Development of Well Intervention Fluid for Removal of Sustained Casing Pressure

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efecan Demirci ◽  
Kristina Butler ◽  
Andrew K. Wojtanowicz
Keyword(s):  
Physical Models ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Sustained Casing Pressure ◽  
Continuous Displacement ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Casing Pressure ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Organic Fluids

Sustained Casing Pressure (SCP) is a well integrity problem and its removal is required. Techniques that involve replacing the fluid inside the annulus with a heavier fluid (kill fluid, KF) to stop gas migration have so far failed due to issues resulting from fluid incompatibility. This study aims to develop an intervention fluid compatible with water-based annular fluids. Based on the theory of buoyant slippage, brominated organic fluids have been produced and tested to assess compatibility and performance with multiple physical models. Results showed that the KF was able to settle down in water-based fluids, build up and exert pressure at the bottom. Experiments also exposed the formation of a mixture zone just above the building-up KF column. Lower injection rates and/or larger nozzle sizes decrease KF dispersion, prevent mixture zone formation and increase KF recovery. Intervention fluids developed in this study may revive the defunct bleed-and-lube (B&L) technique that would dramatically reduce the cost of SCP removal or may be used in an alternative process of continuous displacement that would significantly reduce the time of well intervention. Presented in the paper is also a road map for testing the SCP removal process that would lead to development of this technology.

Avoiding Sustained Casing Pressure in Gas wells using Self Healing Cement

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salim Taoutaou ◽  
Jorge Andres Vargas Bermea ◽  
Pietro Bonomi ◽  
Bassam Elatrache ◽  
Christian Pasturel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Healing ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Sustained Casing Pressure ◽  
Casing Pressure

Return on Invesment (ROI) of Software Product: A Systematic Literature Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Rizqa Raaiqa Bintana ◽  
Putri Aisyiyah Rakhma Devi ◽  
Umi Laili Yuhana
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Assessment Criteria ◽  
Software Product ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Rational Consideration ◽  
Actual Return ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Investment Models ◽  
The Impact

The quality of the software can be measured by its return on investment. Factors which may affect the return on investment (ROI) is the tangible factors (such as the cost) dan intangible factors (such as the impact of software to the users or stakeholder). The factor of the software itself are assessed through reviewing, testing, process audit, and performance of software. This paper discusses the consideration of return on investment (ROI) assessment criteria derived from the software and its users. These criteria indicate that the approach may support a rational consideration of all relevant criteria when evaluating software, and shows examples of actual return on investment models. Conducted an analysis of the assessment criteria that affect the return on investment if these criteria have a disproportionate effort that resulted in a return on investment of a software decreased. Index Terms - Assessment criteria, Quality assurance, Return on Investment, Software product

Management System Competency Model and Development Program

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark S. Jean ◽  
Lynn A. Sikorski ◽  
Laura P. Zaleschuk
Keyword(s):  
Performance Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Competency Model ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Person Perspective ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Measurement And Evaluation

The pipeline industry continues to look for ways to improve its compliance and performance. Management systems have increased prevalence in the pipeline industry, with recognition that carefully designed and well-implemented management systems are the fundamental method that should be used to keep people safe, protect the environment and align organizational activities. Experience has shown significantly better success rates with management system implementation, both in terms of the quality and speed, when the person responsible for the design, implementation and sustainment of the management system has an integrated set of technical and enabling competencies. However, there is currently no standardized competency model that can be used to support a Management Systems Professional’s specialized knowledge and skills. The paper outlines the competencies needed by individuals to be effective in the design, implementation, measurement and evaluation of management systems. Applying a ‘whole-person’ perspective, the model includes business, relational and technical competencies that contribute to performance excellence for management system practitioners, including outlining example behaviours at target level performance and proficiency, and supported by a defined body of knowledge. This paper describes the Management System Competency Model, including how it can be used to create a position-specific development program for application within various organizations. This research establishes a basis for the creation of a practical, systematic and easy to use development road map for individuals and organizations who use or leverage a management system.

scholarly journals A Review of Conventional and Innovative- Sustainable Methods for Cleaning Reflectors in Concentrating Solar Power Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Bouaddi ◽  
Aránzazu Fernández-García ◽  
Chris Sansom ◽  
Jon Sarasua ◽  
Fabian Wolfertstetter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Cleaning Methods ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Solar Field ◽  
High Reflectance

The severe soiling of reflectors deployed in arid and semi arid locations decreases their reflectance and drives down the yield of the concentrating solar power (CSP) plants. To alleviate this issue, various sets of methods are available. The operation and maintenance (O&M) staff should opt for sustainable cleaning methods that are safe and environmentally friendly. To restore high reflectance, the cleaning vehicles of CSP plants must adapt to the constraints of each technology and to the layout of reflectors in the solar field. Water based methods are currently the most commonly used in CSP plants but they are not sustainable due to water scarcity and high soiling rates. The recovery and reuse of washing water can compensate for these methods and make them a more reasonable option for mediterranean and desert environments. Dry methods, on the other hand, are gaining more attraction as they are more suitable for desert regions. Some of these methods rely on ultrasonic wave or vibration for detaching the dust bonding from the reflectors surface, while other methods, known as preventive methods, focus on reducing the soiling by modifying the reflectors surface and incorporating self cleaning features using special coatings. Since the CSP plants operators aim to achieve the highest profit by minimizing the cost of cleaning while maintaining a high reflectance, optimizing the cleaning parameters and strategies is of great interest. This work presents the conventional water-based methods that are currently used in CSP plants in addition to sustainable alternative methods for dust removal and soiling prevention. Also, the cleaning effectiveness, the environmental impacts and the economic aspects of each technology are discussed.

Characterisation of Static Strip Seal Flow

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Farahani ◽  
Peter Childs
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Main Stream ◽  
Cfd Modelling ◽  
Height Range ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Nozzle Guide ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cooling Air

Strip seals are used in gas turbine engines between two static elements or between components which do not move relative to each other, such as Nozzle Guide Vanes (NGVs). The key role of a strip seal between NGV segments is sealing between the flow through the main stream annulus and the internal air system, a further purpose is to limit the inter-segmental movements. In general the shape of the strip seal is a rectangular strip that fits into two slots in adjacent components. The minimum clearance required for static strip seals must be found by accounting for thermal expansion, misalignment, and application, to allow correct fitment of the strip seals. Any increase in leakage raises the cost due to an increase in the cooling air use, which is linked to specific fuel consumption, and it can also alter gas flow paths and performance. The narrow path within the seal assembly, especially the height has the most significant affect on leakage. The height range of the narrow path studied in this paper is 0.01–0.06 mm. The behaviour of the flow passing through the narrow path has been studied using CFD modelling and measurements in a bespoke rig. The CFD and experimental results show that normalized leakage flow increases with pressure ratio before reaching a maximum. The main aim of this paper is to provide new experimental data to verify the CFD modelling for static strip seals. The typical flow characteristics validated by CFD modelling and experiments can be used to predict the flow behaviour for future static strip seal designs.

Sustained Casing Pressure Calculation of A Annulus Induced by Downhole Operation Load

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 2067-2070
Author(s):  
Zhang Zhi ◽  
Tai Ping Xiao ◽  
Zheng Mao Chen ◽  
Tai He Shi
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Extrusion Force ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Gas Well ◽  
Seal Failure ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Sustained Casing Pressure ◽  
Casing Pressure

Currently the annulus pressure of gas well becomes more common, so the safe production of several wells has been seriously affected. The annulus pressure mechanism is relatively complex, and it can be approximately classified into annulus pressure induced by temperature effect, by ballooning effect and by leakage or seal failure etc. The article mainly focuses on the annulus pressure mechanism induced by ballooning effect and the corresponding calculation model. For the tubing column with two ends fixed and closed, when tubing internal pressure is larger than the external extrusion force, the external diameter of the tubing column balloons (i.e. ballooning effect). It reduces the annular volume between the tubing and the casing, and consequentially induces annulus pressure. Based on the fundamental theory of elastic-plastic mechanics, the tubing column is simplified into the thin walled cylinder so as to deduce the relation models between the internal pressure and its swell capacity and A annulus pressure value, which provide theoretical support for safety evaluation on annulus pressure and the next treatment program.

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