A Preliminary Study on Machinability Assessment of Nanobainite Steel

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Polishetty ◽  
Guy Littlefair ◽  
Thomas Musselwhite ◽  
Chinmay Sonavane
Keyword(s):  
Isothermal Holding ◽  
Bainitic Ferrite ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Future Work

The demand for high strength materials and improvements in heat treatment techniques has given rise to this new form of high strength steel known as nanobainite steel. The production of nanobainite steel involves slow isothermal holding of austenitic steel around 200°C for 10 days, in order to obtain a carbon enriched austenite and cooling to room temperature using austempering. The microstructure of nanobainite steel is dual phase consisting of alternate layers of bainitic ferrite and austenite. The experimental design consists of face milling under 12 combination of Depth of Cut (DoC)-1, 2 and 3mm; cutting speed-100 and 150m/min; constant feed- 0.15mm/rev and coolant on/off. The machinability of the material is assessed by means of analysis such as metallography and cutting force analysis. The results obtained are used to assess the most favorable condition to machine this new variety of steel. Future work involves study on phase transformation by quantifying the microstructural phase before and after milling using XRD.

The Preliminary Study of Machinability during Milling of Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V)

2012 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Serboi ◽  
Stefan Velicu ◽  
Philippe Darnis ◽  
Raynald Laheurte ◽  
Cristian Ionescu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Cutting Forces ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
High Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Preliminary Study

Titanium and its alloys have found wide application in the aerospace, biomedical and automotive industries owing to their good strength-to weight ratio and high corrosion resistance. However, these alloys have very poor machinability, which is attributed to their inherent high strength maintained at elevated temperature and low thermal conductivity leading to high cutting temperatures. This paper presents the findings of an experimental investigation into the effects of cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut when milling titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V. The cutting forces were the response variables investigated. This experimental investigation is translated into a mathematical model of cutting forces designed on the basis of the results obtained from this research.

Deformation Replication

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 280-281
Author(s):  
J. Temple Black
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Rake Face ◽  
Orthogonal Machining ◽  
Aluminum Chips ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Glass Knife ◽  
Very High

Tool materials used in ultramicrotomy are glass, developed by Latta and Hartmann (1) and diamond, introduced by Fernandez-Moran (2). While diamonds produce more good sections per knife edge than glass, they are expensive; require careful mounting and handling; and are time consuming to clean before and after usage, purchase from vendors (3-6 months waiting time), and regrind. Glass offers an easily accessible, inexpensive material ($0.04 per knife) with very high compressive strength (3) that can be employed in microtomy of metals (4) as well as biological materials. When the orthogonal machining process is being studied, glass offers additional advantages. Sections of metal or plastic can be dried down on the rake face, coated with Au-Pd, and examined directly in the SEM with no additional handling (5). Figure 1 shows aluminum chips microtomed with a 75° glass knife at a cutting speed of 1 mm/sec with a depth of cut of 1000 Å lying on the rake face of the knife.

scholarly journals Effect of Quenching and Partitioning Temperatures in the Q-P Process on the Properties of AHSS with Various Amounts of Manganese and Silicon

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 2734-2739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Jirková ◽  
Ludmila Kučerová ◽  
Bohuslav Mašek
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Isothermal Holding ◽  
Bainitic Ferrite ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Quenching Temperature ◽  
Quenching And Partitioning ◽  
Advanced High Strength Steels

The use of the combined influence of retained austenite and bainitic ferrite to improve strength and ductility has been known for many years from the treatment of multiphase steels. Recently, the very fine films of retained austenite along the martensitic laths have also become the centre of attention. This treatment is called the Q-P process (quenching and partitioning). In this experimental program the quenching temperature and the isothermal holding temperature for diffusion carbon distribution for three advanced high strength steels with carbon content of 0.43 % was examined. The alloying strategies have a different content of manganese and silicon, which leads to various martensite start and finish temperatures. The model treatment was carried out using a thermomechanical simulator. Tested regimes resulted in a tensile strength of over 2000MPa with a ductility of above 14 %. The increase of the partitioning temperature influenced the intensity of martensite tempering and caused the decrease of tensile strength by 400MPa down to 1600MPa and at the same time more than 10 % growth of ductility occurred, increasing it to more than 20%.

Experimental Investigation on Turning of Monel K500 Alloy Using Nano Graphene Cutting Fluid Under Minimum Quantity Lubrication

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arul Kulandaivel ◽  
Senthil Kumar Santhanam
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Minimum Quantity Lubrication ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Heat ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cutting Fluid ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Turning Operation ◽  
Minimum Quantity

Abstract Turning operation is one of the most commonly used machining processes. However, turning of high strength materials involves high heat generation which, in turn, results in undesirable characteristics such as increased tool wear, irregular chip formation, minor variations in physical properties etc. In order to overcome these, synthetic coolants are used and supplied in excess quantities (flood type). The handling and disposal of excess coolants are tedious and relatively expensive. In this proposed work, Water Soluble Cutting Oil suspended with nanoparticles (Graphene) is used in comparatively less quantities using Minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) method to improve the quality of machining. The testing was done on Turning operation of Monel K500 considering the various parameters such as the cutting speed, feed and depth of cut for obtaining a surface roughness of 0.462μm and cutting tool temperature of 55°C for MQL-GO (Graphene oxide) process.

Influence of Multi-Step Austempering Temperature on Tensile Performance of Unalloyed Ductile Iron

2019 ◽  
Vol 803 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Wei Ci Zhuang ◽  
Ying Ming Jiang ◽  
Wen Tao Zhou ◽  
Zhong Yang Liang ◽  
Derek O. Northwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Isothermal Holding ◽  
Bainitic Ferrite ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Rapid Quenching ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Multiphase Structure ◽  
Tensile Performance ◽  
Austempering Temperature

Austempered ductile iron (ADI) has been widely used in various industries due to its excellent combination of high strength, ductility and good wear resistance. The tensile behavior of an unalloyed commercial ADI with a multiphase structure designed by a novel multi-step austempering treatment is investigated. The developed austempering process consists of austenitizing at 890°C for 20min, then initial rapid quenching to 180°C, and isothermal holding at 190, 220, 250°Cfor 120min, and finally air cooling to room temperature. The optimum mechanical properties with an ultimate tensile strength of 1350MPa, a yield strength of 1090MPa, as well as an elongation of 3.5% is achieved at 220°C. This is attributed to a synergistic strengthening effect of multiphase structure including a prior martensite with fine needle bainitic ferrite and film retained austenite.

Experimental Study on the Relationship between Surface Roughness and Cutting Parameters when Face Milling High Strength Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 139-141 ◽  
pp. 782-787
Author(s):  
Yue Ding ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Xi Bin Wang ◽  
Li Jing Xie ◽  
Jun Han
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Face Milling ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Radial Depth ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Axial Depth

In this study, surface roughness generated by face milling of 38CrSi high-strength steel is discussed. Experiments based on 24 factorial design and Box-Behnken design method are conducted to investigate the effects of milling parameters (cutting speed, axial depth of cut and radial depth of cut and feed rate) on surface roughness, and a second-order model of surface roughness is established by using surface response methodology (RSM); Significance tests of the model are carried out by the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results show that the most important cutting parameter is feed rate, followed by radial depth of cut, cutting speed and axial depth of cut. Moreover, it is verified that the predictive model possesses highly significance by the variance examination at a level of confidence of 99%. And the relationship between surface roughness and the important interaction terms is nonlinear.

Effect of Cutting Parameters on Minimum Quantity Lubrication Machining of High Strength Steel

2009 ◽  
Vol 626-627 ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.T. Yan ◽  
Song Mei Yuan ◽  
Qiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Chip Formation ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Minimum Quantity Lubrication ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Minimum Quantity

The cutting performance (tool wear, surface roughness of machined work-piece and chip formation)of wet, dry and Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) machining when milling of high strength steel (PCrNi2Mo) using cemented carbide tools under different (cutting speed, depth of cut, feed rate) was analyzed. The experimental results showed that as the cutting speed, depth of cut and feed rate changed, MQL conditions provided the lowest flank wear and the highest surface quality. Chip formation produced under MQL conditions become more favorable in terms of color and shape. The results obtained prove the potential of using MQL technique in the milling process of high strength steel (PCrNi2Mo) for high cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut.

Preliminary Study: The Effect of Tool Engagement and Cutting Speed on Cutting Temperature during Contour Tool Path Strategy

2015 ◽  
Vol 1115 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
Roshaliza Hamidon ◽  
Erry Y.T. Adesta ◽  
Muhammad Riza
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Force ◽  
Tool Path ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Process ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Radial Depth ◽  
Engagement Angle ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Cutting Speeds

In pocketing operation for mold and die, the variation of tool engagement angle causes variation in the cutting force and also cutting temperature. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of tool engagement on cutting temperature when using the contour in tool path strategy for different cutting speeds. Cutting speeds of 150, 200 and 250m/min, feedrate from 0.05, 0.1, 0.15 mm/tooth and depths of cut of 0.1, 0.15 and 0.2 mm were applied for the cutting process. The result shows that by increasing cutting speed, the cutting temperature would rise. Varying the tool engagement also varied the cutting temperature. This can be seen clearly when the tool makes a 90oturn and along the corner region. Along the corner, the engagement angle varies accordingly with the radial depth of cut.

Machinability Improvement in Turning of Titanium Alloy (gr2) Using Cubic Boron Nitride (cBN) Cutting Tool

2014 ◽  
Vol 564 ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananda Kumar Eriki ◽  
K. Prahlada Rao ◽  
K.C. Varaprasad
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Surface Finish ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cubic Boron Nitride ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machining Performance

Titanium has been perceived as a material that is difficult to machine. Manufacturers are known that, with proper procedures, titanium can be fabricated using techniques no more difficult than those used for machining SS316. The machining of hard workpiece materials requires significantly harder cutting materials. Advancements in the aerospace, nuclear and other industries require the enhanced in-service performance of engineering components. These requirements have resulted in a large scale development and use of heat-resistant and high-strength materials, such as Ti6A4Valloys, which pose considerable machining problems. In this analysis on machining of titanium alloy using cubic boron nitride (cBN) tools, the machining performance was evaluated in terms of cutting force, specific cutting pressure, cutting temperature, chip strain and surface finish. The studies of turning machinability of titanium alloy using round tee-lock cubic boron nitride (cBN) inserts have been presented. A series of turning experiments were performed with cubic boron nitride (cBN) inserts with the objective: To determining the effect of cutting variable on the tool life. To investigate the effect of cutting speed and feed rate on the surface roughness while using round tee lock inserts. A good surface finish of 0.5 to 1 micron was obtained for cutting speed between 15 45 m/min, feed of 0.10 to 0.20 mm/rev and depth of cut of 1 mm and also find the stress intensity in two different axis will be studied.

Machinability Evaluation of TC11 Titanium Alloy in Finish Hard Turning Based on the Response Surface Methodology

2009 ◽  
Vol 69-70 ◽  
pp. 495-499
Author(s):  
M. Liu ◽  
Wei Wei Ming ◽  
Yun Shan Zhang ◽  
H. Xu ◽  
Ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Finish Hard Turning ◽  
Tc11 Titanium Alloy

TC11 is an α+β heat resistance titanium alloy with high strength to weight ratio, good corrosion resistance and high service temperature up to 500°C. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is an empirical statistical modeling technique employed for multiple regression analysis using quantitative data obtained from properly designed experiments to solve multivariable equations simultaneously. In this paper, a series of experiments were carried out to evaluate the machinability of TC11 alloy based on RSM. Optimum results show feed rate at 0.05mm/r, depth of cut at 0.25mm and moderate cutting speed at 110.9m/min giving the satisfied machining quality.

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