A Different Approach to High Resolution CP Evaluation

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Len J. Krissa ◽  
David M. Williams ◽  
Dennis C. Janda
Keyword(s):  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Current Measurement ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Ground Survey ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Close Interval ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Soil Surveys ◽  
Electrical Connections ◽  
In Cis

Assessing the effectiveness of Cathodic Protection (CP) in multiple pipeline corridors can be challenging. Close interval potential (CIS or CIPS) above ground CP surveys rely on interruption of all current sources that affect a particular pipeline and can be especially problematic in multi-pipe corridors involving several operators. Multi-pipe corridors can be very congested and complicated with numerous pipeline crossings and bonds. These circumstances can lead to difficulties in locating and ensuring the above ground survey is being conducted over the pipeline of interest. Inappropriate decisions surrounding the actual integrity of a particular pipeline have been made based on conventional pipe to soil surveys. The use of inline cathodic protection current measurement tools can eliminate a number of errors associated with above ground potential assessment techniques in multiple pipeline corridors and provide more accurate integrity data. CP ILI inspections can conclusively identify undocumented electrical connections to other structures on pipelines in such congested corridors. Active, unbeknownst bonds/connections will cause significant errors in CIS/CIPS data if not properly addressed during data acquisition. Additionally, information collected through the CIS technique is generalized since it is the average gradient being measured from all influencing adjacent lines. Information from an inline cathodic protection current measurement tool is specific to only the pipeline being inspected and therefore eliminates this uncertainty. This paper outlines an alternative approach to above ground close interval survey for assessing CP performance using inline inspection technology.

scholarly journals A Scoping Review of Health Literacy Measurement Tools in the Context of Cardiovascular Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Wai Yu Chan ◽  
Adnan Kisa
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Valid Measurement ◽  
Broad Concept ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Health Literacy Measurement ◽  
Print Literacy

Background. Despite the strong link between health literacy and cardiovascular health outcomes, health literacy measurements remain flawed and fragmented. There exists a gap in the knowledge when formulating a valid measurement to capture the broad concept of health literacy. The existence of various tools for health literacy measurement also hampers the availability of health literacy data. Additionally, little research is available on a valid measurement tool for cardiovascular health literacy. Objective. This study aims to provide an overview of the health literacy measurement tools used in the context of cardiovascular health. Method. A scoping review was conducted. Two electronic databases, Medline and Embase, were searched to identify studies that described a tool for the measurement of health literacy in the context of cardiovascular health. Results. After reviewing the available studies, 53 studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 26 health literacy measurement tools were identified in the studies. Among the 26 tools, 16 used an objective measurement approach, 9 adopted a subjective approach, and 1 employed a mixed approach. Additionally, 28 studies used tools to measure print literacy, 15 studies measured print literacy and numeracy, and 5 studies measured print literacy, oral literacy, and numeracy. Conclusions. STOFHLA, TOFHLA, and REALM were the mostly commonly used tools in the selected studies. The majority of tools were based heavily on reading skills and word recognition. Researchers should focus on the development of more comprehensive and reliable health literacy measurement tool(s) specific to cardiovascular health to assist health care providers to more efficiently and accurately identify people with cardiovascular problems who have inadequate health literacy.

scholarly journals Suitability of Measurement Tools for Assessing the Prevalence of Child Domestic Work: A Rapid Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2357
Author(s):  
Nicola S. Pocock ◽  
Clara W. Chan ◽  
Cathy Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Domestic Work ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
Nationally Representative

Child domestic work (CDW) is a hidden form of child labour. Globally, there were an estimated 17.2 million CDWs aged 5–17 in 2012, but there has been little critical analysis of methods and survey instruments used to capture prevalence of CDW. This rapid systematic review identified and critically reviewed the measurement tools used to estimate CDWs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO registration: CRD42019148702). Fourteen studies were included. In nationally representative surveys, CDW prevalence ranged from 17% among 13–24-year-old females in Haiti to 2% of children aged 10–17 in Brazil. Two good quality studies and one good quality measurement tool were identified. CDW prevalence was assessed using occupation-based methods (n = 9/14), household roster (n = 7) and industry methods (n = 4). Six studies combined approaches. Four studies included task-based questions; one study used this method to formally calculate prevalence. The task-based study estimated 30,000 more CDWs compared to other methods. CDWs are probably being undercounted, based on current standard measurement approaches. We recommend use of more sensitive, task-based methods for inclusion in household surveys. The cognitive and pilot testing of newly developed task-based questions is essential to ensure comprehension. In analyses, researchers should consider CDWs who may be disguised as distant or non-relatives.

Assessment of Active Learning

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay Gibson ◽  
Carolyn M. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Active Learning ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Traditional Teaching Methods ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Active Learning Strategies ◽  
Assessment Techniques

With the shift in learning objectives that were more focused on the development of skills and processes, new assessment techniques were required to be developed to determine the effectiveness of new active-learning techniques for teaching these skills. In order for assessment to be done well, instructors must consider what learning objective they are assessing, clarify why they are assessing and what benefits will derive from the process, consider whether they will conduct assessments during or after the learning process, and specifically address how they will design solid assessments of active learning best suited to their needs. The various types of assessment for active-learning strategies include written and oral debriefing, observations, peer- and self-assessment, and presentations and demonstrations. In addition, there are several different measurement tools for recording the assessment data, including checklists and student surveys. A final aspect to consider when examining assessment techniques and measurement tools is the construction of an effective rubric. Ultimately, further research is warranted in the learning that occurs through the use of active-learning techniques in contrast with traditional teaching methods, the “portability” of active-learning exercises across cultures, and the use of newer media—such as internet and video content—as it is increasingly incorporated into the classroom.

scholarly journals The Validity, Reliability, and Feasibility of Measurement Tools Used to Assess Sleep of Pre-school Aged Children: A Systematic Rapid Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie M. Phillips ◽  
Carolyn Summerbell ◽  
Helen L. Ball ◽  
Kathryn R. Hesketh ◽  
Sonia Saxena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Health Measurement ◽  
Quality Reporting ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Measurement Tools

Background: Sleep of pre-school aged children is important for their health and development, but there are currently no standards for measuring sleep in this age group. We aimed to examine the validity, reliability and feasibility of tools used to assess sleep of pre-school aged children.Methods: Studies were eligible for inclusion if they examined the validity and/or reliability and/or feasibility of a measurement tool used to examine sleep of pre-school aged children (aged 3–7 years). We systematically searched six electronic databases, grey literature and trial registries. We manually searched topic specific journals, reference and citations of included studies, and reference lists of existing reviews. We extracted data and conducted a risk of bias assessment on the included studies using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) risk of bias checklist. We used a narrative synthesis to present the results.Results: Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria: these explored accelerometers (n = 3) and parental reported tools (n = 13; nine questionnaires, six diaries). Studies assessed construct validity (n = 3), criterion validity (n = 1), convergent validity (n = 13), test-retest reliability (n = 2), internal consistency (n = 4) and feasibility (n = 12). Most studies assessed the convergent validity of questionnaires and diaries compared with accelerometers, but the validity of accelerometers for sleep in this age group is unknown. Of studies with a low risk of bias, one sleep diary was shown to be valid for measuring sleep duration. No measurement tools were appropriate for determining sleep quality. Reporting of reliability and feasibility was minimal.Discussion: The evidence base in this field is limited, and most studies had high risk of bias. Future research on sleep in pre-school aged children should focus on assessing the validity, reliability and feasibility of accelerometers, which in turn will improve the quality of studies that assess questionnaires and diaries against accelerometers.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021230900; PROSPERO: CRD42021230900.

scholarly journals Validity and reliability of the happiness scale for adolescents in Yogyakarta

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sintia Gumara Dini
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Reliability Testing ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Psychological Measurement ◽  
Validity Test ◽  
Measurement Tools

Happiness is a subjective concept because every individual has a different benchmark. Nolen-Hoeksema (1998) argues that adolescents have a higher level of depression than adults, who tend to show lower levels. For that reason, there needs to be a scale to measure happiness in adolescents. This research aims to construct a happiness scale for adolescents in Yogyakarta to measure the level of happiness of adolescents in Yogyakarta in a valid way because not all measurement tools used in western cultures can be implemented in the east. This research uses a constructed psychological measurement tool. This research involves 120 adolescents aged 16-18 years in Yogyakarta. In the factorial validity test or factor analysis, there are several items separated from the initial indicators that form new indicators. These, however, are still able to uncover the aim of constructing the scale. From the 60 items proposed, five items were rejected, and 55 others were considered appropriate. Reliability testing yields a result of 0.936, meaning that the scale has a sufficient level of reliability.

scholarly journals Studi Kasus Efektivitas Penggunaan Cairan Pembersih Luka Polyhexamethylene Biguanide Dengan Nano Silvosept Spray Dalam Mengurangi Biofilm Pada Ulkus Kaki Diabetik

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Aisyah Nurlany ◽  
Chrisyen Damanik ◽  
Hamka Hamka
Keyword(s):  
Leg Ulcer ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Leg Ulcers ◽  
Polyhexamethylene Biguanide ◽  
Measurement Tools

Latar belakang: Ulkus kaki diabetik merupakan salah satu komplikasi kronik dari diabetes yang sering ditemui. Kehadiran biofilm bakteri dianggap sebagai penghalang bagi perkembangan alami luka menuju penyembuhan dan memfasilitasi bioburden transisi dari kolonisasi sederhana ke kolonisasi kritis dan infeksi. Tujuan: Diketahuinya efektivitas penggunaan cairan pembersih luka polyhexamethylene biguanide dengan nano silvosept spray terhadap kemampuan mengurangi biofilm pada ulkus kaki diabetik. Metode: Kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus, menggunakan teknik sampling, dengan jumlah partisipan 2. Pengukuran observasi dengan menggunakan Leg Ulcer Measurement Tool, dokumentasi dari rekaman arsip, dan triangulasi berupa wawancara dengan terapis yang mengetahui perkembangan luka dari awal hingga penelitian dilaksanakan. Hasil: Didapatkan keefektivan tindakan proses pencucian luka kaki diabetik dengan biofilm menggunakan pengkajian leg ulcers measurement tools pada setiap kasus terdapat penurunan skor baik dengan cairan pembersih luka polyhexamethylene biguanide maupun pembersih luka nano silvosept spray. Penurunan pada setiap skor terjadi baik secara keseluruhan maupun yang berfokus terhadap kondisi biofilm yang salah satunya ditandai dengan penurunan eksudat pada luka. Kedua cairan ini cukup baik untuk membersihkan luka dalam mengurangi biofilm yang mengganggu dalam proses penyembuhan luka. Kesimpulan: Keduanya efektif digunakan dalam perawatan luka kaki diabetik dengan biofilm baik polyhexamethylene biguanide maupun nano silvosept spray karena mempunyai cara tersendiri dalam menghilangkan bakteri selama proses pencucian luka.

Psychometric properties of the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills in patients undergoing rehabilitation following hand-related disorders

Hand Therapy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Thea Birch Ransby ◽  
Alice Ørts Hansen ◽  
Nanna Rolving
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
The Other ◽  
Global Rating Scale ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Global Rating ◽  
Process Skills ◽  
Baseline Score ◽  
Measurement Tools

Introduction Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) has been proven to be a suitable measurement tool for assessing performance-based ADL ability; however, its reliability and validity have not been tested on patients with hand-related disorders. Methods Patients referred for outpatient hand rehabilitation were assessed with AMPS, The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM), dynamometer and goniometer at baseline and after eight weeks of hand therapy. Construct validity and responsiveness of AMPS were assessed by hypothesis testing. Construct validity was assessed by correlating the baseline score of AMPS with the baseline score of the other measurement tools. Responsiveness was assessed by correlating the change scores of each measurement tool with a Global Rating Scale. Results Fifty-one patients were recruited. The construct validity of AMPS indicated that the various measurement tools captured different aspects to functioning from the AMPS, as the correlations between AMPS and the other measurement tools were generally weak to low (r < 0.25 to 0.49). AMPS was less responsive than COPM when correlated with the GRS. The correlation between COPM and GRS was r = 0.62 compared with the AMPS motor, r = 0.45 and AMPS process, r = 0.33. Relative responsiveness of AMPS is similar to that of the dynamometer (r = 0.39) and goniometer (r = –0.34). Discussion In a sample of 51 patients, this study found that the construct validity of AMPS seemed to be moderate, while the responsiveness of AMPS seemed to be poor. However, due to the small sample size no conclusions can be made, and should be further assessed in larger studies.

Communications System using a 1K22Monoconductor Cable for Down-hole Measurement Tools

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 (HITEC) ◽  
pp. 000316-000326
Author(s):  
Rito Mijarez ◽  
David Pascacio ◽  
Ricardo Guevara ◽  
Joaquín Rodríguez ◽  
Olimpia Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Design Modification ◽  
Noise Interference ◽  
Front End ◽  
Bidirectional Communication ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Firm Basis ◽  
Communications System

Progressively deeper and hotter oil wells have driven design modification that enhances the performance in sensors and downhole electronic instruments. Oil reservoirs in Mexico are located at mean depths of 6,000 m; as a consequence, the requirements for measuring thermodynamic and geophysical parameters are challenging. This paper describes a bidirectional communication system that exchanges data from a down-hole high pressure and high temperature (HP/HT) measurement tool to the surface installation. The communication medium is a 7 km mono-conductor 1K22 logging cable used also as a power supply transmission line. The system consists of a proprietary downhole measurement tool, composed of a HT/HP sensor and a high temperature DSP-based electronic device, and a data acquisition equipment located in the surface installation. The system employs a communication algorithm that automatically switches the modulation technique and changes the carrier frequency to avoid issues derived from noise interference, cable attenuation and thermal drift of the front end passive elements. The laboratory tests results provide a firm basis for testing and evaluating the system in the field.

scholarly journals Combining growth curves when a longitudinal study switches measurement tools

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 2925-2938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob J Oleson ◽  
Joseph E Cavanaugh ◽  
J Bruce Tomblin ◽  
Elizabeth Walker ◽  
Camille Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Hierarchical Modeling ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Bayesian Hierarchical ◽  
Borrowing Strength ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
The Impact

When longitudinal studies are performed to investigate the growth of traits in children, the measurement tool being used to quantify the trait may need to change as the subjects’ age throughout the study. Changing the measurement tool at some point in the longitudinal study makes the analysis of that growth challenging which, in turn, makes it difficult to determine what other factors influence the growth rate. We developed a Bayesian hierarchical modeling framework that relates the growth curves per individual for each of the different measurement tools and allows for covariates to influence the shapes of the curves by borrowing strength across curves. The method is motivated by and demonstrated by speech perception outcome measurements of children who were implanted with cochlear implants. Researchers are interested in assessing the impact of age at implantation and comparing the growth rates of children who are implanted under the age of two versus those implanted between the ages of two and four.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the validity, reliability, and feasibility of measurement tools used to assess the physical activity and sedentary behaviour of pre-school aged children

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie M. Phillips ◽  
Carolyn Summerbell ◽  
Matthew Hobbs ◽  
Kathryn R. Hesketh ◽  
Sonia Saxena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Measurement Properties ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Important Health

AbstractPhysical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) of pre-school aged children are associated with important health and developmental outcomes. Accurate measurement of these behaviours in young children is critical for research and practice in this area. The aim of this review was to examine the validity, reliability, and feasibility of measurement tools used to assess PA and SB of pre-school aged children.Searches of electronic databases, and manual searching, were conducted to identify articles that examined the measurement properties (validity, reliability or feasibility) of measurement tools used to examine PA and/or SB of pre-school aged children (3–7 years old). Following screening, data were extracted and risk of bias assessment completed on all included articles.A total of 69 articles, describing 75 individual studies were included. Studies assessed measurement tools for PA (n = 27), SB (n = 5), and both PA and SB (n = 43). Outcome measures of PA and SB differed between studies (e.g. moderate to vigorous activity, step count, posture allocation). Most studies examined the measurement properties of one measurement tool only (n = 65). Measurement tools examined included: calorimetry, direct observation, combined heart rate and accelerometry, heart rate monitors, accelerometers, pedometers, and proxy report (parent, carer or teacher reported) measures (questionnaires or diaries). Studies most frequently assessed the validity (criterion and convergent) (n = 65), face and content validity (n = 2), test-retest reliability (n = 10) and intra-instrument reliability (n = 1) of the measurement tools. Feasibility data was abstracted from 41 studies.Multiple measurement tools used to measure PA and SB in pre-school aged children showed some degree of validity, reliability and feasibility, but often for different purposes. Accelerometers, including the Actigraph (in particular GT3X versions), Actical, ActivPAL and Fitbit (Flex and Zip), and proxy reported measurement tools used in combination may be useful for a range of outcome measures, to measure intensity alongside contextual information.

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