scholarly journals Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Guided Wave Propagation in a Multi-Wire Cable

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
Zhifeng Tang ◽  
Fuzai Lv ◽  
Keji Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
Excitation Power ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Mechanical Coupling ◽  
Guided Wave Propagation ◽  
Contact Acoustic Nonlinearity

Ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) have attracted attention in the nondestructive testing and structural health monitoring (SHM) of multi-wire cables. They offer such advantages as a single measurement, wide coverage of the acoustic field, and long-range propagation ability. However, the mechanical coupling of multi-wire structures complicates the propagation behaviors of guided waves and signal interpretation. In this paper, UGW propagation in these waveguides is investigated theoretically, numerically, and experimentally from the perspective of dispersion and wave structure, contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN), and wave energy transfer. Although the performance of all possible propagating wave modes in a multi-wire cable at different frequencies could be obtained by dispersion analysis, it is ineffective to analyze the frequency behaviors of the wave signals of a certain mode, which could be analyzed using the CAN effect. The CAN phenomenon of two mechanically coupled wires in contact was observed, which was demonstrated by numerical guided wave simulation and experiments. Additionally, the measured guided wave energy of wires located in different layers of an aluminum conductor steel-reinforced cable accords with the theoretical prediction. The model of wave energy distribution in different layers of a cable also could be used to optimize the excitation power of transducers and determine the effective monitoring range of SHM.

Ultrasonic Guided Wave Testing of Finned Tubing

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen M. Malinowski ◽  
Matthew S. Lindsey ◽  
Jason K. Van Velsor
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Tube Wall ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Inspection Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Wave ◽  
Guided Wave Propagation ◽  
Wave Modes

In the past few decades, ultrasonic guided waves have been utilized more frequently Non-Destructive Testing (NDT); most notably, in the qualitative screening of buried piping. However, only a fraction of their potential applications in NDT have been fully realized. This is due, in part, to their complex nature, as well as the high level of expertise required to understand and utilize their propagation characteristics. The mode/frequency combinations that can be generated in a particular structure depend on geometry and material properties and are represented by the so-called dispersion curves. Although extensive research has been done in ultrasonic guided wave propagation in various geometries and materials, the treatment of ultrasonic guided wave propagation in periodic structures has received little attention. In this paper, academic aspects of ultrasonic guided wave propagation in structures with periodicity in the wave vector direction are investigated, with the practical purpose of developing an ultrasonic guided wave based inspection technique for finned tubing. Theoretical, numerical, and experimental methods are employed. The results of this investigation show excellent agreement between theory, numerical modeling, and experimentation; all of which indicate that ultrasonic guided waves will propagate coherently in finned tube only if the proper wave modes and frequencies are selected. It is shown that the frequencies at which propagating wave modes exist can be predicted theoretically and numerically, and depend strongly on the fin geometry. Furthermore, the results show that these propagating wave modes are capable of screening for and identifying the axial location of damage in the tube wall, as well as separation of the fins from the tube wall. The conclusion drawn from these results is that Guided Wave Testing (GWT) is a viable inspection method for screening finned tubing.

Propagation characteristics of ultrasonic guided waves in continuously welded rail

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (19-21) ◽  
pp. 1740075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenqing Yao ◽  
Fuwei Sheng ◽  
Xiaoyuan Wei ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yuan Yang
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
Dispersion Analysis ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Bulk Wave ◽  
Propagation Characteristics ◽  
Destructive Testing ◽  
Continuously Welded Rail ◽  
Vibration Modal

Rail defects cause numerous railway accidents. Trains are derailed and serious consequences often occur. Compared to traditional bulk wave testing, ultrasonic guided waves (UGWs) can provide larger monitoring ranges and complete coverage of the waveguide cross-section. These advantages are of significant importance for the non-destructive testing (NDT) of the continuously welded rail, and the technique is therefore widely used in high-speed railways. UGWs in continuous welded rail (CWR) and their propagation characteristics have been discussed in this paper. Finite element methods (FEMs) were used to accomplish a vibration modal analysis, which is extended by a subsequent dispersion analysis. Wave structure features were illustrated by displacement profiles. It was concluded that guided waves have the ability to detect defects in the rail via choice of proper mode and frequency. Additionally, thermal conduction that is caused by temperature variation in the rail is added into modeling and simulation. The results indicated that unbalanced thermal distribution may lead to the attenuation of UGWs in the rail.

Guided Wave Focusing Mechanics in Pipe

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Hayashi ◽  
Koichiro Kawashima ◽  
Zongqi Sun ◽  
Joseph L. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Pipe Inspection ◽  
Specific Point ◽  
Wave Focusing ◽  
Beam Focusing ◽  
Subsequent Time

Guided waves can be used in pipe inspection over long distances. Presented in this paper is a beam focusing technique to improve the S/N ratio of the reflection from a tiny defect. Focusing is accomplished by using non-axisymmetric waveforms and subsequent time delayed superposition at a specific point in a pipe. A semi-analytical finite element method is used to present wave structure in the pipe. Focusing potential is also studied with various modes and frequencies.

scholarly journals Numerical Simulation on Micro-damage Detection In CFRP Composites Based on Nonlinear Ultrasonic Guided Waves

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Wave Mode ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Reinforced Plastics ◽  
Matrix Cracks ◽  
Nonlinear Ultrasonic ◽  
Contact Acoustic Nonlinearity

Abstract. Micro-damages such as pores, closed delamination/debonding and fiber/matrix cracks in carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) are vital factors towards the performance of composite structures, which could collapse if defects are not detected in advance. Nonlinear ultrasonic technologies, especially ones involving guided waves, have drawn increasing attention for their better sensitivity to early damages than linear acoustic ones. The combination of nonlinear acoustics and guided waves technique can promisingly provide considerable accuracy and efficiency for damage assessment and materials characterization. Herein, numerical simulations in terms of finite element method are conducted to investigate the feasibility of micro-damage detection in multi-layered CFRP plates using the second harmonic generation (SHG) of asymmetric Lamb guided wave mode. Contact acoustic nonlinearity (CAN) is introduced into the constitutive model of micro-damages in composites, which leads to the distinct SHG compared with material nonlinearity. The results suggest that the generated second order harmonics due to CAN could be received and adopted for early damage evaluation without matching the phase of the primary waves.

scholarly journals Temperature affected guided wave propagation in a composite plate complementing the Open Guided Waves Platform

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jochen Moll ◽  
Christian Kexel ◽  
Serena Pötzsch ◽  
Marcel Rennoch ◽  
Axel S. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Temperature Effect ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Assessment Development ◽  
Cfrp Plate ◽  
Guided Wave Propagation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Technical Validation

Abstract The influence of temperature is regarded as particularly important for a structural health monitoring system based on ultrasonic guided waves. Since the temperature effect causes stronger signal changes than a typical defect, the former must be addressed and compensated for reliable damage assessment. Development of new temperature compensation techniques as well as the comparison of existing algorithms require high-quality benchmark measurements. This paper investigates a carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) plate that was fully characterized in previous research in terms of stiffness tensor and guided wave propagation. The same CFRP plate is used here for the analysis of the temperature effect for a wide range of ultrasound frequencies and temperatures. The measurement data are a contribution to the Open Guided Waves (OGW) platform: http://www.open-guided-waves.de. The technical validation includes initial results on the analysis of phase velocity variations with temperature and exemplary damage detection results using state-of-the-art signal processing methods that aim to suppress the temperature effect.

scholarly journals Numerical Investigation of Excitation of Various Lamb Waves Modes in Thin Plastic Films

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 849
Author(s):  
Rymantas Jonas Kazys ◽  
Justina Sestoke ◽  
Egidijus Zukauskas
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Lamb Wave ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Phased Array ◽  
Ultrasonic Transducer ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Thin Plastic ◽  
Wave Modes

Ultrasonic-guided waves are widely used for the non-destructive testing and material characterization of plates and thin films. In the case of thin plastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC), films up to 3.2 MHz with only two Lamb wave modes, antisymmetrical A0 and symmetrical S0, may propagate. At frequencies lower that 240 kHz, the velocity of the A0 mode becomes slower than the ultrasonic velocity in air which makes excitation and reception of such mode complicated. For excitation of both modes, we propose instead a single air-coupled ultrasonic transducer to use linear air-coupled arrays, which can be electronically readjusted to optimally excite and receive the A0 and S0 guided wave modes. The objective of this article was the numerical investigation of feasibility to excite different types of ultrasonic-guided waves, such as S0 and A0 modes in thin plastic films with the same electronically readjusted linear phased array. Three-dimensional and two-dimensional simulations of A0 and S0 Lamb wave modes using a single ultrasonic transducer and a linear phased array were performed. The obtained results clearly demonstrate feasibility to excite efficiently different guided wave modes in thin plastic films with readjusted phased array.

scholarly journals Excitation and Propagation of Longitudinal L (0, 2) Mode Ultrasonic Guided Waves for the Detection of Damages in Hexagonal Pipes: Numerical and Experimental Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Xiang Wan ◽  
Meiru Liu ◽  
Xuhui Zhang ◽  
Hongwei Fan ◽  
Qinghua Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guided Waves ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Dispersion Curves ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Resource Exploitation ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Wave ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Through Hole

The hexagonal pipe is a special kind of tube structure. Its inner surface of the cross section is in the shape of circle, while the outer surface is hexagonal. It has functioned as an essential and critical part of a drill stem in a high-torque drill machine used in various resource exploitation fields. The inspection of a hexagonal pipe to avoid its failure and thus to ensure safe operation of a drilling machine is becoming increasingly urgent and important. In this study, the excitation and propagation of ultrasonic guided waves for the purpose of detecting defects in hexagonal pipes are proposed. Dispersion curves of hexagonal pipes are firstly derived by using semianalytical finite element method. Based on these dispersion curves, longitudinal L (0, 2) mode at 100 kHz is selected to inspect hexagonal pipes. A ring of piezoelectric transducers (PZTs) with the size of 25 mm × 5 mm ×0.5 mm is able to maximize the amplitude of L (0, 2) mode and successfully suppress the undesired L (0, 1) mode in the experiments. Numerical and experimental studies have shown that the displacement field of L (0, 2) mode at 100 kHz is almost uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction. Furthermore, L (0, 2) mode ultrasonic guided waves at 100 kHz are capable of detecting circular through-hole damages located in the plane and near the edge in a hexagonal pipe. Our study results have demonstrated that the use of longitudinal L (0, 2) mode ultrasonic guided wave provides a promising and effective alternative for the detection of defects in hexagonal pipe structures.

Guided Wave Focusing Mechanics in Pipe

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Hayashi ◽  
Koichiro Kawashima ◽  
Zongqi Sun ◽  
Joseph L. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Wave Structure ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Pipe Inspection ◽  
Specific Point ◽  
Wave Focusing ◽  
Beam Focusing ◽  
Subsequent Time

Guided waves can be used in pipe inspection over long distances. Presented in this paper is a beam focusing technique to improve the S∕N ratio of the reflection from a tiny defect. Focusing is accomplished by using nonaxisymmetric waveforms and subsequent time delayed superposition at a specific point in a pipe. A semianalytical finite element method is used to present wave structure in the pipe. Focusing potential is also studied with various modes and frequencies.

scholarly journals Nondestructive Inspection of Corrosion and Delamination at the Concrete-Steel Reinforcement Interface

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tri Miller ◽  
Christopher J. Hauser ◽  
Tribikram Kundu
Keyword(s):  
Guided Waves ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Ultrasonic Guided Waves ◽  
Reinforcing Steel ◽  
Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Steel Bar ◽  
Acoustic Transducer ◽  
Steel Bars ◽  
Aging Infrastructure

This paper explores the feasibility of detecting and quantifying corrosion and delamination at the interface between reinforcing steel bar and concrete using ultrasonic guided waves. The problem of corrosion and delamination of the reinforcing steel in the aging infrastructure has increased significantly in the last three decades and is likely to keep on increasing. Ultrasonic cylindrical guided waves that can propagate a long distance along the reinforcing steel bar are found to be sensitive to the interface conditions between steel bar and concrete. Ultrasonic transducers are used to launch and detect cylindrical guided waves along the steel bar. The traditional ultrasonic testing methods, for instance the pulse-echo method, where reflection, transmission, and scattering of longitudinal waves are used for detecting large voids in concrete, are not very efficient for detecting corrosion and delamination at the interface between concrete and steel bar. For this study four sets of specimens were prepared. They are rebars and plain steel bars with corrosion and physical separation. Transducers used during the experiment are the Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT) and the Piezoelectric Transducer (PZT). The experiment suggests that the guided wave inspection technique is feasible for the health monitoring of reinforced concrete structures. It also reveals that the ultrasonic guided waves are sensitive to the type of steel used and to the rib patterns on the reformed steel bars.

Analysis of Corrosion Areas in Pipelines Using Guided Wave Propagation: Numerical Simulations and Experimental Tests

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florin Turcu ◽  
Francesco Bertoncini ◽  
Giuseppe Giunta ◽  
Marco Raugi
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Guided Waves ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Guided Wave ◽  
Coherent Noise ◽  
Guided Wave Propagation ◽  
Integrity Issue

Guided Waves (GW) have become widely used for the inspection of unpiggable and inaccessible pipelines because of the presence of coating, because of their position or because they are buried. Among the possible anomalies, corrosion is the main integrity issue affecting pipelines. The effect that corrosion has on guided wave propagation is attenuation and increased coherent noise when it is generalized or reflection when corrosion is localized. In this paper, the possibility to characterize corrosion areas affecting pipelines through long range guided wave inspection or monitoring is investigated. With this purpose field testing was performed and the results were used for the validation of numerical methods able to simulate the phenomenon.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document