Efficient Modeling of Nonlinear Scattering of Ultrasonic Guided Waves From Fatigue Cracks Using Local Interaction Simulation Approach

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfeng Shen ◽  
Carlos E. S. Cesnik
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Mode Conversion ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Nonlinear Scattering ◽  
Absorbing Boundary ◽  
Interaction Simulation ◽  
Interior Damage

This paper presents an efficient modeling technique to study the nonlinear scattering of ultrasonic guided waves from fatigue damage. A Local Interaction Simulation Approach (LISA) is adopted, which possesses the versatility to capture arbitrary fatigue crack shapes. The stick-slip contact dynamics is implemented in the LISA model via the penalty method, which captures the nonlinear interactions between guided waves and fatigue cracks. The LISA framework achieves remarkable computation efficiency with its parallel implementation using Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) executed on GPUs. A small-size LISA model is tailored for the purpose of extracting the guided wave scattering features. The model consists of an interior damage region and an exterior absorbing boundary. The interior damage region captures various types of fatigue crack scenarios, while the exterior absorbing boundary surrounds the damage model to eliminate boundary reflections. Thus, the simulation of guided wave scattering in an infinite media can be achieved utilizing a small-size local LISA model. Due to the parallel CUDA implementation and the small-size nature, this local LISA model is highly efficient. Selective mode generation is achieved by coupling/decoupling excitation profiles with certain wave mode shapes, which allows the study of sensitivity of different wave modes to a certain fatigue damage situation. At the sensing locations, mode decomposition is performed on the scattering waves, which enables the study of mode conversion at the damage. Fourier analysis allows the extraction of scattering features at both fundamental and higher harmonic frequencies. A numerical case study on nonlinear scattering of guided waves from a fatigue crack is given. The higher harmonic generation and mode conversion phenomena are presented using the wave damage interaction coefficients (WDIC), from which the sensitive detection directions can be inferred to place sensors. This study can provide guidelines for the effective design of sensitive SHM systems using nonlinear ultrasonic guided waves for fatigue crack detection.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Fatigue Crack Propagation by Damage Index of Ultrasonic Guided Waves Calculated by Various Acoustic Features

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 4254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hashen Jin ◽  
Jiajia Yan ◽  
Weibin Li ◽  
Xinlin Qing
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Fatigue Crack Propagation ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Damage Index ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Acoustic Features ◽  
Reliable Technique

Under cyclic and repetitive loads, fatigue cracks can be further propagated to a crucial level by accumulation, causing detrimental effects to structural integrity and potentially resulting in catastrophic consequences. Therefore, there is a demand to develop a reliable technique to monitor fatigue cracks quantitatively at an early stage. The objective of this paper is to characterize the propagation of fatigue cracks using the damage index (DI) calculated by various acoustic features of ultrasonic guided waves. A hybrid DI scheme for monitoring fatigue crack propagation is proposed using the linear fusion of damage indices (DIs) and differential fusion of DIs. An experiment is conducted on an SMA490BW steel plate-like structure to verify the proposed hybrid DIs scheme. The experimental results show that the hybrid DIs from various acoustic features can be used to quantitatively characterize the propagation of fatigue cracks, respectively. It is found that the fused DIs calculated by the acoustic features in the frequency domain have an improved reliable manner over those of the time domain. It is also clear that the linear and differential amplitude fusion DIs in the frequency domain are more promising to indicate the propagation of fatigue cracks quantitatively than other fused ones.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Guided Wave Inspection of Small-Diameter Elbowed Steel Tubes with a Novel Squirrel-Cage Magnetostrictive Sensor

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Yao Liu ◽  
Xiucheng Liu ◽  
Chehua Yang ◽  
Wenxin Guo ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Mode Conversion ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Longitudinal Mode ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Wall Defect ◽  
Squirrel Cage ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Magnetostrictive Sensor

In the study, ultrasonic longitudinal mode guided waves were employed to detect defects in elbowed tubes (without welds) with a diameter of 10 mm. Finite element simulation results highlighted that the emitted L(0,1) mode guided waves experienced strong reflection and mode conversion at the elbow region to generate F(1,1) mode, followed by slow and weak F(2,1) mode. The guided wave reflected from the elbow with a through-wall defect was manifested as two overlapped wave packets, which were good indicators of a defective elbow. To conduct L(0,1) mode guided waves inspection on the small-diameter elbowed tubes, a novel tailored squirrel-cage magnetostrictive sensor was employed in the experiment. The new sensor employed the configuration of segmental iron-cobalt strips and small-size permanent magnet arrays. The entire sensor is composed of two identical C-shaped sensor elements and can be recycled and installed conveniently. Experimental results obtained from healthy and defective tubes were consistent with the conclusions obtained from finite element simulations. An artificial through-wall defect at the elbow and a notch defect at the straight part of the tube could be simultaneously detected by L(0,1) mode guided waves through comparing experimental signals with simulation results.

Guided Wave Acoustic Emission from Fatigue Crack Growth in Aluminium Plate

2006 ◽  
Vol 13-14 ◽  
pp. 23-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.K. Lee ◽  
Jonathan J. Scholey ◽  
Paul D. Wilcox ◽  
M.R. Wisnom ◽  
Michael I. Friswell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Crack Growth ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Elastic Waves ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Multiple Reflections ◽  
Alloy Plate

Acoustic emission (AE) testing is an increasingly popular technique used for nondestructive evaluation (NDE). It has been used to detect and locate defects such as fatigue cracks in real structures. The monitoring of fatigue cracks in plate-like structures is critical for aerospace industries. Much research has been conducted to characterize and provide quantitative understanding of the source of emission on small specimens. It is difficult to extend these results to real structures as most of the experiments are restricted by the geometric effects from the specimens. The aim of this work is to provide a characterization of elastic waves emanating from fatigue cracks in plate-like structures. Fatigue crack growth is initiated in large 6082 T6 aluminium alloy plate specimens subjected to fatigue loading in the laboratory. A large specimen is utilized to eliminate multiple reflections from edges. The signals were recorded using both resonant and nonresonant transducers attached to the surface of the alloy specimens. The distances between the damage feature and sensors are located far enough apart in order to obtain good separation of guided-wave modes. Large numbers of AE signals are detected with active fatigue crack propagation during the experiment. Analysis of experimental results from multiple crack growth events are used to characterize the elastic waves. Experimental results are compared with finite element predictions to examine the mechanism of AE generation at the crack tip.

scholarly journals Fatigue crack detection in pipes with multiple mode nonlinear guided waves

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruiqi Guan ◽  
Ye Lu ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Zhongqing Su
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Crack Detection ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Harmonic Wave ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Fatigue Crack Detection ◽  
Wave Modes

This study elaborates fundamental differences in fatigue crack detection using nonlinear guided waves between plate and pipe structures and provides an effective approach for analysing nonlinearity in pipe structures. For this purpose, guided wave propagation and interaction with microcrack in a pipe structure, which introduced a contact acoustic nonlinearity, was analysed through a finite element analysis in which the material nonlinearity was also included. To validate the simulation results, experimental testing was performed using piezoelectric transducers to generate guided waves in a specimen with a fatigue crack. Both methods revealed that the second harmonic wave generated by the breathing behaviour of the microcrack in a pipe had multiple wave modes, unlike the plate scenario using nonlinear guided waves. Therefore, a proper index which considered all the generated wave modes due to the microcrack was developed to quantify the nonlinearity, facilitating the identification of microscale damage and further assessment of the severity of the damage in pipe structures.

scholarly journals Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Guided Wave Propagation in a Multi-Wire Cable

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
Zhifeng Tang ◽  
Fuzai Lv ◽  
Keji Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
Excitation Power ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Mechanical Coupling ◽  
Guided Wave Propagation ◽  
Contact Acoustic Nonlinearity

Ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) have attracted attention in the nondestructive testing and structural health monitoring (SHM) of multi-wire cables. They offer such advantages as a single measurement, wide coverage of the acoustic field, and long-range propagation ability. However, the mechanical coupling of multi-wire structures complicates the propagation behaviors of guided waves and signal interpretation. In this paper, UGW propagation in these waveguides is investigated theoretically, numerically, and experimentally from the perspective of dispersion and wave structure, contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN), and wave energy transfer. Although the performance of all possible propagating wave modes in a multi-wire cable at different frequencies could be obtained by dispersion analysis, it is ineffective to analyze the frequency behaviors of the wave signals of a certain mode, which could be analyzed using the CAN effect. The CAN phenomenon of two mechanically coupled wires in contact was observed, which was demonstrated by numerical guided wave simulation and experiments. Additionally, the measured guided wave energy of wires located in different layers of an aluminum conductor steel-reinforced cable accords with the theoretical prediction. The model of wave energy distribution in different layers of a cable also could be used to optimize the excitation power of transducers and determine the effective monitoring range of SHM.

Fatigue crack detection under the vibration condition based on ultrasonic guided waves

2019 ◽  
pp. 147592171986077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanping Zhu ◽  
Fucai Li ◽  
Wenjie Bao
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Crack Detection ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Testing Platform ◽  
Vibration Condition ◽  
Fatigue Crack Detection ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Index Value

Ultrasonic guided wave is an encouraging tool in structural health monitoring for civil, mechanical, ship, and aerospace devices. Most of heavy devices required a long-time running during the service, and the structure of these devices is under the vibration condition due to their inherent properties and working condition. This article mainly researches fatigue crack detection in vibration condition caused by operation using ultrasonic guided waves, aiming to study the application of ultrasonic guided waves in the field of structure dynamics. The detection method based on the difference index and the sequence curve of difference index between different states of crack is proposed to detect fatigue crack in vibration condition. The experiments are carried out on the fatigue testing platform and the vibration test-bed to investigate the relationship between opening states of fatigue crack and the difference index value of ultrasonic guided waves. In order to reduce the influence of loads applied by the fatigue testing platform on ultrasonic guided waves propagation, the initial experiment is first carried out to select the range of applied loads which have minimal influence on wave propagation. The results show that loads from 0 to 24 MPa have minimal effect on ultrasonic guided waves, and the difference index values of intact beam and cracked beam are in different orders of magnitude. Therefore, the method based on difference index value and sequence of difference index is credible to detect fatigue crack for structure in vibration condition.

MONITORING FATIGUE CRACKS IN ALUMINUM JOINTS WITH ULTRASONIC GUIDED WAVES

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Cho ◽  
C. J. Lissenden ◽  
Donald O. Thompson ◽  
Dale E. Chimenti
Keyword(s):  
Guided Waves ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves

Nonlinear Damage Localization in Structures Using Nonlinear Vibration Modulation of Ultrasonic-Guided Waves

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingbo He ◽  
Yong Shao ◽  
Zeping Liao
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Vibration ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Metal Plate ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Damage Localization ◽  
Nonlinear Scattering ◽  
Plate Structures ◽  
Nonlinear Reflection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Cantilever Structure

This paper proposes a method for nonlinear damage localization in the beam and plate structures with nonlinear vibration modulation of ultrasonic-guided waves. In the proposed technique, the damaged metal beam and plate are designed to form a cantilever structure. A magnetic system is also involved in the model to control the dynamics of this cantilever structure. The oscillation model exhibits nonlinear vibration that is used to modulate the ultrasonic-guided waves. By utilizing a synchronous phase-locked demodulation technique, the nonlinear reflection profile from the nonlinear scatterer is extracted and employed for localizing the nonlinear damage. The proposed technique has the merits of being perceptive to nonlinear scattering sources, without requiring a damage-free signal, and with enhanced performance at a wide range of frequencies. These merits have been experimentally validated by localizing fatigue crack in a metal beam and imaging simulated contact defect in a metal plate. The proposed technique is suitable in the structural health monitoring (SHM) for nonlinear damage localization in the absence of a baseline signal by ultrasonic-guided waves.

Ultrasonic Guided Wave Testing of Finned Tubing

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen M. Malinowski ◽  
Matthew S. Lindsey ◽  
Jason K. Van Velsor
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Tube Wall ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Wave ◽  
Guided Wave Propagation ◽  
Wave Modes

In the past few decades, ultrasonic guided waves have been utilized more frequently Non-Destructive Testing (NDT); most notably, in the qualitative screening of buried piping. However, only a fraction of their potential applications in NDT have been fully realized. This is due, in part, to their complex nature, as well as the high level of expertise required to understand and utilize their propagation characteristics. The mode/frequency combinations that can be generated in a particular structure depend on geometry and material properties and are represented by the so-called dispersion curves. Although extensive research has been done in ultrasonic guided wave propagation in various geometries and materials, the treatment of ultrasonic guided wave propagation in periodic structures has received little attention. In this paper, academic aspects of ultrasonic guided wave propagation in structures with periodicity in the wave vector direction are investigated, with the practical purpose of developing an ultrasonic guided wave based inspection technique for finned tubing. Theoretical, numerical, and experimental methods are employed. The results of this investigation show excellent agreement between theory, numerical modeling, and experimentation; all of which indicate that ultrasonic guided waves will propagate coherently in finned tube only if the proper wave modes and frequencies are selected. It is shown that the frequencies at which propagating wave modes exist can be predicted theoretically and numerically, and depend strongly on the fin geometry. Furthermore, the results show that these propagating wave modes are capable of screening for and identifying the axial location of damage in the tube wall, as well as separation of the fins from the tube wall. The conclusion drawn from these results is that Guided Wave Testing (GWT) is a viable inspection method for screening finned tubing.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document