Impact Testing of Stainless Steel Material at Room and Elevated Temperatures

Stainless steels are used for the construction of numerous spent nuclear fuel or radioactive material containers that may be subjected to high strains and moderate strain rates during accidental drop events. Mechanical characteristics of these base materials and their welds under dynamic loads in the strain rate range of concern are not well documented. However, three previous papers [1, 2, 3] reported on impact testing and analysis results performed at the Idaho National Laboratory using 304/304L and 316/316L stainless steel base material specimens that began the investigation of these characteristics. The goal of the work presented herein is to add the results of additional tensile impact testing for dual-marked 304/304L and 316/316L stainless steel material specimens (hereafter referred to as 304L and 316L, respectively). Utilizing a drop-weight impact test machine and 1/4-inch to 1/2-inch thick dog-bone shaped test specimens, additional impact tests achieved target strain rates of 5, 10, and 22 per second at room temperature, 300, and 600 degrees Fahrenheit. Elevated true stress-strain curves for these materials at each designated strain rate and temperature are presented herein.

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Impact Testing of Stainless Steel Material at Cold Temperatures

Volume 7: Operations, Applications and Components ◽

10.1115/pvp2008-61215 ◽

2008 ◽

Author(s):

Dana K. Morton ◽

Robert K. Blandford ◽

Spencer D. Snow

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

316L Stainless Steel ◽

Impact Testing ◽

Radioactive Material ◽

Test Machine ◽

Strain Rates ◽

Cold Temperatures ◽

Steel Material ◽

Stainless Steel Material ◽

The Impact

Stainless steels are used for the construction of numerous spent nuclear fuel or radioactive material containers that may be subjected to high strains and moderate strain rates during accidental drop events. Mechanical characteristics of these base materials and their welds under dynamic loads in the strain rate range of concern are not well documented. However, a previous paper [1] reported on impact testing and analysis results performed at the Idaho National Laboratory using 304/304L and 316/316L stainless steel base material specimens at room and elevated temperatures. The goal of the work presented herein is to add recently completed impact tensile testing results at −20°F conditions for dual-marked 304/304L and 316/316L stainless steel material specimens (hereafter referred to as 304L and 316L, respectively). Recently completed welded material impact testing at −20°F, room, 300°F, and 600°F is also reported. Utilizing a drop-weight impact test machine and 1/4-inch to 1/2-inch thick dog-bone shaped test specimens, the impact tests achieved strain rates in the 4 to 40 per second range, depending upon the material temperature. Elevated true stress-strain curves for these materials reflecting varying strain rates and temperatures are presented herein.

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Impact Testing of Stainless Steel Materials

Volume 7: Operations, Applications, and Components ◽

10.1115/pvp2005-71133 ◽

2005 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. K. Blandford ◽

D. K. Morton ◽

T. E. Rahl ◽

S. D. Snow

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Strain Rate ◽

Impact Test ◽

Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽

Impact Testing ◽

Radioactive Material ◽

Test Machine ◽

Strain Rates ◽

Stress Strain ◽

The Impact

Stainless steels are used for the construction of numerous spent nuclear fuel or radioactive material containers that may be subjected to high strains and moderate strain rates (10 to 200 per second) during accidental drop events. Mechanical characteristics of these materials under dynamic (impact) loads in the strain rate range of concern are not well documented. The goal of the work presented in this paper was to improve understanding of moderate strain rate phenomena on these materials. Utilizing a drop-weight impact test machine and relatively large test specimens (1/2-inch thick), initial test efforts focused on the tensile behavior of specific stainless steel materials during impact loading. Impact tests of 304L and 316L stainless steel test specimens at two different strain rates, 25 per second (304L and 316L material) and 50 per second (304L material) were performed for comparison to their quasi-static tensile test properties. Elevated strain rate stress-strain curves for the two materials were determined using the impact test machine and a “total impact energy” approach. This approach considered the deformation energy required to strain the specimens at a given strain rate. The material data developed was then utilized in analytical simulations to validate the final elevated stress-strain curves. The procedures used during testing and the results obtained are described in this paper.

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PEMANFAATAN MESIN PENGHALUS DAN PENGADUK GARAM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN NILAI JUAL PRODUK DI DESA MUARABARU, KECAMATAN CILAMAYA WETAN, KABUPATEN KARAWANG

SELAPARANG Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan ◽

10.31764/jpmb.v4i2.4393 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 387

Author(s):

Marno Marno ◽

Yuliarman Saragih ◽

Gun Gun Gumilar

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Final Stage ◽

316L Stainless Steel ◽

Agricultural Sector ◽

Maximum Speed ◽

Steel Material ◽

Stainless Steel Material ◽

The Village

ABSTRAKSektor pertanian di sektor garam saat ini memerlukan perhatian kusus. Para petambak garam membutuhkan mesin yang kuat dan tahan korosi dengan berbahan dasar stainless steel kode SUS 316L. Saat ini, bahan stainless steel SUS 316L banyak digunakan dalam pengolahan makanan, minuman dan jenis bahan kimia lainnya yang membutuhkan sifat higienis. Maka tujuan dari kegiatan ini membuat mesin penghalus dan pengaduk garam dengan bahan stainless steel SUS 316L. Dari hasil data yang diperoleh dari pengujian mesin, dapat disimpulkan bahwa mesin penghalus dan pengaduk garam memiliki kecepatan maksimum 3800 rpm dapat menghaluskan garam dengan tingkat yang sangat halus dari 50 sampai 100% tergantung pada nilai kerapatan. Metode pelaksanaan dari kegiatan ini adalah pelatihan dengan tahap akhir merealisasikan alat yang dibuat. Hasil yang dicapai pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dengan memberikan mesin penghalus dan pengaduk garam berbahan stainless steel SUS 316L. Sehingga sangat berguna bagi para petambak garam di Desa Muarabaru Kecamatan Cilamaya Wetan karena dapat meningkatkan nilai jual garam para petambak. Kata kunci: mesin penghalus dan pengaduk garam; stainless steel SUS 316L; petambak garam ABSTRACTThe agricultural sector in the salt sector currently requires special attention. At present, SUS 316L stainless steel material is widely used in processing food, beverages and other types of chemicals that require hygienic properties. Then the purpose of this activity makes the resilient machine and stirring salt with SUS 316L stainless steel. From the results of the data obtained from testing machines, it can be concluded that the resilient machine and salt stirrer have a maximum speed of 3800 rpm can smooth the salt with a very subtle level of 50 to 100% depending on the value of density. The method of implementation of this activity is training with the final stage of realizing the tools made. The results achieved by the community to the community were carried out by providing resilient machines and stainless steel stainless steel sus 316L. So it is very useful for salt farmers in the village of Muarabaru District Cilamaya Wetan because it can increase the value of salt salt farmers. Keywords: salt refining and stirring machine; stainless steel SUS 316L; salt farmers

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Influence of Deformation Rate on Mechanical Response of an AISI 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.922.49 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 922 ◽

pp. 49-54

Author(s):

Mattias Calmunger ◽

Guo Cai Chai ◽

Sten Johansson ◽

Johan Moverare

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Stainless Steel ◽

Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽

Dynamic Recrystallization ◽

Strain Rate ◽

Power Plants ◽

Elevated Temperatures ◽

Strain Rates ◽

Aisi 316L ◽

Elongation To Failure

Austenitic stainless steels are often used for components in demanding environment. These materials can withstand elevated temperatures and corrosive atmosphere like in energy producing power plants. They can be plastically deformed at slow strain rates and high alternating or constant tensile loads such as fatigue and creep at elevated temperatures. This study investigates how deformation rates influence mechanical properties of an austenitic stainless steel. The investigation includes tensile testing using strain rates of 2*10-3/ and 10-6/s at elevated temperatures up to 700°C. The material used in this study is AISI 316L. When the temperature is increasing the strength decreases. At a slow strain rate and elevated temperature the stress level decreases gradually with increasing plastic deformation probably due to dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization. However, with increasing strain rate elongation to failure is decreasing. AISI 316L show larger elongation to failure when using a strain rate of 10-6/s compared with 2*10-3/s at each temperature. Electron channelling contrast imaging is used to characterize the microstructure and discuss features in the microstructure related to changes in mechanical properties. Dynamic recrystallization has been observed and is related to damage and cavity initiation and propagation.

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Flow Behavior and Microstructural Evolution of 316 Stainless Steel under Hot Compression

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.677.188 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 677 ◽

pp. 188-191

Author(s):

Horng Yu Wu ◽

Feng Jun Zhu ◽

Chui Hung Chiu ◽

Hsu Cheng Liu ◽

Cheng Tao Wu

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Strain Rate ◽

Grain Growth ◽

Microstructural Evolution ◽

Elevated Temperatures ◽

Flow Behavior ◽

Strain Rates ◽

Softening Effect ◽

316 Stainless Steel ◽

Softening Mechanism

Hot deformation characteristics of 316 stainless steel were investigated at elevated temperatures. Hot compressive tests were carried out in the temperature and strain rate ranges from 900 to 1100 °C and 1 × 10−1 to 1 s–1, respectively. Correlation between the flow behavior and the microstructural evolution was analyzed. The flow behavior showed that the softening mechanisms were related to the dynamic recovery (DRV), dynamic recrystallization (DRX), and grain growth. Flow behavior analyses and microstructural observations indicated that DRV was the major softening mechanism at high strain rates and low temperatures. Dynamic softening proceeded via a combination of DRV and DRX at intermediate strain rates and temperatures. The contribution of DRV to the softening effect decreased with decreasing strain rate (or increasing temperature). Grain growth was the major softening effect at low strain rates and high temperatures.

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An Energy-Based Unified Approach to Predict the Low-Cycle Fatigue Life of Type 316L Stainless Steel under Various Temperatures and Strain-Rates

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma12071090 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 1090 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nae Tak ◽

Jung-Seok Kim ◽

Jae-Yong Lim

Keyword(s):

Stainless Steel ◽

Strain Rate ◽

316L Stainless Steel ◽

Low Cycle Fatigue ◽

Tensile Tests ◽

Fatigue Tests ◽

Strain Rates ◽

Cycle Fatigue ◽

Type 316L ◽

Type 316L Stainless Steel

An energy-based low-cycle fatigue model was proposed for applications at a range of temperatures. An existing model was extended to the integrated approach, incorporating the simultaneous effects of strain rate and temperature. A favored material at high temperature, type 316L stainless steel, was selected in this study and its material characteristics were investigated. Tensile tests and low-cycle fatigue tests were performed using several strain rates at a temperature ranging from room temperature to 650 °C. Material properties were obtained in terms of temperature using the displacement-controlled tensile tests and further material response were investigated using strain-controlled tensile tests. Consequently, no pronounced reduction in strengths occurred at temperatures between 300 and 550 °C, and a negative strain rate response was observed in the temperature range. Based on the low-cycle fatigue tests by varying strain rates and temperature, it was found that a normalized plastic strain energy density and a strain-rate modified cycle were successfully correlated. The accuracy of the model was discussed by comparing between predicted and experimental lives.

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