show: The numerical simulation can replace pilotscale experiment of objective project in the aspects of design and performance prediction of distributing energy system.

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