The Non-Uniform Preloading Effect on Stiffness Behaviour of Angular Contact Ball Bearings

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenwu Wu ◽  
Jun Hong ◽  
Xiaohu Li ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Baotong Li
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Structural Performance ◽  
Angular Contact Ball Bearing ◽  
Actual Operating ◽  
Bearing Life ◽  
Bearing Stiffness ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Bearing System

With the increasing demand of higher operating speed for bearing system, more challenges have been exposed on the maintaining of the bearing performance. Preloading is an effective method to handle these challenges. Traditionally, the preloading of bearing system has been applied by uniform approaches such as rigid preload and constant preload. However, this treatment may hardly deal with the optimization of preloading problem due to the non-uniformity of the bearing stiffness becomes more apparent under high-speed operating conditions. A novel and practical approach is therefore presented in this paper to incorporate the non-uniformity effect to improve the structural performance of bearing under actual operating conditions. Firstly, the critical relationship between the stiffness behaviour and the non-uniform preload is evaluated for bearing system. The stiffness problem of angular contact ball bearing system is then formulated analytically by Jones’ model. With this approach, boundary conditions are achieved to solve the local contact deformation and predict the bearing life under non-uniform preload. Finally, both the uniform preload and the non-uniform preload cases for bearing system are simulated under various operating conditions. Comparing with traditional methods, the proposed method can provide a better solution in both stiffness and life that will enable a designer to obtain a deep insight on the optimization of bearing system.

Kinematic investigation and fatigue life analysis of angular contact ball bearing in wide speed range based on raceway friction

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 845-850
Author(s):  
Yue Liu
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Peer Review ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Angular Contact Ball Bearing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Uniform Model ◽  
Wide Speed Range

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship between fatigue life and kinematics of angular contact ball bearing. It proposes a new modeling method of spin to roll ratio based on raceway friction, which is more accurate than the traditional raceway control theory. Design/methodology/approach The uniform model of spin to roll ratio based on raceway friction in a wide speed range is proposed using quasi-statics method, which considers centrifugal force, gyroscopic moment, friction force of raceway and other influencing factors. The accuracy is considerably improved compared with the static model without increasing too much computation. Findings A uniform model for spin to roll ratio of angular contact ball bearing based on raceway friction is established, and quite different relationships between fatigue life and speed under two operating conditions are found. Research limitations/implications The conclusion of this paper is based on the bearing basic fatigue life calculation theory provided by ISO/TS 16281; however, the accuracy of theory needs to be further verified. Practical implications This paper provides guidance for applying angular contact ball bearing, especially at a high speed. Originality/value This paper reveals the changing trend of fatigue life of angular contact ball bearing with the speed under different loads. Peer review The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-01-2020-0030

Lubrication and Thermal Failure Mechanism Analysis in High-Speed Angular Contact Ball Bearing

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Yunlong ◽  
Wang Wenzhong ◽  
Li Yulong ◽  
Zhao Ziqiang
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Speed ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Rolling Bearing ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Mechanism Analysis ◽  
Angular Contact Ball Bearing ◽  
Thermal Failure ◽  
Lubrication Performance

Lubrication analysis of rolling bearing is often conducted with assumed operating conditions, which does not consider the effect of internal dynamics of rolling bearing. In this paper, the effects of the applied load and bearing rotational speed on the lubrication performance in an angular contact ball bearing are conducted, which combines the bearing dynamic analysis and thermo-elastohydrodynamic lubrication (TEHL) analysis. First, the internal motions and contact forces are obtained from the developed bearing dynamic model, and then were integrated into the TEHL model to investigate the lubrication performance of the bearing. The results show that the rotational speed and external load has significant effects on film thickness, temperature, and power loss; if the improper axial load is applied for certain bearing speed, the lubrication performance will deteriorate and thermal failure may occur; there exists critical load or speed to keep good lubrication performance and avoid thermal failure; the skidding contributes to the thermal failure and bad lubrication performance.

Ball Bearing Response to Cage Unbalance

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 462-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Gupta ◽  
J. F. Dill ◽  
J. W. Artuso ◽  
N. H. Forster
Keyword(s):  
Entire Range ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Angular Contact Ball Bearing ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Inner Race ◽  
Good Agreement ◽  
Engine Bearing

Motion of the cage in a high-speed angular contact ball bearing is experimentally investigated as a function of prescribed unbalance, up to operating speeds corresponding to three million DN. The predictions of cage motion made by the recently developed computer model, ADORE, are validated in the light of the experimental data. It is shown the cage whirl velocity is essentially equal to its angular velocity at all levels of unbalance and over a wide range of operating conditions. For the inner race guided turbine engine bearing, the cage/race interaction takes place directly opposite to the location of the unbalance and the severity of the interaction increases with the level of unbalance and the operating speed. ADORE predictions, over the entire range of unbalance and bearing operating conditions, are in very good agreement with the experimental observations.

Experimental investigation of cage motions in an angular contact ball bearing

2017 ◽  
Vol 231 (8) ◽  
pp. 1041-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baogang Wen ◽  
Hongjun Ren ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Qingkai Han
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Axial Loads ◽  
Angular Contact Ball Bearing ◽  
Radial Forces ◽  
External Loads

The commonly known effects of both the rotating speeds and external loads on the bearing dynamics or life behaviors are mostly caused by its cage dynamics, because of the complicated contact and collision interactions between the cage and other parts such as the inner or outer rings and balls. In this paper, experimental investigation of dynamic motions of a cage is carried out under various rotating speeds and external loads in a ball bearing. On a bearing test rig, the cage motions in axial and radial directions are measured by use of eddy transducers installed inside the bearing house and the subpanel. Then the measured results are analyzed by fast Fourier transform and compared at different operating conditions including rotating speeds, axial and radial forces, or moments. The three-dimensional space motions of the cage are also constructed to illustrate its different modes. Results reveal that the cage motions are typically periodic in the three directions. The motion frequencies consist of the cage rotating frequency and its multi-frequency, the inner ring rotating frequency, and also some combination frequencies of the cage and inner ring. The obtained characteristic frequencies of the cage motion in axial are similar to that in radial, but different in the variety of amplitudes under the same operating conditions. The increment of rotating speeds and axial loads of the bearing gradually make the whirl trajectories of the cage mass center regular, and enlarge its whirl radii. Instead, the whirl trajectories change from well-defined patterns to complicated ones, and its whirl radii decrease on increasing the radial loads and moments of the bearing. All the obtained experimental results are useful references for dynamic design and life prediction of high-speed and low-load bearings commonly used in many machines.

Experimental and Analytical Investigation of High Speed Turbocharger Ball Bearings

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankur Ashtekar ◽  
Farshid Sadeghi
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Rotor System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Angular Contact Ball Bearing ◽  
Turbine Wheel ◽  
Bearing Dynamics

The objectives of this investigation were to design and construct a high speed turbocharger test rig (TTR) to measure dynamics of angular contact ball bearing rotor system, and to develop a coupled dynamic model for the ball bearing rotor system to corroborate the experimental and analytical results. In order to achieve the objectives of the experimental aspect of this study, a test rig was designed and developed to operate at speeds up to 70,000 rpm. The rotating components (i.e., turbine wheels) of the TTR were made to be dynamically similar to the actual turbocharger. Proximity sensors were used to record the turbine wheel displacements while accelerometers were used to monitor the rotor vibrations. The TTR was used to examine the dynamic response of the turbocharger under normal and extreme operating conditions. To achieve the objectives of analytical investigation, a discrete element ball bearing model was coupled through a set of interface points with a component mode synthesis rotor model to simulate the dynamics of the turbocharger test rig. Displacements of the rotor from the analytical model were corroborated with experimental results. The analytical and experimental results are in good agreement. The bearing rotor system model was used to examine the bearing component dynamics. Effects of preloading and imbalance were also found to have significant effects on turbocharger rotor and bearing dynamics.

Recent Patents on the Angular Contact Ball Bearing of High-Speed Motorized Spindle

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudong Bao ◽  
Linkai Wu ◽  
Yanling Zhao ◽  
Chengyi Pan
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Angular Contact Ball Bearing ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
High Speed Cutting ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

Background:: Angular contact ball bearings are the most popular bearing type used in the high speed spindle for machining centers, The performance of the bearing directly affects the machining efficiency of the machine tool, Obtaining a higher value is the direction of its research and development. Objective:: By analyzing the research achievements and patents of electric spindle angular contact bearings, summarizing the development trend provides a reference for the development of electric spindle bearings. Methods:: Through the analysis of the relevant technology of the electric spindle angular contact ball bearing, the advantages and disadvantages of the angular contact ball bearing are introduced, and the research results are combined with the patent analysis. Results:: With the rapid development of high-speed cutting and numerical control technology and the needs of practical applications, the spindle requires higher and higher speeds for bearings. In order to meet the requirements of use, it is necessary to improve the bearing performance by optimizing the structure size and improving the lubrication conditions. Meanwhile, reasonable processing and assembly methods will also have a beneficial effect on bearing performance. Conclusion:: With the continuous deepening of bearing technology research and the use of new structures and ceramic materials has made the bearing's limit speed repeatedly reach new highs. The future development trend of high-speed bearings for electric spindles is environmental protection, intelligence, high speed, high precision and long life.

Temperature Rise Prediction of Oil-Air Lubricated Angular Contact Ball Bearings Using Artificial Neural Network

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 248-261
Author(s):  
Baomin Wang ◽  
Xiao Chang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Ball Bearings ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Angular Contact Ball Bearing ◽  
Artificial Neural

Background: Angular contact ball bearing is an important component of many high-speed rotating mechanical systems. Oil-air lubrication makes it possible for angular contact ball bearing to operate at high speed. So the lubrication state of angular contact ball bearing directly affects the performance of the mechanical systems. However, as bearing rotation speed increases, the temperature rise is still the dominant limiting factor for improving the performance and service life of angular contact ball bearings. Therefore, it is very necessary to predict the temperature rise of angular contact ball bearings lubricated with oil-air. Objective: The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of temperature calculation of bearing from many studies and patents, and propose a new prediction method for temperature rise of angular contact ball bearing. Methods: Based on the artificial neural network and genetic algorithm, a new prediction methodology for bearings temperature rise was proposed which capitalizes on the notion that the temperature rise of oil-air lubricated angular contact ball bearing is generally coupling. The influence factors of temperature rise in high-speed angular contact ball bearings were analyzed through grey relational analysis, and the key influence factors are determined. Combined with Genetic Algorithm (GA), the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model based on these key influence factors was built up, two groups of experimental data were used to train and validate the ANN model. Results: Compared with the ANN model, the ANN-GA model has shorter training time, higher accuracy and better stability, the output of ANN-GA model shows a good agreement with the experimental data, above 92% of bearing temperature rise under varying conditions can be predicted using the ANNGA model. Conclusion: A new method was proposed to predict the temperature rise of oil-air lubricated angular contact ball bearings based on the artificial neural network and genetic algorithm. The results show that the prediction model has good accuracy, stability and robustness.

Parameters research on time-varying stiffness of the ball bearing system without race control hypothesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622110179
Author(s):  
Yongzhen Liu ◽  
Yimin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Noticeable Effect ◽  
Rotating Speed ◽  
Bearing Stiffness ◽  
Vibration Mechanism ◽  
Control Hypothesis ◽  
Full Consideration ◽  
Bearing System

When the ball bearing serving under the combined loading conditions, the ball will roll in and out of the loaded zone periodically. Therefore the bearing stiffness will vary with the position of the ball, which will cause vibration. In order to reveal the vibration mechanism, the quasi static model without raceway control hypothesis is modeled. A two-layer nested iterative algorithm based on Newton–Raphson (N-R) method with dynamic declined factors is presented. The effect of the dispersion of bearing parameters and the installation errors on the time-varying carrying characteristics of the ball-raceway contact and the bearing stiffness are investigated. Numerical simulation illustrates that besides the load and the rotating speed, the dispersion of bearing parameters and the installation errors have noticeable effect on the ball-raceway contact load, ball-inner raceway contact state and bearing stiffness, which should be given full consideration during the process of design and fault diagnosis for the rotor-bearing system.

Direct Outer Ring Cooling of a High Speed Jet Engine Mainshaft Ball Bearing: Experimental Investigation Results

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Gloeckner ◽  
Klaus Dullenkopf ◽  
Michael Flouros
Keyword(s):  
Power Dissipation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Outer Ring ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Jet Engine ◽  
Power Loss Reduction ◽  
The Impact

Operating conditions in high speed mainshaft ball bearings applied in new aircraft propulsion systems require enhanced bearing designs and materials. Rotational speeds, loads, demands on higher thrust capability, and reliability have increased continuously over the last years. A consequence of these increasing operating conditions are increased bearing temperatures. A state of the art jet engine high speed ball bearing has been modified with an oil channel in the outer diameter of the bearing. This oil channel provides direct cooling of the outer ring. Rig testing under typical flight conditions has been performed to investigate the cooling efficiency of the outer ring oil channel. In this paper the experimental results including bearing temperature distribution, power dissipation, bearing oil pumping and the impact on oil mass and parasitic power loss reduction are presented.

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