Experimental Study of Bio-Polymer Knee Implant

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ramos Gonzalez ◽  
Brendan O’Toole ◽  
Zhiyong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Computer Graphic ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Fabrication Method ◽  
Normal Walking ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Walking Pattern ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Implant Testing

This study tests a custom-designed knee implant made of an FDA approved biomaterial, Chronoflex AR. The implant is designed to cushion the damaged cartilage at the distal end of the femur to reduce knee pain without the removal of cartilage and bone. A patient’s MRI scan was used to render a 3D computer graphic design of the knee. The manufacturing of the implant is conducted by 3D printing the shape of the distal end of the femur and coating it with the biomaterial. This is a preliminary fabrication method. Ultimately, the implant material will be 3D printed or cast in 3D printed molds. A successful implementation of this sort of custom-designed implant would reduce the invasiveness of knee correcting procedures, enable the patient to retain the shape of his or her femoral and tibial anatomy, and reduce the possibility of revision surgeries. A custom knee implant testing machine was designed and fabricated to measure the force, elastic deformation, plastic deformation, wear and fatigue of the component after performing lab tests simulating a normal walking pattern while adhering to ISO standards.

scholarly journals Generation of a 3D printed brain model from MRI scan data to assist in Brain Surgery using open source tools

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
Neeraj Kulkarni ◽  
Siddhi Patil ◽  
Arunkumar Kashyap ◽  
Shreeprasad Manohar
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Brain Surgery ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Scan Data

Oblique Perspectives and CAD Software

2016 ◽  
pp. 290-308
Author(s):  
Pedro M. Cabezos-Bernal ◽  
Juan J. Cisneros-Vivó
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Computer Graphic ◽  
Descriptive Geometry ◽  
Orthogonal Projections ◽  
Oblique Projections ◽  
Essential Tool ◽  
Design Software

The great advances in the field of computer graphic design, have led to the development of more powerful applications, which have become an essential tool for the designer and have revolutionized the teaching of Descriptive Geometry. However, design software is not perfect, as there are some limitations that have to be overcome. This chapter focuses on solving the problem of obtaining oblique perspectives from a 3D model, as it is a common trouble in most of CAD software, since they only provide orthogonal projections and perspectives from a 3D model. This obstacle has led to the fact that the use of oblique projections, such as military and cavalier perspectives, has been drastically reduced.

Flexible Strain Sensor Using Additive Manufacturing and Conductive Liquid Metal: Design, Fabrication, and Characterization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Austin Smith ◽  
Hamzeh Bardaweel
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Liquid Metal ◽  
Strain Sensor ◽  
Gauge Factor ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Conductive Liquid ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Flexible Strain Sensor

In this work a flexible strain sensor is fabricated using Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing technique. The strain sensor is fabricated using commercially available flexible Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) filaments and liquid metal Galinstan Ga 68.5% In 21% Sn 10%. The strain sensor consists of U-shape 2.34mm long and 0.2mm deep channels embedded inside a TPU 3D printed structure. The performance of the strain sensor is measured experimentally. Gauge Factor is estimated by measuring change in electric resistance when the sensor is subject to 13.2% – 38.6% strain. Upon straining and unstraining, results from characterization tests show high linearity in the range of 13.2% to 38.6% strain with very little hysteresis. However, changes due to permanent deformations are a limiting factor in the usefulness of these sensors because these changes limit the consistency of the device. FDM 3D printing shows promise as a method for fabricating flexible strain sensors. However, more investigation is needed to look at the effects of geometries and 3D printing process parameters on the yield elongation of the flexible filaments. Additionally, more investigation is needed to observe the effect of distorted dimensions of the 3D printed channels on the sensitivity of the strain sensor. It is anticipated that successful implementation of these commercially available filaments and FDM 3D printers will lead to reduction in cost and complexity of developing these flexible sensors.

scholarly journals Assessing the viability of 3D printed brain models derived from MRI scan data in the communication of complex patterns of hypoxic ischaemic injury to lay-people

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anith Chacko ◽  
Ewan Simpson ◽  
Schadie Vedajallam ◽  
Savvas Andronikou ◽  
Ngoc J. Thai
Keyword(s):  
Mri Scan ◽  
Ischaemic Injury ◽  
Lay People ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Complex Patterns ◽  
Brain Models ◽  
Scan Data

No abstract available.

scholarly journals 3D Printed Microfluidics

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna V. Nielsen ◽  
Michael J. Beauchamp ◽  
Gregory P. Nordin ◽  
Adam T. Woolley
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Fabrication Method ◽  
Size Scale ◽  
Additional Work ◽  
Fluidic Devices ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Microfabrication Techniques

Traditional microfabrication techniques suffer from several disadvantages, including the inability to create truly three-dimensional (3D) architectures, expensive and time-consuming processes when changing device designs, and difficulty in transitioning from prototyping fabrication to bulk manufacturing. 3D printing is an emerging technique that could overcome these disadvantages. While most 3D printed fluidic devices and features to date have been on the millifluidic size scale, some truly microfluidic devices have been shown. Currently, stereolithography is the most promising approach for routine creation of microfluidic structures, but several approaches under development also have potential. Microfluidic 3D printing is still in an early stage, similar to where polydimethylsiloxane was two decades ago. With additional work to advance printer hardware and software control, expand and improve resin and printing material selections, and realize additional applications for 3D printed devices, we foresee 3D printing becoming the dominant microfluidic fabrication method.

scholarly journals 3D printing orthopedic scoliosis braces: a test comparing FDM with thermoforming

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1707-1720
Author(s):  
Davide Felice Redaelli ◽  
Valentina Abbate ◽  
Fabio Alexander Storm ◽  
Alfredo Ronca ◽  
Andrea Sorrentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
Fabrication Method ◽  
Polymer Yield ◽  
Single Piece ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Electronic Microscope

Abstract In recent years, 3D printing gained considerable attention in the orthopedic sector. This work evaluates the feasibility of producing orthopedic scoliosis braces by 3D printing, comparing performance and costs with classical thermoforming procedures. Critical parameters, such as manufacture time, mechanical properties, weight, and comfort are carefully considered. Polyethylene terephthalate glycol-modified (PETG) was selected among the several filaments materials present on the market. Printed samples were analyzed with electronic microscope, tensile, and impact tests and compared with thermoformed polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) samples. Moreover, a cost analysis was carried out for the specific application. The thermoformed brace of a volunteer patient affected by scoliosis was reproduced using reverse-engineering techniques. The model was then printed as a single piece and postprocessed by an expert orthotist. Subsequently, the patient wore the brace in a pilot case to compare comfort and mechanical effectiveness. Results show that the 3D printing fabrication method is able to provide a valid alternative to the current fabrication methods, being also very competitive in terms of costs. The morphological analysis does not show critical defects in 3D printed samples, while the mechanical tests highlighted their anisotropy, with an overall brittleness of PETG samples in the direction orthogonal to the fibers. However, in terms of mechanical stresses, a back brace should never reach the polymer yield stress, otherwise the shape would be modified and the therapeutic effect could be compromised. Finally, the patient reported the perception of improved support and no significant comfort differences compared with the thermoformed brace.

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