Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV): Design Trends

Hardware In The Loop ◽

Design Procedures ◽

System Survivability ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Automation Systems ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

Major Factors ◽

This paper looks at the trends in design procedures in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). Rapid advances in technology are enabling more and more capability to be placed on smaller airframes which is spurring a large increase in the number of UAVs being deployed in the army. The military role of UAV is growing at unprecedented rates. The UAV is an acronym for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, which is an aircraft with no pilot on board. UAVs can be remote controlled aircraft (e.g. flown by a pilot at a ground control station) or can fly autonomously based on pre-programmed flight plans or more complex dynamic automation systems. A variety of design configurations are in use. The primary driving parameters in all UAVs is the need for maximizing available wing area and wing effectiveness, while minimizing the required storage volume. The major factors in determining the relative merit of the different concepts are the evaluation of structural viability, mechanical complexity and overall system survivability by G forces. This paper examines some of the design methodologies and hardware-in-the loop simulation environment to support and validate the UAV hardware and software development.

Military Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles – A Historical Study

Safety & Defense ◽

10.37105/sd.4 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 17-21

Author(s):

Kozera Cyprian Aleksander

Keyword(s):

Unmanned Vehicles ◽

Theoretical Research ◽

Historical Study ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

Contemporary Study ◽

The Military ◽

Aerial Combat

The following study is devoted to the phenomenon of unmanned aerial vehicles used throughout known history on the battlefield or for military purposes. The purpose of the following text is to familiarise the reader with an overview with the contemporary and historical employment of the unmanned vehicles on the battlefield. The study also aims to show that the concept of unmanned combat vehicles, also unmanned aerial combat vehicles, is far more ancient than is it is widely known. The article is based on theoretical research methods, mostly multinational academic literature. The author starts with an introduction on the role of limiting soldiers’ fatalities and the concept of removing military men from the battleground. Then, the author presents known examples of using unmanned ships in battles from Thucydides’ times to the invention of the Hell-burner of Antwerp. Further, the case of first unmanned combat aerial vehicle is presented, the bombing balloons from the nineteenth century, followed by a more contemporary study of the military use of unmanned aircrafts. The article is concluded with an analysis of the present employment of drones when they tend to substitute manned aircrafts on various occasions, especially when a mission is deemed “dull, dirty or dangerous”.

A New Password- and Position-Based Authenticated Key Exchange

Security and Communication Networks ◽

10.1155/2021/6613392 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Jia Fan ◽

Lanfei Qiao ◽

Yunfei Cao ◽

Shanglin Liu ◽

Wenke Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Key Exchange ◽

Authenticated Key Exchange ◽

Key Exchange Protocol ◽

Position Information ◽

Popular Method ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

Secure Authentication ◽

Password-based authenticated key exchange is a popular method for secure authentication and key exchange. With the wide application of unmanned aerial vehicles, position information has also become an important factor in authentication. In this paper, we present a new key exchange protocol, which firstly realizes dual authentication for both password and position, and we propose two applicable scenarios for the PPAKE mechanism: one is unmanned aerial vehicle authentication, and the other one is authentication in the military base. By adding position authentication, the reliability of authentication has improved, and the difficulty of adversarial attacks also increases. Any arbitrary adversary who can listen, tamper, and send messages can only perform an online attack for password guessing at a specified position. Finally, we provide security proofs under the defined model.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Influence of Troops Leading Procedure

International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION ◽

10.1515/kbo-2017-0170 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 155-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jan Drozd ◽

Zdeněk Flasar

Keyword(s):

Modern Technology ◽

Online Information ◽

Preparation Time ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

The World ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

The Military ◽

Modern Technologies ◽

Specific Impact

Abstract Unmanned aerial vehicles, drones and other similar equipment are having a boom nowadays. Moreover, the usage of those modern technologies is also significant within armies. Unmanned aerial vehicles are extensively use within most of the military activities all over the world mainly on the battalion level and above. This paper is focused to discuss the usage of this technology on tactical level, particularly by squad and squad size units. The paper deals mainly with influence of unmanned aerial vehicles on troops leading procedure. The main methods of this paper are outcomes from the realized experiment. It shows on examples specific impact on all steps of the troops leading procedure. The experiment revealed interesting data and some possible conclusion were made. The primarily target of this paper is experience military personnel dealing with this topic. The paper should open broad discussion focused on all steps of troops leading procedure and outline the possible way of troops leading procedure update. Unmanned aerial vehicles, drones and other modern technology providing almost online information to the squad leader could significantly influence all steps of the troop leading procedure, safe preparation time as well as lives of the troops.

The Role of Affective Computing for Improving Situation Awareness in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Operations

10.4018/978-1-5225-8365-3.ch013 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 295-305

Author(s):

Jonathan Bishop

Keyword(s):

Missing Data ◽

Cognitive Load ◽

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽

Situation Awareness ◽

Affective Computing ◽

Affect Recognition ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Aerial Vehicle

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, are a robotic form of military aircraft that are remotely operated by humans. Due to lack of situation awareness, such technology has led to the deaths of civilians through the inaccurate targeting of missile or gun attacks. This chapter presents the case for how a patented invention can be used to reduce civilian casualties through attaching an affect recognition sensor to a UAV that uses a database of strategies, tactics and commands to better instruct fighter pilots on how to respond while in combat so as to avoid misinterpreting civilians as combatants. The chapter discusses how this system, called VoisJet, can reduce many of the difficulties that come about for UAV pilots, including reducing cognitive load and opportunity for missing data. The chapter concludes that using UAVs fitted with VoisJet could allow for the reduction of the size of standing armies so that defence budgets are not overstretched outside of peacetime.

Handbook of Research on Synthesizing Human Emotion in Intelligent Systems and Robotics - Advances in Computational Intelligence and Robotics ◽

The Role of Affective Computing for Improving Situation Awareness in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Operations

10.4018/978-1-4666-7278-9.ch020 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 404-414

Author(s):

Jonathan Bishop

Keyword(s):

Missing Data ◽

Cognitive Load ◽

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽

Situation Awareness ◽

Affective Computing ◽

Affect Recognition ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Aerial Vehicle

The global drone market: main development trends

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/202112911004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 129 ◽

pp. 11004

Author(s):

Larisa Kapustina ◽

Natalia Izakova ◽

Elizaveta Makovkina ◽

Michail Khmelkov

Keyword(s):

Value Added ◽

Global Market ◽

Public Access ◽

Industrial Complex ◽

Development Trends ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

The Usa ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

Research background: Many countries of the world announced increasing the use of drones for civil and military purposes. An important feature of the drone market is that it is an “ecosystem”“, which includes software developers, integrators, component manufacturers, etc. By 2025, the capacity of the global unmanned aerial vehicle market will grow by 3 times. Purpose of the article: The aim of the study is to identify current trends in the development of the global market of unmanned aerial vehicles for commercial use. Methods: A significant part of the necessary statistical data is closed for public access, due to the fact that most of the UAVs produced are part of the military-industrial complex or “dual-use” goods. Only 23.6% of all UAVs produced can be classified as civilian or commercial products. Market development trends using economic statistic methods were determined based on the data of the reports “The Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in International Trade and their Regulation”, Drone Industry Insights, the analytical agency Mordor Intelligence, “Global Drone Regulations Database”. Findings & Value added: The USA, China and France are the leaders in the production of commercial and consumer drones. The rating of drone manufacturers is led by: DJI (China), SenseFly / Parrot SA (France), Yuneec (China), 3D Robotics (USA). The largest purchases are made by the USA, China, Russia, Great Britain, Australia, France, Saudi Arabia, India and South Korea. Significant growth in the use of drones is expected in medicine, logistics and delivery.

A Flow Analysis Using a Water Tunnel of an Innovative Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11135772 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (13) ◽

pp. 5772

Author(s):

Dawid Lis ◽

Adam Januszko ◽

Tadeusz Dobrocinski

Keyword(s):

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Lift Coefficient ◽

Flow Analysis ◽

Water Tunnel ◽

Dual Use ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

Technical Construction

The purpose of this article is to present and discuss the results of a non-standard unnamed aerial vehicle construction with a constant cross-section square-shaped avionic profile. Based on the model’s in-air observed maneuverability, the research of avionic construction behavior was carried out in a water tunnel. The results show the model’s specific lift capabilities in comparison to classical avionic constructions. The characteristic results of the lift coefficient showed that the unmanned aerial vehicle presents favorable features than classic avionic constructions. The model was created with the prospect of using it in the future for dual-use purposes, where unmanned aerial vehicles are currently experiencing very rapid development. When creating the prototype, the focus was on low production cost, as well as convenience in operation. The development of this type of breakthrough avionic solution, which shows extraordinary maneuverability, may contribute to increasing the popularity and, above all, the availability of unmanned aerial vehicles for the largest possible group of recipients because of high avionic properties in relation to the technical construction complexity.

A new nonlinear lifting line method for aerodynamic analysis and deep learning modeling of small unmanned aerial vehicles

International Journal of Micro Air Vehicles ◽

10.1177/17568293211016817 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 175682932110168

Author(s):

Hasan Karali ◽

Gokhan Inalhan ◽

M Umut Demirezen ◽

M Adil Yukselen

Keyword(s):

Fluid Dynamics ◽

Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽

Deep Learning ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

Computationally Intensive ◽

Lifting Line ◽

Lifting Line Method ◽

Nonlinear Aerodynamic

In this work, a computationally efficient and high-precision nonlinear aerodynamic configuration analysis method is presented for both design optimization and mathematical modeling of small unmanned aerial vehicles. First, we have developed a novel nonlinear lifting line method which (a) provides very good match for the pre- and post-stall aerodynamic behavior in comparison to experiments and computationally intensive tools, (b) generates these results in order of magnitudes less time in comparison to computationally intensive methods such as computational fluid dynamics. This method is further extended to a complete configuration analysis tool that incorporates the effects of basic fuselage geometries. Moreover, a deep learning based surrogate model is developed using data generated by the new aerodynamic tool that can characterize the nonlinear aerodynamic performance of unmanned aerial vehicles. The major novel feature of this model is that it can predict the aerodynamic properties of unmanned aerial vehicle configurations by using only geometric parameters without the need for any special input data or pre-process phase as needed by other computational aerodynamic analysis tools. The obtained black-box function can calculate the performance of an unmanned aerial vehicle over a wide angle of attack range on the order of milliseconds, whereas computational fluid dynamics solutions take several days/weeks in a similar computational environment. The aerodynamic model predictions show an almost 1-1 coincidence with the numerical data even for configurations with different airfoils that are not used in model training. The developed model provides a highly capable aerodynamic solver for design optimization studies as demonstrated through an illustrative profile design example.

Automated system for dispatching the movement of unmanned aerial vehicles with a distributed survey of flight tasks

Journal of Intelligent Systems ◽

10.1515/jisys-2021-0026 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 728-738

Author(s):

Dmitry Gura ◽

Victor Rukhlinskiy ◽

Valeriy Sharov ◽

Anatoliy Bogoyavlenskiy

Keyword(s):

Communication Systems ◽

Data Exchange ◽

Video Recording ◽

Communication Technologies ◽

Automated System ◽

Military Industry ◽

Communication Problems ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Abstract Over the past decade, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have received increasing attention and are being used in the areas of harvesting, videotaping, and the military industry. In this article, the consideration is focused on areas where video recording is required for ground inspections. This paper describes modern communication technologies and systems that enable interaction and data exchange between UAVs and a ground control station (GCS). This article focuses on different architectures of communication systems, establishing the characteristics of each to identify the preferred architecture that does not require a significant consumption of resources and whose data transmission is reliable. A coherent architecture that includes multiple UAVs, wireless sensor networks, cellular networks, GCSs, and satellite network to duplicate communications for enhanced system security has been offered. Some reliability problems have been discussed, the solution of which was suggested to be a backup connection via satellite, i.e., a second connection. This study focused not only on the communication channels but also on the data exchanged between system components, indicating the purpose of their application. Some of the communication problems and shortcomings of various systems, as well as further focus areas and improvement recommendations were discussed.

METHODS AND MODELS OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT OF MODULAR DESIGN OF ASSEMBLY PRODUCTION OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES

10.31799/978-5-8088-1558-2-2021-2-101-102 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

E. G. Semenova ◽

◽

M. I. Bakustina ◽

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Quality Management ◽

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽

Modular Design ◽

Aerial Vehicles ◽

Modern Methods ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

The Creation ◽

Assembly Production

The article is devoted to the creation of a method for preparing an unmanned aerial vehicle for implementation as a finished packaged product. To achieve the goal, modern methods of standardization and quality control are used.